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1. Drug Education and National Security Concern

2. AIR MAIL AIR MAIL I n t r o AIR MAIL Lesson 1: The Nature of Drugs, Drug Abuse and the National Situation

3. AIR MAIL AIR MAIL i d e n t i T y AIR MAIL Reporters : BSED-English

4. A drug is a chemical substance used in the treatment, cure, prevention, or diagnosis of disease or used to otherwise enhance physical or mental well-being. AIR MAIL AIR MAIL What is drug?

5. T i c k e t T i c k e t How are drugs administered?

6. hello.... Route ORAL PARENTERAL TOPICAL PULMONARY AIR MAIL AIR MAIL

7. Oral -having a person swallow drug Enteral -Administered through enteral tube Sublingual- Placing the drug under the tongue Buccal -Placing the drug between the cheek and gums 1 2 3 4 5

8. Parenteral –Injecting drugs into Subcutaneous -Subcutaneous tissue Intramuscular-Muscle tissue Intradermal- Under the epidermis Intravenous-Vein 1 2 3 4 5

9. Topical – Relating or applied directly to a part of a body Vaginal- Vagina Rectal- Rectum Skin Application- Transdermal patch 1 2 3 4 5

10. Pulmonary –having person inhale drugs 1 2 3 4 5

11. Medicine Peer pressure Loss Boost Stamina Enhance Physical Appearance Why do people turn to drugs?

12. What is drugs? Drug Abuse is the use of chemical substance, licit or illicit, which results in an individual’s physical, mental, or social impairment. Using without benefit Using for different purpose Using without legit medical application

13. Substances like glue, paint thinners, gasoline and other volatile (breathable) solvents contain a variety of dangerous chemicals. Similarly, tobacco has a chemical called nicotine that gives you a little rush of pleasure and energy. The effect can wear off fast and leave you wanting more. You can abuse and get addicted to the nicotine in cigarettes, just like other drugs such as 0TC drugs for cough and cold medicine that have dextromethorphan, which in high doses can make you feel drunk or intoxicated. Are there products other than drugs ever abused?

14. a. Stimulants drugs which increase alertness and physical disposition. Examples: amphetamine, Cocaine, caffeine, nicotine What drugs that are commonly abused?

15. b.Hallucinogens (Psychedelics) – drugs which affect sensation, thinking, self-awareness and emotion. Changes in time and space perception, delusions (false belief) and hallucinations may be mild or overwhelming, depending on dose and quantity of the drug. mescaline, and marijuana Examples: lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), mescaline, and marijuana What drugs that are commonly abused?

16. C. Sedatives - drugs which may reduce anxiety and excitement Examples: barbiturates, non-barbiturates, tranquilizers, alcohol What drugs that are commonly abused?

17. d. Narcotics - drugs that relieve pain and often induce sleep Examples: opium and its derivatives such as morphine, heroin, codeine What drugs that are commonly abused?

18. Anyone can be a drug abuser. Drug abuse is no respecter of age, sex and social status. t is very difficult to come up with an accurate profile of a drug abuser that can be applied to all because people are different in many ways. Who is a drug abuser?

19. A lot of changes- in behavior, in appearance and in mood Warning signs of drug abuse Physical • Bloodshot eyes, pupils larger or smaller than usual • Changes in appetite or sleep patterns. Sudden weight loss or weight gain • Deterioration of physical appearance, personal grooming habits • Unusual smells on breath, body, or clothing • Tremors, slurred speech, or impaired coordination How can you tell when one is abusing drugs?

20. Behavioral • Drop in attendance and performance at work or school • Unexplained need for 1 money or financial problems. May borrow or steal to get it. • Engaging in secretive or suspicious behaviors • Sudden change in friends, favorite hangouts, and hobbies • Frequently getting into trouble (fights, accidents, illegal activities) How can you tell when one is abusing drugs?

21. Psychological Unexplained change in personality or attitude Sudden mood swings, irritability, or angry outbursts Periods of unusual hyperactivity, agitation, or giddiness Lack of motivation; appears lethargic or "spaced out” Appears fearful, anxious, or paranoid, with no reason How can you tell when one is abusing drugs?

