Open Educational resources(OER)
DrTrivedi1
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125 slides
Sep 30, 2021
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About This Presentation
OERs are in very high demand nowadays.
Slide Content
OPENEDUCATIONALRESOURCES(OER): ANOVERVIEW
Dr MayankTrivedi
University Librarian & Senate Member
Smt. HansaMehta Library
The Maharaja SayajiraoUniversity of Baroda
Vadodara-390 001
E-mail : [email protected]
Date : 23
rd
Sept, 20211
Dr MayankTrivedi
University Librarian & Senate Member
Smt. HansaMehta Library
The Maharaja SayajiraoUniversity of Baroda
Vadodara-390 001
E-mail : [email protected]
Date : 23
rd
Sept, 20211
HISTORY
TheprecursortotheOERmovementwasProject
Gutenberg,whichwaslaunchedin1974,and
advocatedfordigitizationandarchivingofcultural
works,aswellascreationanddistributionof
eBooks.
Wikipediachampionedtheglobalmovementforfree
useandopeneditingofcontent,andnowhasmore
than4millionarticlescreatedcollaborativelyby
anonymousInternetusers.(2001)
Thesameyear,theMITOpenCourseWare(OCW)
initiativetopublishcoursecontentonlinebegan.
2
TheprecursortotheOERmovementwasProject
Gutenberg,whichwaslaunchedin1974,and
advocatedfordigitizationandarchivingofcultural
works,aswellascreationanddistributionof
eBooks.
Wikipediachampionedtheglobalmovementforfree
useandopeneditingofcontent,andnowhasmore
than4millionarticlescreatedcollaborativelyby
anonymousInternetusers.(2001)
Thesameyear,theMITOpenCourseWare(OCW)
initiativetopublishcoursecontentonlinebegan.
2
OER
“OERaretheteaching,learningandresearch
resourcesthatresideinthepublicdomainor
havebeenreleasedunderanintellectual
propertylicensethatpermitstheirfreeuseand
re-purposingbyothers.Openeducational
resourcesincludefullcourses,coursematerials,
modules,textbooks,streamingvideos,tests,
software,andanyothertools,materials,or
techniquesusedtosupportaccesstoknowledge”
----WilliamandFloraHewlettFoundation’sdefinition
ofOER
3
“OERaretheteaching,learningandresearch
resourcesthatresideinthepublicdomainor
havebeenreleasedunderanintellectual
propertylicensethatpermitstheirfreeuseand
re-purposingbyothers.Openeducational
resourcesincludefullcourses,coursematerials,
modules,textbooks,streamingvideos,tests,
software,andanyothertools,materials,or
techniquesusedtosupportaccesstoknowledge”
----WilliamandFloraHewlettFoundation’sdefinition
ofOER
3
WHATISANOER
In particular, OERs should be:
Licensed in a way that allows use, usually under specified
conditions, without infringing copyright;
Accessible to a wide range of users;
Independent of specialist software, and
Capable to being adapted for use in other contexts.
Freely available materials for teaching and learning
Many may be modified
Many, many types
Books, lectures, courses, modules
Animations, data sets and visualization
Simulations, interactive maps
Real time data
4
In particular, OERs should be:
Licensed in a way that allows use, usually under specified
conditions, without infringing copyright;
Accessible to a wide range of users;
Independent of specialist software, and
Capable to being adapted for use in other contexts.
Freely available materials for teaching and learning
Many may be modified
Many, many types
Books, lectures, courses, modules
Animations, data sets and visualization
Simulations, interactive maps
Real time data
4
WHATISANOER?
