Ointment and cream by Anik

Topical Dosage Form especially Ointmet and Cream.

1. Ointment Cream Topical Dosage Forms Presented By Name ID Md. Tanvir Hossain UG08-23-13-032 Ariful Islam UG08-23-13-033 Afroza Aktar Mita UG08-23-13-035 Md. Monir Ahmed UG08-23-13-013

2. Topical Dosage Forms A topical dosage form A pplied to body surfaces such as the skin . Contain one or more active ingredients uniformly dispersed in a base . Example: Ointment, cream, gel, lotion etc. Ideal Criteria Should not irritant or sensitize the skin. Should not delay wound healing. It should be smooth, inert, odorless, physically and chemically stable. Compatible with both the skin and the active ingredients. Should be easily spreadable to apply on the skin. Should be sterile.

3. Classification Solid Dusting powders Transdermal patch Semi-solid Ointment Cream Paste Gels Poultice Plasters Liquid Lotions Suspension Eye drops N asal drops E ar drops paint

4. Ointment An ointment is Used for external application to the skin or mucous membranes. Homogeneous, semi-solid preparation. most commonly a greasy, thick oil. Viscous, oil 80% - water 20 % with a high viscosity. The base is usually anhydrous. I mmiscible with skin secretions. Example: Bacitracin, Bactroban , Fucidin etc.

5. Ointment There are five classes or types of ointment bases which are differentiated on the basis of their physical composition. These are: Oleaginous bases: anhydrous, hydrophobic, difficult water spreadability . Absorption bases: anhydrous, hydrophilic. Water in oil emulsion bases: hydrous, hydrophilic, moderate to easy water spreadability . Oil in water emulsion bases: hydrous, hydrophilic, easy water spreadability . Water miscible bases: anhydrous, hydrous, hydrophilic, moderate to easy water spreadability .

6. Cream A cream is Used for external application A homogeneous , semi-solid preparation. A n emulsion of oil and water. Approximately equal proportions, i.e. 50 % oil and 50 % water T hicker than lotion, but thinner than ointment. Viscous , essentially it is a greasy. Example: Capsaicin, Tazorac , Nystatin etc.

7. Cream There are two classes or types of cream Vanishing cream: o/w with high % of water and stearic acid. Cold cream: A n emulsion for softening and cleansing the skin (w/o), white wax, spermaceti, almond oil, sodium borate .

8. Summary of Ointment & Cream Parameter Ointment Cream Absorption Not easily absorbed Quickly absorbed by the skin Consistencies Have thicker consistencies Have lighter consistencies Greasiness More greasy Less greasy Transparency Clear White Conc. Of oil H ave a higher concentration of oil Have a lower concentration of oil than ointment Spreading ability Low High Stability on skin Stay longer on the surface Stay short time on the surface Healing power Slow Fast