22. Three major abused drugs dominate the drug scene in the Philippines: Methamphetamine commonly known as "Shabu", Marijuana, and Methylene Dioxymethamphe-tamine (MDMA) or Ecstacy . Shabu Effects: Short-term The effects are similar to cocaine but last longer- 4 to 16 hours. • Heightened attention and energy •Excessive talking The National Situation: Common Abused Drugs

23. •Euphoria, decreased fatigue • Increased activity, increased sexuality • Decreased appetite • Increased respiration Long-term • Dependence • Anxiety, confusion, and insomnia • Addiction psychosis, Paranoia •Hallucinations, visual and auditory 1. Shabu

24. • Mood disturbances • Repetitive motor activity •Weight loss • Violent behavior, homicidal or suicidal thoughts •Crank bugs'- Formication (sensation of insects creeping on the skin) causing users to pick at themselves causing ulcerations on the hand and arms. • Disturbed sleep patterns; decreased sleep needs • Disinterest in usual social interactions, sex, food 1. Shabu

25. Physical and Mental: A sense of intense wellbeing (euphoria) Heightened sensitivity Increased physical and emotional energy Sweating Ataxia, or the loss of full control of bodily movements Blurred or double vision Mild intoxication 2. Ecstasy

26. Muscle tension Insomnia Memory loss Anxiety Paranoia Loss of appetite Rapid mood swings Depression Psychosis Cardiovascular collapse 2. Ecstasy

27. Effects: Marijuana over activates parts of the brain that contain the highest number of brain cell receptors. This causes the "high" that people feel. Other effects include: altered senses (for example, seeing brighter colors) altered sense of time changes in mood impaired body movement difficulty with thinking and problem-solving impaired memory hallucinations (when taken in high doses) delusions (when taken in high doses) psychosis (risk is highest with regular use of high potency marijuana) 3. Marijuana

28. 1.Why the big outcry? Drugs aren't really a big problem. The fact is . ... . They are a huge problem, the gravity of which is becoming ever more apparent every day. Millions of drug users worldwide abuse all kinds of illegal substances. These people harm their health and well-being and endanger their chances of a healthy and productive life. Myth versus Fact: Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking

29. 2. "Recreational" use of drugs is not harmful. The fact is... All illegal drugs are dangerous and cause physical and psychological change in the user. Prolonged drug use exacerbates these harmful effects that can lead to addiction. The health hazards of these drugs are very real and, for much the same reason, prescription drugs should always be properly administered and used only at the discretion of a physician . Myth versus Fact: Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking

30. 3. Marijuana is no worse than using alcohol or tobacco. The fact is..... Marijuana is dangerous. Unlike alcohol, which usually leaves the body within 24 hours because it is water-soluble. Marijuana is a fat-soluble, which means that the psycho-active chemicals attached themselves to the fatty parts of the body and be detected up to thirty (30) days after initial use. Extensive research has indicated that marijuana: Impairs short-term memory and slows learning; Interferes with normal reproductive functions; Adversely affects heart functions; Serious effects on perception and skilled performance, such as driving and other complex tasks involving judgment or fine motor skills; and Impairs lung and respiratory functions. Myth versus Fact: Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking

31. 3. Marijuana is no worse than using alcohol or tobacco. The fact is..... Impairs short-term memory and slows learning; Interferes with normal reproductive functions; Adversely affects heart functions; Serious effects on perception and skilled performance, such as driving and other complex tasks involving judgment or fine motor skills; and Impairs lung and respiratory functions. Myth versus Fact: Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking

32. 4. Everybody is taking drugs. The fact is.... This common argument is used by drug users in an effort to gain acceptability for their deviant behavior. Peer pressure is always difficult to cope with and it takes more courage and strength to stand up for what you know is right, and to resist drugs, when friends try to convince you that "everybody is doing it". In fact, everybody is not using drugs; those who use them are far less likely to have happy and productive lives than those who remain drug-free. Myth versus Fact: Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking

33. 5. Only weak individuals become addicts. The fact is ..... The reverse is true. Addicts become weak individuals. No one begins taking drugs with the aim of becoming addicted. People take drugs for a variety of reasons, including to escape from reality, to cope with daily life, or to be accepted by others. Drugs are very seductive because, in most cases, they initially provide what the user is seeking. The drug addict often becomes so obsessed with attaining more of the drug that he or she will exhaust Myth versus Fact: Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking

34. 5. Only weak individuals become addicts. The fact is ..... money and assets, ruin marriage and family life, and lose a career before admitting to addiction, because of the view that only weak individuals become addicts. Addiction is a difficult disease to accept. Myth versus Fact: Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking

35. 6. Peddling drugs is one way the poor can earn money. The fact is. .... Most drug peddlers are addicts or become addicts. The money they earn does not help them or their families, they are merely supporting a drug habit. As their addiction deepens, new "clients" must be found to bring in more money to buy more drugs. Myth versus Fact: Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking

36. The Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act Of 2002 REPUBLIC ACT N0.9165- An act instituting the Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002, repealing Republic Act no. 6425, otherwise known as the Dangerous Drugs Act of 1972, as amended, providing funds therefor, and for other purposes. This acts as a roadmap to enforcing the country's dangerous substance prevention and regulation, and leads us in the best approach to substance oriented İssues

37. The Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act Of 2002 REPUBLIC ACT N0.9165- 1. What are the common responsibilities of CHED and TESDA? a. Provide continuing i n-service training of teachers on the effective utilization of RA 9165, Article IV mandates the following functions: the support instructional materials and on teaching strategies on drug b. Continuously monitor and evaluate the effectiveness and overall impact of drug education. C Secure funds from local and foreign donors for the implementation of the drug education program.

38. The Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act Of 2002 REPUBLIC ACT N0.9165- 1. What are the common responsibilities of CHED and TESDA? c. Secure funds from local and foreign donors for the implementation of the drug education program.

39. The Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act Of 2002 REPUBLIC ACT N0.9165- 2 . What are the other functions of CHED and TESDA regarding drug abuse prevention? The CHED is responsible for: a. Enriching and updating the integration of dangerous drug prevention concept in the offerings and in the general education of all higher education courses professional courses, especially in health-related and science education programs.

40. The Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act Of 2002 REPUBLIC ACT N0.9165- 3. Should drug abuse prevention and control be part of the school curricula? Yes, Article IV, Section 43 of RA 9165 stipulates that instruction on drug and prevention and control shall be integrated in the elementary, secondary and tertiary general, technical, vocational or curricula of all public and private schools, whether gen agro-industrial as well as in non-formal, and indigenous learning systems.

41. The Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act Of 2002 REPUBLIC ACT N0.9165- 4. What are the topics on drug abuse prevention and control that should be integrated in the instruction? According to Article IV, Section 43. the following topics should be covered: a. Adverse effects of the abuse and misuse of dangerous drugs on the person, the family, the school and the community; b. Preventive measures against drug abuse; c Health, socio-cultural, psychological, legal and economic dimensions and implications of the drug problem;

42. The Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act Of 2002 REPUBLIC ACT N0.9165- 4. What are the topics on drug abuse prevention and control that should be integrated in the instruction? d. Steps to take when intervention on behalf of a drug dependent is needed, as well as the services available for the treatment and rehabilitation of drug dependents; and e. Misconceptions about the use of dangerous drugs such as, but not limited to, the importance and safety of dangerous drugs for medical and therapeutic use as well as the differentiation between medical patients and drug dependents in order to avoid confusion and accidental stigmatization in the consciousness of the students.

43. AIR MAIL AIR MAIL I n t r o AIR MAIL Lesson 2: The Youth and Government’s Response to the Drug Problem: A Timeline and Overview

44. B. Legislation for illicit drug control 1. 1972 - The Dangerous Drug Act was established 2. 2002 - The Comprehensive Dangerous

45. C. Government Response to the Problem 1. Preventive education program 2. Treatment and rehabilitation program 3. Intensified campaigns against illegal drugs and trafficking 4. Judicial and legislative measures 5. National, regional and international cooperation to fight illegal trafficking and abuse of dangerous drugs 6. Drug testing 7. Drug Information and Action Line

46. D. 10 Ways to Say No to Drugs  1. Be vocal, just say "NO° to drugs and mean it. 2. Project an image of a clean living for yourself 3. Get into sports 4. Choose your friends and influence them positively 5. Get involved into community-based projects 6. Join organization (church, school, community, or social) or youth clubs or form your drama group 7. Learn how to manage stress 8. Join seminars on anti-drug abuse prevention 9. Talk to your family, listen to the problems of your sisters and brotL . 10. Enhance your talent and skills by taking part on workshops, trainings or seminars

47. D. 10 Ways to Say No to Drugs 8. Join seminars on anti-drug abuse prevention 9. Talk to your family, listen to the problems of your sisters and brotL . 10. Enhance your talent and skills by taking part on workshops, trainings or seminars

48. As responsible youth of today, be strong and always remember: S- teadfast T- rustworthy in words and in deed R- espectable in relating with others 0- utstanding N- oble character G- ustly actions and ideals