“Open Education Resources
(OER) are teaching, learning,
and research resources that
reside in the public domain or
have been released under an
intellectual property license
that permits their free use or re-
purposing by others. Open
educational resources include
full courses, course materials,
modules, textbooks, streaming
videos, tests, software, and any
other tools, materials, or
techniques used to support
access to knowledge.” (Atkins
et al. 2007, p 4)
“...digitised materials offered
freely and openly for
educators, students and self-
learners to use and reuse for
teaching, learning and
research. OER includes
learning content, software
tools to develop, use and
distribute content, and
implementation resources such
as open licences. This report
suggests that ‘open
educational resources’ refers to
accumulated digital assets that
can be adjusted and which
provide benefits without
restricting the possibilities for
others to enjoy them.” (OECD
2007, p 10)
“Open Education Resources
(OER) are teaching, learning,
and research resources that
reside in the public domain or
have been released under an
intellectual property license
that permits their free use or re-
purposing by others. Open
educational resources include
full courses, course materials,
modules, textbooks, streaming
videos, tests, software, and any
other tools, materials, or
techniques used to support
access to knowledge.” (Atkins
et al. 2007, p 4)
“...digitised materials offered
freely and openly for
educators, students and self-
learners to use and reuse for
teaching, learning and
research. OER includes
learning content, software
tools to develop, use and
distribute content, and
implementation resources such
as open licences. This report
suggests that ‘open
educational resources’ refers to
accumulated digital assets that
can be adjusted and which
provide benefits without
restricting the possibilities for
others to enjoy them.” (OECD
2007, p 10)
DEFINITION
6
“teaching, learning and
research materials in
any medium, digital or
otherwise, that reside in
the public domain or
have been released
under an open license
that permits no-cost
access, use, adaptation
and redistribution by
others with no or
limited restrictions.”
---UNESCO
The Commonwealth of
Learning (COL) defines
Open Educational
Resources (OER) as
‘materials offered freely
and openly to use and
adapt for teaching,
learning,development
and research’.
6
“teaching, learning and
research materials in
any medium, digital or
otherwise, that reside in
the public domain or
have been released
under an open license
that permits no-cost
access, use, adaptation
and redistribution by
others with no or
limited restrictions.”
---UNESCO
The Commonwealth of
Learning (COL) defines
Open Educational
Resources (OER) as
‘materials offered freely
and openly to use and
adapt for teaching,
learning,development
and research’.
OPENEDUCATIONALRESOURCES
free and openly licensed educational materials that can
be used for
• teaching,
• learning,
• research, and other purposes.
The term was first used at a UNESCO conference in 2002,
although OERs were being produced and used before that
time. For instance, the MIT OpenCourseWareproject,
which began in 2001, was one of the first major
initiatives of the OER movement.
7
free and openly licensed educational materials that can
be used for
• teaching,
• learning,
• research, and other purposes.
The term was first used at a UNESCO conference in 2002,
although OERs were being produced and used before that
time. For instance, the MIT OpenCourseWareproject,
which began in 2001, was one of the first major
initiatives of the OER movement.
7
NEEDOFOER
•… isaninteresting,yet
paradoxical,socialdevelopmentin
thecompetitivehighereducation
environment
•…isanextraordinarytrend
dubbed new "cultureof
contribution“(Atkinsetal2007:3)
•Cultureofcompetition
•Cultureofcontribution 8
•… isaninteresting,yet
paradoxical,socialdevelopmentin
thecompetitivehighereducation
environment
•…isanextraordinarytrend
dubbed new "cultureof
contribution“(Atkinsetal2007:3)
•Cultureofcompetition
•Cultureofcontribution 8
WHATAREOER???
Open Access
Open Content
Open Course ware
Open Source Software
Open Education / e-Learning
Open Educational Resources
…and many more OPEN things
9
Open Access
Open Content
Open Course ware
Open Source Software
Open Education / e-Learning
Open Educational Resources
…and many more OPEN things
9
OER
Includes –
Course materials
Modules or lessons
Open CourseWare(OCW)
Open textbooks
Videos
Images
Tests
Software
Any other tools, materials, or techniques used
to support ready access to knowledge
Freely available materials for teaching and learning
Many may be modified
Many, many types
Books, lectures, courses, modules
Animations, data sets and visualization
Simulations, interactive maps
Real time data
10
Includes –
Course materials
Modules or lessons
Open CourseWare(OCW)
Open textbooks
Videos
Images
Tests
Software
Any other tools, materials, or techniques used
to support ready access to knowledge
Freely available materials for teaching and learning
Many may be modified
Many, many types
Books, lectures, courses, modules
Animations, data sets and visualization
Simulations, interactive maps
Real time data
10
WHATHASENABLEDOER?
