notch and its types

notch and its type

1. WHAT ARE NOTCHES AND THEIRS TYPES

2. INTRODUCTION A notch is a device used for measuring the rate of flow of a liquid through a small channel or tank . Due to notches the pressure energy of liquid is converted into kinetic energy.

3. Classification of notches The notches are classified as: According to the shape of opening Rectangular notch Triangular notch Trapezoidal notch

4. Rectangular notch A rectangular shaped notch that is usually installed at the end of upstream It Offers more pressure drop. Flow rate in rectangular notch is dependent on the depth of upstream The equation of discharge over the rectangular notch Q= 2/3.Cd.L.√(2g).H^(3/2)

5. Triangular notch Often called as a v notch. Useful for measuring low flow rate . Pressure loss is recovered . The equation of discharge over the Triangular notch is given by Q=8/15.Cd.√(2g).Tan(ᶿ/2).H^(5/2)

6. Trapezoidal notch It is the combination of rectangular notch and the two triangular notch Discharge over the trapezoidal notch will be the sum of discharge of rectangular notch and triangular notch Discharge over the trapezoidal notch is given as Q= 2/3.Cd.L.√(2g).H^(3/2 ) + 8/15.Cd.√(2g).Tan(ᶿ/2).H^(5/2)

7. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN NOTCHES AND WIRE NOTCH A notch may be defined as an opening provided in one side of a tank or reservoir, with u/s liquid level below the top edge of the opening . The bottom edge of notch over which water flows is known as sill or crest. A notch is usually made of a metallic plate A notch is used to measure small discharge of small stream or canal. Notches are of small size. WIER A weir may be defined as a structure constructed across a river or canal to store water on the upstream side The top of the weir over which water flows is known as crest . A weir is made of cement concrete or masonary . A weir is used to measure large discharge of rivers and large canals . Weirsd are of bigger size.

8. GROUP MEMBERS NAME REG# USAMA PERVAIZ FA16-CHE-114 MUHAMMAD SHABAN FA16-CHE-074 AWAIS AHMED FA16-CHE-61 MUHAMMAD JHANZAIB FA16-CHE-112 MUHAMMAD BILAL FA16-CHE-039 MUHAMMAD UZAIR FA16-CHE- 37