Nursing Management of Patients with PYLORIC STENOSIS.pptx

Pyloric stenosis is a narrowing of the opening from the stomach to the first part of the small intestine. Symptoms include projectile vomiting without the presence of bile This most often occurs after the baby is fed. The typical age that symptoms become obvious is two to twelve weeks old.

The cause of pyloric stenosis is unclear. Risk factors in babies include birth by caesarean section, preterm birth, bottle feeding, and being first born. The diagnosis may be made by feeling an olive-shaped mass in the baby's abdomen. This is often confirmed with ultrasound.
Treatment initially begins by correcting dehydration and electrolyte problems. This is then typically followed by surgery, although some treat the condition without surgery by using atropine. Results are generally good both in the short term and in the long term.

1. PYLORIC STENOSIS PREPARED BY :- Prof. BLESSY THOMAS, VICE PRINCIPAL FNCON, SPN

2. INTRODUCTION A muscular valve between the stomach and small intestine holds food in the stomach until it is ready for the next stage in the digestive process. This valve is called the pylorus valve. In pyloric stenosis, the pylorus muscles thicken and become abnormally large, blocking food from reaching the small intestine. Pyloric stenosis is a narrowing of the opening from the stomach to the first part of the small intestine (the pylorus).

3. DEFINITION It is also known as Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenos / Gastric out let obstruction Pyloric condition is a narrowing of the pylorus the opening from the stomach into small intestine. The full medical term for this condition is hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS): Hypertrophic refers to hypertrophy, which means thickening. Pyloric refers to the pylorus. Stenosis means narrowing.

4. INCIDENCE Occurs more often in boys than in girls’ case in children older than 6 months.

5. CAUSES Idiopathic Hereditary Due to systemic causes

6. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Due to etiologic factors Thanking of pylorus Prevents stomach fem emptying small intestine Clinical manifestations

7. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS Vomiting after or during feeding Forceful vomiting Hungry after vomiting Abdominal Pain Constant hunger Dehydration Fallow to gain weight or weight loss Wave like motion of the abdomen Shortly after feeding and just before vomiting

8. DIAGNOSTIC MEASURES HC, PF Ultrasound of abdomen Barium X-Ray Electrolytic

9. MEDICAL MANAGEMENT There is no specific medical management. Symptomatic treatment is an be done.

10. Surgical Management Pyloromyotomy - Surgeon cut through the outside layer of the thickened pylorus muscle, allowing the inner lining to bulge out thus opens a channel for food to pass through to the small intestine it can be done through laparoscope After surgery administrative IV fluids for few hours Feeding through gastrointestinal tube for few days if no complication.

11. NURSING DIAGNOSIS 1. Acute pain in stomach 2. Imbalanced nutrition’s status 3. Fluid and electrolytic balance 4. Potential fir complications

12. COMPLICATIONS Infection GI bleeding Weight loss

13. CONCLUSION Pyloric stenosis is a narrowing of the opening from the stomach to the first part of the small intestine. Symptoms include projectile vomiting without the presence of bile This most often occurs after the baby is fed. The typical age that symptoms become obvious is two to twelve weeks old.

14. The cause of pyloric stenosis is unclear. Risk factors in babies include birth by caesarean section, preterm birth, bottle feeding, and being first born. The diagnosis may be made by feeling an olive-shaped mass in the baby's abdomen. This is often confirmed with ultrasound. Treatment initially begins by correcting dehydration and electrolyte problems. This is then typically followed by surgery, although some treat the condition without surgery by using atropine. Results are generally good both in the short term and in the long term.

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