SOCIALLY -The Open Source Software
Movement and the Open Access Movement
TECHNICALLY –The Internet and Web 2.0
technologies
LEGALLY -The development of alternative
licensing systems such as Creative Commons
FINANCIALLY –The support of philanthropic
foundations and new business models
11
SOCIALLY -The Open Source Software
Movement and the Open Access Movement
TECHNICALLY –The Internet and Web 2.0
technologies
LEGALLY -The development of alternative
licensing systems such as Creative Commons
FINANCIALLY –The support of philanthropic
foundations and new business models
11
PRINCIPLESOFOER
DavidWiley:principlesofopenpublishing:
re-use:Themostbasiclevelofopenness.Peopleareallowedtouseallorpartofthe
workfortheirownpurposes(forexample,downloadaneducationalvideotowatch
atalatertime);
re-distribute:Peoplecansharetheworkwithothers(forexample,sendadigital
articleby-emailtoacolleague);
revise:Peoplecanadapt,modify,translate,orchangethework(forexample,takea
bookwritteninEnglishandturnitintoaSpanishaudiobook);
re-mix:Peoplecantaketwoormoreexistingresourcesandcombinethemtocreate
anewresource(forexample,takeaudiolecturesfromonecourseandcombinethem
withslidesfromanothercoursetocreateanewderivativework);
retain:Nodigitalrightsmanagementrestrictions(DRM);thecontentisyoursto
keep,whetheryou’retheauthor,aninstructorusingthematerial,orastudent.
Thisopentextbookyouarereadingmeetsallfivecriteria(ithasaCCBY-NClicense
–seeSection10.2.2below).
Forexample,itcannotbeturnedintoabookforprofitbyacommercialpublisher,at
leastwithoutwrittenpermissionfromtheauthor.
ToprotectyourrightsasanauthorofOERusuallymeanspublishingundera
CreativeCommonsorotheropenlicense.
12
DavidWiley:principlesofopenpublishing:
re-use:Themostbasiclevelofopenness.Peopleareallowedtouseallorpartofthe
workfortheirownpurposes(forexample,downloadaneducationalvideotowatch
atalatertime);
re-distribute:Peoplecansharetheworkwithothers(forexample,sendadigital
articleby-emailtoacolleague);
revise:Peoplecanadapt,modify,translate,orchangethework(forexample,takea
bookwritteninEnglishandturnitintoaSpanishaudiobook);
re-mix:Peoplecantaketwoormoreexistingresourcesandcombinethemtocreate
anewresource(forexample,takeaudiolecturesfromonecourseandcombinethem
withslidesfromanothercoursetocreateanewderivativework);
retain:Nodigitalrightsmanagementrestrictions(DRM);thecontentisyoursto
keep,whetheryou’retheauthor,aninstructorusingthematerial,orastudent.
Thisopentextbookyouarereadingmeetsallfivecriteria(ithasaCCBY-NClicense
–seeSection10.2.2below).
Forexample,itcannotbeturnedintoabookforprofitbyacommercialpublisher,at
leastwithoutwrittenpermissionfromtheauthor.
ToprotectyourrightsasanauthorofOERusuallymeanspublishingundera
CreativeCommonsorotheropenlicense.
12
WHYTOUSEOPENEDUCATIONAL
RESOURCES
Accesstohighqualityresourcesfreefromcopyright
issues
Unlikesimplyusingabrowsersearchtolocateand
downloadresourcesindiscriminatelyfromtheweb,
theuseofOERsguaranteesthatyouavoidIPR
andcopyrightissues
13
RESOURCES
Accesstohighqualityresourcesfreefromcopyright
issues
Unlikesimplyusingabrowsersearchtolocateand
downloadresourcesindiscriminatelyfromtheweb,
theuseofOERsguaranteesthatyouavoidIPR
andcopyrightissues
13
OERS-GOODRESOURCES?
