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1. NURS FPX 6026 Assessment 2 Biopsychosocial Population Health Policy Proposal
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Capella University
NURS-FPX6026
Professor Name
Date
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NURS FPX 6026 Assessment 2

2. Biopsychosocial Population Health Policy Proposal
Postpartum depression (PPD) among Latina expectant mothers presents a critical public health
challenge that can negatively impact maternal and infant health outcomes. National estimates
suggest that PPD affects approximately one in eight women, but prevalence is notably higher
among women of color, with Latinas experiencing rates as high as 37% compared to 10 to 15%
in the general population (Ponting et al., 2020; Sampson et al., 2018). Despite this
disproportionate risk, diagnosis and treatment among Latinas remain less than optimal. Many
existing screening tools, including the widely used Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale
(EPDS), were originally validated on predominantly White populations and may not adequately
reflect the lived experiences or cultural expressions of symptoms among women of color. Latina
women often encounter unique challenges, including immigration-related stress, cultural stigma,
and linguistic barriers, which can further obscure accurate screening and early treatment. While
the EPDS remains useful in clinical settings, the integration of community health workers
(CHWs) into the care process can serve as a powerful addition to improve both detection and
culturally appropriate management of PPD.
CHWs are trusted members of the communities they serve, often sharing common cultural,
linguistic, and socioeconomic identities with their patients (Early et al., 2016). Their ability to
bridge gaps between health systems and marginalized populations makes them particularly
valuable in addressing disparities in maternal mental health. In Latino communities, CHWs have
historically provided education, advocacy, and navigation of healthcare resources, building trust
in populations that may otherwise avoid or delay care. By incorporating CHWs into
interprofessional maternal health teams, healthcare systems can strengthen culturally responsive
care, increase early identification of depressive symptoms, and improve long-term maternal and
infant outcomes.
Proposed Policy
The proposed policy seeks to integrate CHWs into interprofessional obstetric care teams to
enhance screening, referral, and treatment of PPD in Latina expectant mothers. The primary
objective is to improve identification of depressive symptoms and provide timely connections to
resources tailored to the unique needs of this population. CHWs will collaborate with providers
to implement a patient-centered approach, facilitating access to culturally relevant services and
psychosocial support (Lutenbacher et al., 2018). Ideal candidates for CHW roles will be women
from the local community who share racial, cultural, and linguistic identities with the patients
they serve. Strong communication and problem-solving skills, combined with knowledge of
community resources, are essential to maximize their effectiveness.
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3. Studies indicate that depressive symptoms affect between 20% and 38% of Latina women in
states such as California, Florida, and Massachusetts, underscoring the need for systematic and
culturally sensitive interventions (Lutenbacher et al., 2018). Without timely care, untreated PPD
can interfere with maternal-infant bonding and lead to negative developmental outcomes.
Through proactive engagement, CHWs can help reduce these risks by fostering trust, reducing
stigma, and ensuring continuity of care.
Interprofessional Approach
The integration of CHWs into interprofessional healthcare teams will occur primarily within
obstetrics practices. When Latina expectant mothers score 8 or higher on the EPDS, they will be
referred to a CHW by their obstetrician or primary nurse. The CHW will collaborate with
physicians, nurses, social workers, counselors, and lactation consultants to deliver coordinated
support. During the third trimester, CHWs will meet with expectant mothers to administer the
EPDS, develop a readiness plan, and identify sources of support for the postpartum period.
Following delivery, CHWs will continue engagement through home visits or telephonic follow-
ups, ensuring that mothers remain connected to care and that any emerging PPD symptoms are
promptly addressed.
This model not only enhances the continuity of care but also addresses broader social
determinants of health that contribute to maternal stress. By providing culturally sensitive
psychosocial support and facilitating access to community resources, CHWs create a more
comprehensive care model that promotes both maternal and neonatal well-being. Their role in
building rapport and establishing ongoing communication ensures that Latina mothers remain
supported throughout the vulnerable postpartum period.
Policy Recommendations
A sustainable approach to integrating CHWs can be achieved through partnerships with existing
community-based programs. The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants,
and Children (WIC) represents a promising avenue. WIC supports low-income women and
children up to age five by providing supplemental nutrition, education, and healthcare referrals.
Many WIC staff are bilingual and already familiar with serving Latina mothers, making them
well positioned to expand their role as CHWs (Koleilat et al., 2020). Collaborations between
obstetric practices and local WIC offices could allow for CHWs to be embedded directly within
care teams, increasing accessibility and minimizing costs. In addition, WIC’s ongoing peer
support, nutrition, and wellness classes can serve as additional resources promoted by CHWs
during prenatal and postpartum visits.
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4. Conclusion
The biopsychosocial complexity of PPD highlights the need for multifaceted and culturally
responsive strategies in maternal care. Latina women face disproportionately high rates of PPD
and significant barriers to timely treatment, yet their care has historically been shaped by tools
and frameworks that inadequately address their cultural experiences. The inclusion of
community health workers into interprofessional care teams represents a practical and effective
policy solution that addresses these gaps. By fostering trust, enhancing screening, and ensuring
access to resources, CHWs can play a pivotal role in improving outcomes for Latina mothers and
their children. As healthcare systems aim to reduce disparities and promote equity, this policy
offers a promising path toward healthier mothers, healthier infants, and stronger communities.
References
Early, J., Burke-Winkelmann, S., & Joshi, A. (2016). On the front lines of prevention:
Promotores de salud and their role in improving primary care for Latina women, families, and
communities. Global Journal of Health Education and Promotion, 17(2), 58.
https://doi.org/10.18666/GJHEP-2016-V17-I2-7130
Koleilat, M., Kim, L. P., Cortes, B., & Kodjebacheva, G. D. (2020). Perceived motivators,
barriers and intervention strategies related to weight loss after childbirth among WIC participants
in Southern California. American Journal of Health Promotion, 34(3), 294–302.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0890117119895948
Lutenbacher, M., Elkins, T., Dietrich, M. S., & Riggs, A. (2018). The efficacy of using peer
mentors to improve maternal and infant health outcomes in Hispanic families: Findings from a
randomized clinical trial. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 22(Suppl 1), 92–104.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-018-2532-z
Ponting, C., Chavira, D. A., Ramos, I., Christensen, W., Guardino, C., & Dunkel Schetter, C.
(2020). Postpartum depressive symptoms in low-income Latinas: Cultural and contextual
contributors. Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology, 26(4), 544–556.
https://doi.org/10.1037/cdp0000325
Sampson, M., Torres, M. I. M., Duron, J., & Davidson, M. (2018). Latina immigrants’ cultural
beliefs about postpartum depression. Affilia, 33(2), 208–220.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0886109917738745
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