Nrusing Research 1 Scope and limitation Significance of the study.pptx

Lecture Slides

1. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS Nelia S Bañaga – Perez, RN, PhD, DNS

2. What is S C O P E ? Scope refers to how far the research area has explored and parameters in with the study will be operating in. The type of information to be included in the scope of a research project would include facts and theories about the subject of the project.

3. The coverage of the study is in terms of: General purpose Population or sample Time or duration Subject matters and topics discussed Area or locality

4. Example: The scope of this study examines how a specialized wound care training program affects nurses' competence and pressure injury prevention . This study will concentrate on registered nurses providing patient care in a particular healthcare context. The research will evaluate nurses' theoretical and practical wound care competency before the intervention. RCTs will then be used to implement specific training. Nurses will be randomly allocated to the intervention group, getting specialist training, or the control group, receiving normal training. The training program's success will be assessed using pressure injury incidence and severity, nurses' self-reported competence, and patient satisfaction ratings. A long-term follow-up will analyze the durability of enhanced wound care nursing competence and its effects on pressure injury prevention. The research seeks to illuminate how nurse competence improves patient care and reduces pressure injuries in healthcare settings by focusing on this comparative context.

5. What Has Been Included... General purpose : examines how a specialized wound care training program affects nurses' competence and pressure injury prevention Subject matter : nurse competence Topics ( aspects) studied : specialized wound care training ---theoretical and practical wound care competency Population or sample : Bedside Nurses – ICU Nurses, Ward Nurses, Hospice Nurses Area or locality : Hospital Time or duration : 3 months

6. What is Limitation? Limitations , also known as the bounds, are influences that the researcher cannot control. They are the shortcomings , conditions or influences that cannot be controlled by the researcher that place restrictions on your methodology and conclusions. Any limitations that might influence the results should be mentioned.

7. delimitations Delimitations are choices made by the researcher which should be mentioned. They describe the boundaries that you have set for the study. This is the place to explain: the things that you are not doing (and why you have chosen not to do them). the literature you will not review (and why not). the population you are not studying (and why not). the methodological procedures you will not use (and why you will not use them).

8. Example The research's limited focus on a specific healthcare system and group of nurses may limit its generalizability. The results may not apply to all clinical situations or nursing groups. Additionally, the study period may not adequately represent the long-term effects of the specialized training program. Pressure injury prevention may need long-term monitoring to assess efficacy and effects. Additionally, research participant bias must be considered. Nurses who know they're in the intervention group may try harder, overestimating the program's success. This study aims to assess nurses' proficiency and its influence on patient outcomes. This research may not cover patient-specific risk variables or clinical practice modifications that may affect pressure injuries. The limitations emphasize the necessity for thorough analysis and interpretation of the results and suggest future research that should include a larger variety of situations and include longer-term assessments.

9. When considering what limitations there might be in your investigation, be thorough. Consider all of the following: your analysis the nature of self-reporting the instruments you utilized the sample time constraints

10. TOPIC : E-cigarette Kills SCOPE: LEVEL OF AWARENESS (PERCEPTION) OF ECIG USERS IN PCU-DASMA . LIMITATIONS: REFUSAL OF TARGET RESPONDENT TO BE INCLUDED IN THE STUDY. LIMITED TO ECIG USERS AGE 16 AND ABOVE. RESPONDENTS WHO USES TOBACCO CIGARETTES AT THE SAME TIME.

11. IMPORTANCE of limitations Always acknowledge a study‘s limitations. It is far better for you to identify and acknowledge your study's limitations than to have them pointed out by your professor and be graded down because you appear to have ignored them. Keep in mind that acknowledgement of a study' s limitations is an opportunity to make suggestions for further research.

12. Claiming limitations is a subjective process because you must evaluate the impact of those limitations. Don' t just list key weaknesses and the magnitude of a study’s limitations. Limitations require a critical, overall appraisal and interpretation of their impact. You should answer the question: do these problem with errors, methods, validity, etc. eventually matter and, if so, to what extent?

13. Descriptions of possible limitations All studies have limitations. However, it is important that you restrict your discussion to limitations related to the research problem under investigation. * Do not apologize for not addressing issues that you didn ’ t promise to investigate in your paper.