Savingtimeandcostofresourcedevelopment
High-qualityresourcesdemandalargeinvestmentofeffort
fortheirdevelopment.Itisbettertoconcentratethiseffort
whereitisneededmost,andtouseOERswheretheseare
suitable
Accesstoawiderrangeofresourcetypes
Bybeingabletoaccessseveraldifferentresourcesinthesame
subjectarea,studentsandteacherscanuseresourcesthat
meettheirownrequirements
Innovativeideasforresourcedesign
EvenifyoudonotuseOERsdirectly,theyprovidearich
showcaseofdifferentapproachestolearningandteachingthat
caninformyourpractice
Optiontore-purpose
MostOERsarereleasedinformsthatallowthemtobe
customisedfordifferentapplications,eitherbychanging
themoraddingcontext-specificmaterial
14
Savingtimeandcostofresourcedevelopment
High-qualityresourcesdemandalargeinvestmentofeffort
fortheirdevelopment.Itisbettertoconcentratethiseffort
whereitisneededmost,andtouseOERswheretheseare
suitable
Accesstoawiderrangeofresourcetypes
Bybeingabletoaccessseveraldifferentresourcesinthesame
subjectarea,studentsandteacherscanuseresourcesthat
meettheirownrequirements
Innovativeideasforresourcedesign
EvenifyoudonotuseOERsdirectly,theyprovidearich
showcaseofdifferentapproachestolearningandteachingthat
caninformyourpractice
Optiontore-purpose
MostOERsarereleasedinformsthatallowthemtobe
customisedfordifferentapplications,eitherbychanging
themoraddingcontext-specificmaterial
14
OER
Open education encompasses many different things. These are
just some of the aspects of open education
Open textbooks
Open licensing
Open assessment practices
Open badges
Open online courses
MOOCs (debatably)
Open data
Open Access scholarly works
Open source software
Open standards
Open educational resources
15
Open education encompasses many different things. These are
just some of the aspects of open education
Open textbooks
Open licensing
Open assessment practices
Open badges
Open online courses
MOOCs (debatably)
Open data
Open Access scholarly works
Open source software
Open standards
Open educational resources
15
SWOT ANALYSIS
Strength
The primary goal of open
educational resources (OER)
is to generate, share, and
curate information.
OER allows anybody, wherever
in the world, to get access to
information.
It provides time utility by
allowing access to resources at
any time.
There is no charge for the
books.
They can access things while
traveling without having to lug
along heavy books.
Weakness
The primary flaw is that
there is no requirement
for OER awareness.
The needed advantages
are not realized due to a
lack of knowledge.
The third flaw is the
difficulties instructors
encounter while
producing online
resources.
16
Strength
The primary goal of open
educational resources (OER)
is to generate, share, and
curate information.
OER allows anybody, wherever
in the world, to get access to
information.
It provides time utility by
allowing access to resources at
any time.
There is no charge for the
books.
They can access things while
traveling without having to lug
along heavy books.
Weakness
The primary flaw is that
there is no requirement
for OER awareness.
The needed advantages
are not realized due to a
lack of knowledge.
The third flaw is the
difficulties instructors
encounter while
producing online
resources.
16
SWOT ANALYSIS
Opportunities:
The biggest advantage of
OER is the wide platform.
A good educator may
make a name for himself
all over the world.A
university can send
students all over the world
without having to
go.Educationcan improve
as a result of global
competitiveness.
Threats:
The term "free" poses the
greatest danger.Because
OER is available at any
time, it is both strength
and a danger. Students get
irritable and do not finish
assignments on time,
posing a threat.It
necessitate learners'
commitment and
consistency. 17
Opportunities:
The biggest advantage of
OER is the wide platform.
A good educator may
make a name for himself
all over the world.A
university can send
students all over the world
without having to
go.Educationcan improve
as a result of global
competitiveness.
Threats:
The term "free" poses the
greatest danger.Because
OER is available at any
time, it is both strength
and a danger. Students get
irritable and do not finish
assignments on time,
posing a threat.It
necessitate learners'
commitment and
consistency. 17
STRENGTH
MOOCs,particularlyxMOOCs,deliverhighqualitycontentfrom
someoftheworld’sbestuniversitiesforfreetoanyonewitha
computerandanInternetconnection;
MOOCscanbeusefulforopeningaccesstohighqualitycontent,
particularlyindevelopingcountries,buttodososuccessfullywill
requireagooddealofadaptation,andsubstantialinvestmentin
localsupportandpartnerships;
MOOCsarevaluablefordevelopingbasicconceptuallearning,and
forcreatinglargeonlinecommunitiesofinterestorpractice;
MOOCsareanextremelyvaluableformoflifelonglearning
andcontinuingeducation;
MOOCshaveforcedconventionalandespeciallyeliteinstitutions
toreappraisetheirstrategiestowardsonlineandopenlearning;
institutionshavebeenabletoextendtheirbrandandstatusby
makingpublictheirexpertiseandexcellenceincertainacademic
areas;
MOOCsmainvaluepropositionistoeliminatethroughcomputer
automationand/orpeer-to-peercommunicationtheverylarge
variablecostsinhighereducationassociatedwithprovidinglearner
supportandqualityassessment.
