oesophagus anatomy easy to understand ppt(college level)

Oesophagus ppt
Easy to understand anatomy

1. OESOPHAGUS

2. Introduction Long narrow mascular tube Route Start at Lower part of neck at lower border of cricoid cartilage(C6) Descend infront of Vertebrae column Through sup. And posterior of mediastinum Pierce Diaphragm (T10) End at Opening of stomach (T11) Length 25 cm Width 2 cm Dimensions: It’s flattened anteroposteriorly .

• Normally it’s kept closed (collapsed) and opens (dilates) only during the passage of the food. Lumen

3. Parts of oesophagus

4. CERVICAL PART RELATIONS Anteriorly, it is related to:

(a) Trachea
(b) Recurrent laryngeal nerve

Posteriorly, it is related to:

(a) Prevertebral fascia
(b) Longus colli muscles
©Vertebral column.

On each side, it is related to:

(a) Lobe of the thyroid gland
(b) Common carotid artery
© Thoracic duct on the left side.

5. Relations of thoracic part of oesophagus 1 Trachea

2 Right pulmonary artery

3 Left bronchus

4 Pericardium with left atrium

5 The diaphragm Anteriorly 1 Vertebral column

2 Right posterior intercostal arteries

3 Thoracic duct

4 Azygos vein with the terminal parts of the hemi-azygos veins

5 Thoracic aorta

6 Right pleural recess

7 Diaphragm 1 Right lung and pleura

2 Azygos vein

3 The right vagus 1 Aortic arch

2 Left subclavian artery 3 Thoracic duct

4 Left lung and pleura

5 Left recurrent laryngeal nerve, all in the superior mediastinum

In the posterior mediastinum, it is related to:

1 The descending thoracic aorta

2 The left lung and mediastinal pleura Posteriorly Right Left

6. Anterior Posterior

7. Right Left

8. Abdominal part relations Anterior:

1. Posterior surface of the left lobe of the liver
2. Anterior gastric nerve

Posterior:

1. Left crus of diaphragm
2. Posterior gastric nerve

9. CURVATURES Two side to side Toward left Anteroposterior Corresponding cruvatures 1)Cervical spine 2) Thoracic spine 1) Root of neck 2) T7 Vertebra

10. CONSTRICTIONS Cervical C6 15 cm Aortic T4 22.5 cm Bronchial T6 27.5 cm Diaphragmatic T10 40 cm Four constriction Clinical importance?

11. Artery supply

12. Vein supply

13. Nerve supply Vagus nerve and spinal nerve

14. Lymph nodes

15. HISTOLOGY Mucosa membrane Epithelium lamina propria muscularis mucosa Submucosa Oesophageal glands Muscularis externa (muscular layer) Upper1/3: skeletal Middle1/3: skeletal+smooth Lower1/3: smooth Adventitial (fibrous membrane) Connective tissue

16. Sphincter of esophagus

17. CLINICAL ANATOMY

18. Test methods

19. Enlargement of LA Carcinoma Oesophageal varices Achalasia cardia Oesophageal stricture

20. Tracheoesophageal fistula Oesophageal stricture