14. possible methodological limitations S a m p l e s i z e - th e num b e r o f th e un i t s of analysis you use in your study is dictated by the type of research problem you are investigating. Lack of available and/ or reliable data - lack of reliable data will likely require you to limit the scope of your analysis, the size of your sample, or it can be a significant obstacle in finding a trend and a meaningful relationship.

15. Lack of prior research studies o n the topic - citing prior research studies forms the basis of your literature review and helps lay a foundation for understanding the research problem you're investigating. M e a s u r e u s e d to collect the d a t a - sometimes, after completing your interpretation of the findings, you discover that the way you gathered data inhibited your ability to conduct a thorough analysis of the results.

16. Self- reported d a t a you are relying on - whether pre- existing s e l f - reported data or you are c ondu ct i n g a q u a l i t a ti v e r e s e a r c h s t u d y a n d ga t h e r i n g t h e da t a y ou r s e lf , s e l f - r e po r te d da t a is l im i t e d b y t h e f a c t t ha t i t r a r e l y c a n b e i nd e p e nd ent l y v erifie d .

17. possible limitations of the researcher Longitudinal effects - Be sure to choose a topic that does not require an excessive amount of time to complete the literature review, apply the methodology, and gather and interpret the results. C ul t u r a l a n d o t h e r t y p e o f b i a s - N o t e t h a t i f yo u d e t e c t bia s i n a pri o r resear c h , i t m u s t b e a c k n o w l edge d a n d m e a s u r e s take n s h o ul d b e e xp l ai n e d t o a v oi d perpet u ati n g bias . B ia s - when a person, place, or thing is viewed or shown in a consistently inaccurate way .

18. A c c e s s - if study depends on access to people, organizations, or reason, access is denied for whatever or limited, it needs to be described. Fl u e n c y i n a l a n g u a g e - i f y o u r r e s ea r c h f oc u s e s o n mea s ur i n g t h e perc e i v e d v alu e o f a f ter - sc h oo l t u tor i n g a m o n g Me xi c a n - Amer i c a n E S L s t u d e n t s , a n d y o u ' r e n o t fl u en t i n S pani s h , y o u ' r e l im i t e d i n b ei n g a b l e t o re a d a n d in te r p r e t S pa n is h l a n gu a g e r e s e ar c h s t u d ie s . T h i s d e f i c ie n c y sh o u l d b e a c kn ow l e dg e d .

19. when discussing limitations, be sure to... Describe each limitation in detailed but concise terms. Explain why each limitation exists. P ro v id e t h e r e a s o n s wh y ea c h l imi t a ti o n co u l d n ' t b e o v e r co m e u s i n g t h e me t h od/ s c h o s e n t o ga t he r t h e d a ta . Assess the impact of each limitation in relation to the overall findings and conclusions. describe how these point to the need of If appropriate, limitations could further research.

20. Writing tips We all want our academic work to be viewed as excellent and worthy of a good grade, but it is important that you understand and openly acknowledge the limitations of your study. Inflating the importance of your study' s findings in an attempt to hide its flaws is a big turn off to your readers. × Don' t inflate your f indings! th e im p o rta n ce of

21. × N eg a tive res ults a re not a lim ita tion! N e g a t i v e ev idence refers to findings that une x p e c te dl y c h a ll eng e r a t h e r t ha n s u pp o r t your hypothesis. If you didn't get the results you anticipated, it may mean your hypothesis was incorrect or you stumbled that warrants the trap of onto something unexpected further study. Don' t fall into thinking that results contrary to what you expected is a limitation to your study.

22. × S a m p l e size limitations in qualitative research Determining adequate sample size in qualitative research is ultimately a matter of judgment and experience in evaluating the quality of the information collected against the uses to which it will be applied and the particular research method and purposive sampling strategy employed.

23. Remember… Stating the study limitations not only provides extra credence to the study but provides the reader caution not to expect beyond what the study can and promises to d e l iv e r , not withstanding certain constraints.

24. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

25. The "Significance of the Study" section in a research paper or thesis serves several important purposes: Highlighting Importance: It explains why the research is important and why it matters. This section helps the reader understand the broader context of the study and its relevance to the field or discipline. Contextualizing the Problem: It provides context for the research problem or question. It helps the reader understand the background and the specific issue or gap in knowledge that the study aims to address.