18
MOOCs,particularlyxMOOCs,deliverhighqualitycontentfrom
someoftheworld’sbestuniversitiesforfreetoanyonewitha
computerandanInternetconnection;
MOOCscanbeusefulforopeningaccesstohighqualitycontent,
particularlyindevelopingcountries,buttodososuccessfullywill
requireagooddealofadaptation,andsubstantialinvestmentin
localsupportandpartnerships;
MOOCsarevaluablefordevelopingbasicconceptuallearning,and
forcreatinglargeonlinecommunitiesofinterestorpractice;
MOOCsareanextremelyvaluableformoflifelonglearning
andcontinuingeducation;
MOOCshaveforcedconventionalandespeciallyeliteinstitutions
toreappraisetheirstrategiestowardsonlineandopenlearning;
institutionshavebeenabletoextendtheirbrandandstatusby
makingpublictheirexpertiseandexcellenceincertainacademic
areas;
MOOCsmainvaluepropositionistoeliminatethroughcomputer
automationand/orpeer-to-peercommunicationtheverylarge
variablecostsinhighereducationassociatedwithprovidinglearner
supportandqualityassessment.
18
OER STRENGTHS
Cost savings
This is definitely the biggest selling point of incorporating these
materials. OER is inexpensive, openly licensed and freely shared.
Stay current
The nature of OER makes it possible to include more recent
information, topics and examples, keeping classes relevant to
student interests.
Great supplemental material
With OER, instructors are able to include information that may not
be in the textbook as well as offer more interactive materials in their
courses. This helps teachers reach a wider array of students and
personalize their education which can lead to great student success.
Flexibility
OER are customizable. They can be changed through user editing,
feedback and adaptation. Because of this, resources can be
improved and adapted versions can regularly be made available.
19
Cost savings
This is definitely the biggest selling point of incorporating these
materials. OER is inexpensive, openly licensed and freely shared.
Stay current
The nature of OER makes it possible to include more recent
information, topics and examples, keeping classes relevant to
student interests.
Great supplemental material
With OER, instructors are able to include information that may not
be in the textbook as well as offer more interactive materials in their
courses. This helps teachers reach a wider array of students and
personalize their education which can lead to great student success.
Flexibility
OER are customizable. They can be changed through user editing,
feedback and adaptation. Because of this, resources can be
improved and adapted versions can regularly be made available.
19
OER WEAKNESSES
Quality control
OER materials should be chosen carefully. Since the materials do
not go through the same rigorous editing and peer review as a
textbook, it is important to review the information presented.
Sustainability
OER content creators do not receivecompensationfor their
efforts. New, up-to-date content may not stay readily available.
Language options
There are limited OER choices outside of the English language.
Internet reliance
OER requires students to have access to technology to view the
materials, an internet connection or have the means to print the
materials which negates the benefits of the interactive materials.
Usability
OER content may be far less user friendly than a textbook if it has
not been bound and printed. It also may not be ADA compliant.20
Quality control
OER materials should be chosen carefully. Since the materials do
not go through the same rigorous editing and peer review as a
textbook, it is important to review the information presented.
Sustainability
OER content creators do not receivecompensationfor their
efforts. New, up-to-date content may not stay readily available.
Language options
There are limited OER choices outside of the English language.
Internet reliance
OER requires students to have access to technology to view the
materials, an internet connection or have the means to print the
materials which negates the benefits of the interactive materials.
