OB Ppt Organization Behaviour in 1st sem mBA

OB Ppt Organization Behaviour in 1st sem mBA

1. Understanding Organization Structure An organization's structure defines the hierarchy, reporting relationships, and distribution of authority within a company. Understanding the different types of structures can help businesses optimize their operations and decision-making processes.

2. Functional Structure Organizes employees based on specialized roles or functions, such as marketing, finance, HR, and production. Features Departmentalization by Function : The organization is divided into departments such as marketing, finance, human resources, production, and R&D. Each department focuses on its specialized tasks. Hierarchy and Authority : There is a clear hierarchy within each department, with managers overseeing the work of employees. The chain of command is straightforward, with each employee reporting to a single manager. Specialization : Employees within a department have similar skills and expertise, allowing for a high level of specialization and proficiency in their specific area. Efficiency : Since similar tasks are grouped together, it can lead to greater efficiency and productivity within each function.

3. Divisional Structure Divides the organization into semi-autonomous units or divisions, each focused on a particular product line, market, or geographical region. Semi-Autonomous Divisions : Each division functions independently and has its own resources, such as human resources, marketing, finance, and production. 2 . Product, Market, or Geographic Focus : Divisions are typically organized around specific products, customer segments, or geographic locations. 3. Decentralized Decision-Making : Each division has the authority to make decisions related to its specific area, leading to faster and more relevant responses to market changes. 4. Central Corporate Headquarters : The central headquarters oversees the overall strategy and coordinates among the divisions, but the day-to-day operations are managed within the divisions. Features

4. Matrix Structure Combines functional and divisional structures, creating a grid where employees report to both functional managers and project or product managers. Features Dual Reporting Relationships : Employees report to both a functional manager (who oversees their technical expertise) and a project or product manager (who oversees their work on specific projects or products). 2. Interdisciplinary Teams : Teams are composed of members from different functional departments working together on projects or products. 3. Shared Resources : Resources such as personnel, equipment, and information are shared across projects and functional departments. 4. Dynamic and Flexible : The structure is adaptable to changes in project needs, market demands, and organizational goals.

5. Network Structure A more modern and flexible structure where the organization outsources various functions to external entities or collaborates with other organizations. Characteristics of Network Structure: Decentralized Decision-Making : - Authority is distributed across the network rather than centralized at the top. - Promotes autonomy at all levels, encouraging initiative and quicker decision-making. 2. External Collaborations : - Involves extensive partnerships with external entities such as suppliers, contractors, and consultants. - Often outsources non-core functions to specialized external partners. 3. Flexibility and Agility : - The structure is designed to be highly responsive to changes in the market or environment. - Can quickly adapt or reconfigure itself to meet new challenges and opportunities. 4. Technology-Driven Communication : - Relies heavily on advanced communication technologies to facilitate seamless interaction among network members. - Supports real-time information sharing and collaboration across different geographical locations.

6. Hierarchical Structure A traditional pyramid-shaped structure with a clear chain of command from top to bottom. Characteristics of Hierarchical Structure: Clear Chain of Command : Each level of the hierarchy has a distinct level of authority, with the top level holding the most power and each subsequent level having less. - Employees report to a specific manager, who in turn reports to their superior. 2. Specialized Roles : - Employees have specific roles and responsibilities, which helps in developing expertise in their particular functions. - Departments are typically divided based on function (e.g., marketing, finance, HR). 3. Levels of Management : - The hierarchy is divided into multiple levels of management, including top-level (executives), middle-level (managers), and lower-level (supervisors and employees).