26. Justification for Research: It offers a rationale for conducting the research. It explains why the research is needed, why the chosen topic is worth investigating, and what potential benefits or contributions it can make to existing knowledge. Identifying Research Gaps: It outlines the existing gaps in the literature or areas where previous research is limited. This can help justify the need for the current study and how it fills those gaps.

27. Addressing Practical Relevance: It discusses the practical implications of the research. This could include how the study's findings might inform policy, practice, or decision-making in a particular field or industry. Academic Contribution: It explains the academic or scholarly contribution of the research. This might involve adding to theoretical frameworks, confirming or challenging existing theories, or expanding the understanding of a specific phenomenon.

28. Guiding the Reader: It provides a roadmap for the reader, showing what they can expect to gain from reading the research paper. It helps set expectations about the significance of the findings. Ethical and Social Importance: In some cases, it may touch on the ethical and social importance of the research, particularly if it involves sensitive or socially relevant topics.

29. Motivation for Research: It conveys the researcher's motivation for pursuing the study. This can help the reader connect with the research on a personal level and understand why the researcher is invested in the topic. Funding and Support Justification: For research projects seeking funding or support, the significance of the study can serve as a basis for justifying the allocation of resources.

30. o Ways in Writing Significance of the Study: SOP Emphasize the Research Gap Relevance to Current Issues Practical Implications Theoretical Contribution Benefits to Stakeholders Addressing Unanswered Questions Innovation and Novelty Potential for Generalization Social or Ethical Relevance Personal or Passionate Connection

31. How to write the significance of the study from General to Specific? 1. Start with the Broader Field: Begin by providing a general context for your research. Discuss the overarching field or discipline your study belongs to and briefly mention any important trends, challenges, or developments in that field. This sets the stage for the reader and helps them understand the larger context. 2. Move to the Specific Area: Next, narrow down your focus to the specific subfield or area of interest within the broader field. Explain why this specific area is relevant or important. Mention key issues or gaps in knowledge that are commonly encountered in this area.

32. How to write the significance of the study from General to Specific? 3. Highlight Research Trends: Discuss any recent research trends, findings, or debates related to your specific area of interest. Explain how your research contributes to or builds upon these trends. Mention any emerging questions or concerns that your study addresses. 4. Identify the Research Problem: Transition to the identification of the research problem or gap. Specify the problem you aim to address, making it clear and concise. Explain why this problem is significant and relevant within the context you've established.

33. How to write the significance of the study from General to Specific? 5. Relate to Previous Research: Discuss relevant studies or literature that have explored similar or related issues. Highlight any limitations or gaps in these previous studies that your research intends to fill. Show how your study extends or builds upon existing research. 6. Discuss Potential Benefits: Explain the potential benefits of solving or addressing the research problem. Consider the practical, theoretical, or social implications of your findings. How might your research contribute to better understanding, decision-making, or practice in the field?

34. How to write the significance of the study from General to Specific? 7. Specify the Scope: Outline the scope and boundaries of your study. Clarify what your research will and will not cover. This helps the reader understand the limitations and focus of your work. 8. Summarize the Significance: Summarize the significance of your study in a clear and concise manner. Restate why your research is important and what it brings to the field. This is your opportunity to make a compelling case for why your study matters.

35. How to write the significance of the study from General to Specific? 9. Transition to Research Questions or Objectives: Conclude the significance section by smoothly transitioning into your research questions or objectives. Explain how these questions or objectives are directly aligned with addressing the identified research problem and contributing to the significance of your study.

36. SIMPLEST WAY OF DOING A JOURNAL APPRAISAL Read the Abstract Examine the Introduction Evaluate the Methodology Review the Results Assess the Discussion Check the References Consider the Author(s) Reflect on Relevance Overall Appraisal: Formulate an overall judgment about the quality and relevance of the journal article. Consider whether the study's methodology and findings are robust and trustworthy. Take Notes

37. Summarize Your Appraisal: Write a concise summary of your appraisal, highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of the article. Make a recommendation regarding the article's suitability for your research or its contribution to the field.

38. — Charles F. Kettering “Research means that you don’t know, but are willing to find out”