Usability
OER content may be far less user friendly than a textbook if it has
not been bound and printed. It also may not be ADA compliant.20
WEAKNESSES
thehighregistrationnumbersforMOOCsaremisleading;less
thanhalfofregistrantsactivelyparticipate,andofthese,onlya
smallproportionsuccessfullycompletethecourse;nevertheless,
absolutenumbersarestillhigherthanforconventionalcourses;
MOOCsareexpensivetodevelop,andalthoughcommercial
organisationsofferingMOOCplatformshaveopportunitiesfor
sustainablebusinessmodels,itisdifficulttoseehowpublicly
fundedhighereducationinstitutionscandevelopsustainable
businessmodelsforMOOCs;
MOOCstendtoattractthosewithalreadyahighlevelof
education,ratherthanwidenaccess;
MOOCssofarhavebeenlimitedintheabilitytodevelophigh
levelacademiclearning,orthehighlevelintellectualskills
neededinaknowledgebasedsociety;
assessmentofthehigherlevelsoflearningremainsachallenge
forMOOCs,totheextentthatmostMOOCproviderswillnot
recognisetheirownMOOCsforcredit;
MOOCmaterialsmaybelimitedbycopyrightortime
restrictionsforre-useasopeneducationalresources
21
thehighregistrationnumbersforMOOCsaremisleading;less
thanhalfofregistrantsactivelyparticipate,andofthese,onlya
smallproportionsuccessfullycompletethecourse;nevertheless,
absolutenumbersarestillhigherthanforconventionalcourses;
MOOCsareexpensivetodevelop,andalthoughcommercial
organisationsofferingMOOCplatformshaveopportunitiesfor
sustainablebusinessmodels,itisdifficulttoseehowpublicly
fundedhighereducationinstitutionscandevelopsustainable
businessmodelsforMOOCs;
MOOCstendtoattractthosewithalreadyahighlevelof
education,ratherthanwidenaccess;
MOOCssofarhavebeenlimitedintheabilitytodevelophigh
levelacademiclearning,orthehighlevelintellectualskills
neededinaknowledgebasedsociety;
assessmentofthehigherlevelsoflearningremainsachallenge
forMOOCs,totheextentthatmostMOOCproviderswillnot
recognisetheirownMOOCsforcredit;
MOOCmaterialsmaybelimitedbycopyrightortime
restrictionsforre-useasopeneducationalresources
21
BENEFITS
OERensureslongevityofaccesstoresources
OERcandiversifythecurriculum
OERimprovesdigitalskills
OERengagesstudentsinco-creation
OERpromotesengagementwiththeoutputsof
openresearch
OERcontributestothedevelopmentofopen
knowledge
OERenhancesengagementwithcontentand
collections
22
OERensureslongevityofaccesstoresources
OERcandiversifythecurriculum
OERimprovesdigitalskills
OERengagesstudentsinco-creation
OERpromotesengagementwiththeoutputsof
openresearch
OERcontributestothedevelopmentofopen
knowledge
OERenhancesengagementwithcontentand
collections
22
ADVANTAGES
Cost savings on Textbooks
Levels the field for disadvantaged students
Promotes sustainability
Resource Rich
Improved Access to leading experts worldwide
Lower cost through Collaboration & reusing
Improved access through more affordable courses
Higher quality learning resources
Experience/incorporate diversity of views
Flexibility
Customize curriculum and instructional design
Quickly incorporate important updates (STEM)
Universal Design for Learning (UDL)
–Accommodate disabilities
–Address learning styles
–Foster engagement
–Integrate current, relevant, authentic content
23
Cost savings on Textbooks
Levels the field for disadvantaged students
Promotes sustainability
Resource Rich
Improved Access to leading experts worldwide
Lower cost through Collaboration & reusing
Improved access through more affordable courses
Higher quality learning resources
Experience/incorporate diversity of views
Flexibility
Customize curriculum and instructional design
Quickly incorporate important updates (STEM)
Universal Design for Learning (UDL)
–Accommodate disabilities
–Address learning styles
–Foster engagement
–Integrate current, relevant, authentic content
23
ADVANTAGESOFUSINGOERSINCLUDE:
Expandedaccesstolearning.StudentsanywhereintheworldcanaccessOERsatany
time,andtheycanaccessthematerialrepeatedly.
Scalability.OERsareeasytodistributewidelywithlittleornocost.
Augmentationofclassmaterials.OERscansupplementtextbooksandlectureswhere
deficienciesininformationareevident.
EnhancementofregularcoursecontentForexample,multimediamaterialsuchas
videoscanaccompanytext.Presentinginformationinmultipleformatsmayhelp
studentstomoreeasilylearnthematerialbeingtaught.