49. AIR MAIL AIR MAIL I n t r o AIR MAIL Lesson 3: Concept of National Security

50. Many security threats to the Philippines are non-military in nature. Pressing security concerns like terrorism, poverty, and environmental degradation, need to be addressed in an informed and intelligent manner. Internal Threats. In its internal aspect, national security relates to the defense of the nation's government against hostile local elements seeking its replacement with their own government. In this sense, national security refers to the measure aimed at countering domestic or internal challenges to the existing political and socio-economic order. Threats to National Security

51. Internal Threats: 1. Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) - the MILF in constructive peace negotiation, the armed activities of the group continue to be a source of serious concern, particularly the build-up its defensive and offensive capabilities. Hand in hand with this security problem is the threat from the Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG), a small band of highly mobile terrorists with suspected links to international networks. Threats to National Security

52. Internal Threats: 2. The Communist Party of the Philippines/New People's Army/National Democratic Front (CPP/NPA/NDF) continuous serious threat to national security, although presently weakened in comparison with their peak strength in t the period 1985-87. Threats to National Security

53. Internal Threats: 3. Organized crime - is a national security concern. The challenge of illegal drugs particular, has grown into a major threat to the national community. Threats to National Security

54. Internal Threats: 4. Grave incidence of poverty -is also a serious threat to national security, especially to the extent that it breeds rebellion, crime and dissidence. Poverty incidence affects about one-third (1/3) of Filipino nationwide. Threats to National Security

55. Internal Threats: 5. Economic sabotage- undermines the market economy, the financial system and the nation's resources. Under this category are underground activities such as counterfeiting money laundering, large-scale smuggling, inter-oceanic poaching and commercial dumping. Threats to National Security

56. Internal Threats: 6. Graft and corruption -has become another threat to our national security by virtue of the huge scale by which it saps public resources, undermines the morale of the civil service and affects the delivery of quality basic services. 7. Severe calamities - causes serious food shortages, abet hoarding and profiteering tool stands at more than 13,000 lives lost and p179 Billion worth of property destroyed. Threats to National Security

57. Internal Threats: 8. Persistent environment degradation -poses a long term security threat. The attrition of forest and watersheds, air-land-water pollution and the proliferation of toxic substances are a cause of sickness, death and the diminution of national productivity and well-being. Threats to National Security

58. External Threats In its external aspect, national security is concerned with safeguarding the state against outside or foreign forces, pressures, or influence designed to conquer it or undermine its sovereignty, or placing under the domination or control of some foreign states. In this sense, national security embraces the defense arrangements directed at insuring the safety of the state against foreign intervention or domination. Threats to National Security

59. External Threats 1. The multi-lateral dispute over the Spratly Island, is a source of intermittent tensions, owing to the buildup structures, believed to be military -oriented, by some claimant countries in the area. 2. The smuggling firearms and contraband, illegal migration and occasional movement of foreign terrorists through the porous borders of our southwestern frontier have elicited transnational concern. Philippine law enforcement agencies work closely with international police organizations, bilaterally and multilaterally, to check these activities. Threats to National Security

60. External Threats 3. The lingering effects of the currency crisis affecting the countries within the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) are a cause of regional anxieties which tend to aggravate the political instabilities and socio-economic dislocations involving the poorest people. 4. The serious economic disparity between rich and poor nations keeps the world in a state of instability and virtually on the brink of war in many places. Threats to National Security

61. Types of Threats 1. Rebellion or Insurrection - a refusal to obedience or order. It may, therefore, be seen as encompassing a range of behaviors from civil disobedience and mass nonviolent resistance, to violent and organized attempts, to destroy an established authority such as the government. 2. Terrorism - the unlawful use of violence and intimidation, especially against civilians, in the pursuit of political aims. Threats to National Security

62. Types of Threats 3. Murder - the unlawful killing of another human without justification or valid excuse, especially the unlawful killing of another human with malice aforethought. This state of mind may, depending upon the jurisdiction, distinguish murder from other forms of unlawful homicide, such as manslaughter. 4. Kidnapping and serious illegal detention - is taking away or transportation of a person against the person's will, usually to hold the person in false imprisonment, a confinement without legal authority. Threats to National Security

63. Types of Threats 5. Hijacking/highway robbery - a crime of taking or attempting to take something of value by force or threat of force and or by putting the victim in fear. Threats to National Security

64. Behavioral • Drop in attendance and performance at work or school • Unexplained need for 1 money or financial problems. May borrow or steal to get it. • Engaging in secretive or suspicious behaviors • Sudden change in friends, favorite hangouts, and hobbies • Frequently getting into trouble (fights, accidents, illegal activities) How can you tell when one is abusing drugs?

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