QuickcirculationInformationmaybedisseminatedrapidly(especiallywhen
comparedtoinformationpublishedintextbooksorjournals,whichmaytakemonthsor
evenyearstobecomeavailable).Quickavailabilityofmaterialmayincreasethe
timelinessand/orrelevanceofthematerialbeingpresented.
LessexpenseforstudentsTheuseofOERsinsteadoftraditionaltextbooksorcourse
packs,etc.cansubstantiallyreducethecostofcoursematerialsforstudents.
Showcasingofinnovationandtalent.Awideaudiencemaylearnoffacultyresearch
interestsandexpertise.Potentialstudentsanddonorsmaybeimpressed,andstudent
andfacultyrecruitmenteffortsmaybeenhanced.
Tiesforalumni.OERsprovideanexcellentwayforalumnitostayconnectedtothe
institutionandcontinuewithaprogramoflifelonglearning.
Continuallyimprovedresources.Unliketextbooksandotherstaticsourcesof
information,OERscanbeimprovedquicklythroughdirecteditingbyusersorthrough
solicitationandincorporationofuserfeedback.InstructorscantakeanexistingOER,
adaptitforaclass,andmakethemodifiedOERavailableforotherstouse.
24
Expandedaccesstolearning.StudentsanywhereintheworldcanaccessOERsatany
time,andtheycanaccessthematerialrepeatedly.
Scalability.OERsareeasytodistributewidelywithlittleornocost.
Augmentationofclassmaterials.OERscansupplementtextbooksandlectureswhere
deficienciesininformationareevident.
EnhancementofregularcoursecontentForexample,multimediamaterialsuchas
videoscanaccompanytext.Presentinginformationinmultipleformatsmayhelp
studentstomoreeasilylearnthematerialbeingtaught.
QuickcirculationInformationmaybedisseminatedrapidly(especiallywhen
comparedtoinformationpublishedintextbooksorjournals,whichmaytakemonthsor
evenyearstobecomeavailable).Quickavailabilityofmaterialmayincreasethe
timelinessand/orrelevanceofthematerialbeingpresented.
LessexpenseforstudentsTheuseofOERsinsteadoftraditionaltextbooksorcourse
packs,etc.cansubstantiallyreducethecostofcoursematerialsforstudents.
Showcasingofinnovationandtalent.Awideaudiencemaylearnoffacultyresearch
interestsandexpertise.Potentialstudentsanddonorsmaybeimpressed,andstudent
andfacultyrecruitmenteffortsmaybeenhanced.
Tiesforalumni.OERsprovideanexcellentwayforalumnitostayconnectedtothe
institutionandcontinuewithaprogramoflifelonglearning.
Continuallyimprovedresources.Unliketextbooksandotherstaticsourcesof
information,OERscanbeimprovedquicklythroughdirecteditingbyusersorthrough
solicitationandincorporationofuserfeedback.InstructorscantakeanexistingOER,
adaptitforaclass,andmakethemodifiedOERavailableforotherstouse.
24
DISADVANTAGESOFOERSINCLUDE:
Qualityissues.SincemanyOERrepositoriesallowanyusertocreatean
accountandpostmaterial,someresourcesmaynotberelevantand/oraccurate.
Lackofhumaninteractionbetweenteachersandstudents.OERmaterial
iscreatedtostandalone,andsinceself-learningusersmayaccessthematerial
outsideofaclassroomenvironment,theywillmissoutonthediscussionand
instructorfeedbackthatcharacterizefor-creditclassesandthatmakesuch
classesusefulandvaluable.
Languageand/orculturalbarriers.Althougheffortsarebeingmadetomake
OERsavailableinmultiplelanguages,manyareonlyavailableinEnglish,
limitingtheirusefulnesstonon-Englishspeakers.Additionally,notallresources
areculturallyappropriateforallaudiences.
Technologicalissues.SomestudentsmayhavetroubleusingsomeOERsif
theyhaveasloworerraticinternetconnection.OtherOERsmayrequire
softwarethatstudentsdon’thaveandthattheymaynotbeabletoafford.
Intellectualproperty/copyrightconcerns.SinceOERsaremeanttobe
sharedopenly,the“fairuse"exemptionfromtheU.S.CopyrightActceasesto
apply;allcontentputonlinemustbecheckedtoensurethatitdoesn’tviolate
copyrightlaw.
Sustainabilityissues.SinceOERcreatorsgenerallydonotreceiveanytypeof
paymentfortheirOER,theremaybelittleincentivefo
25
Qualityissues.SincemanyOERrepositoriesallowanyusertocreatean
accountandpostmaterial,someresourcesmaynotberelevantand/oraccurate.
Lackofhumaninteractionbetweenteachersandstudents.OERmaterial
iscreatedtostandalone,andsinceself-learningusersmayaccessthematerial
outsideofaclassroomenvironment,theywillmissoutonthediscussionand
instructorfeedbackthatcharacterizefor-creditclassesandthatmakesuch
classesusefulandvaluable.
Languageand/orculturalbarriers.Althougheffortsarebeingmadetomake
OERsavailableinmultiplelanguages,manyareonlyavailableinEnglish,
limitingtheirusefulnesstonon-Englishspeakers.Additionally,notallresources
areculturallyappropriateforallaudiences.
Technologicalissues.SomestudentsmayhavetroubleusingsomeOERsif
theyhaveasloworerraticinternetconnection.OtherOERsmayrequire
softwarethatstudentsdon’thaveandthattheymaynotbeabletoafford.
Intellectualproperty/copyrightconcerns.SinceOERsaremeanttobe
sharedopenly,the“fairuse"exemptionfromtheU.S.CopyrightActceasesto
apply;allcontentputonlinemustbecheckedtoensurethatitdoesn’tviolate
copyrightlaw.
Sustainabilityissues.SinceOERcreatorsgenerallydonotreceiveanytypeof
paymentfortheirOER,theremaybelittleincentivefo
25
DISADVANTAGES
Complications in Curriculum Development
Volume of material to evaluate/validate
Lack of funds/compensation
No responsibility to update original materials
No process to notify users of updates/changes to foundation materials
Attribution Issues
Lack of knowledge on open licensing process
Materials improperly cited
Inadvertent copyright violation
Slow/limited Conversion to OER Participation
Resistance to Change
Fear of loss of right-to-benefit
No mechanism to revoke permission
Discomfort with technology
Student Access to Technology
Disadvantaged student population
Digital down-and-out
26
Complications in Curriculum Development
Volume of material to evaluate/validate
Lack of funds/compensation
No responsibility to update original materials
No process to notify users of updates/changes to foundation materials
Attribution Issues
Lack of knowledge on open licensing process
Materials improperly cited
Inadvertent copyright violation
Slow/limited Conversion to OER Participation
Resistance to Change
Fear of loss of right-to-benefit
No mechanism to revoke permission
Discomfort with technology
Student Access to Technology
Disadvantaged student population
Digital down-and-out
26
Who uses OER?
•Students within institutions
•Students external to institutions
•Self Learners
•Teachers/Professors/Academics
What is the best way to find OER?
•Use a specialized search engine
27
•Students within institutions
•Students external to institutions
•Self Learners
•Teachers/Professors/Academics
What is the best way to find OER?
•Use a specialized search engine
27
EVALUATION
Authority:Isitclearwhodevelopedandwrotethematerial?Arehisorherqualificationsforcreating
thematerialclearlystated?
Accuracy:Arethereerrorsoromissionsvisible?
Objectivity:Isanytypeofbiaspresent?
Currency:Istheresourceup-to-dateand/orisacreationorupdatedatevisible?
Coverage:Doesitaddressthetopicathandsufficientlytoaddvaluetotheclass?Doesonlyaportion
ofitapply?Doyouneedtocombineitwithotherresources?Canyoualigneachresourcewiththe
learningobjectivesandweeklylessonsonyoursyllabusinordertoidentifygaps?
Accessibility:Isitaccessibletoall?
License:HasaCreativeCommonsLicensebeapplied?Canyouremixorreusetheitem?Whodoyou
havetoattributecopyrightto,ifanyone?
Persistance:PriortousinganOERinanotherclass,you'llneedtocheckthattheURLisstillvalidand
whethertheOERwasupdatedsinceyoulastaccessit.
Quality
PeerReviewavailableorused
Reputationofauthor/institutionistransparent
Pedagogicalmethodsaresound
Allowsforcustomizationorrefinement
Appropriateness
Contentisaccurate
Sourcesareidentifiedandcited
Somealignmentwithalearningoutcomeorcourseobjective
Appropriatereading/domainlevelforyourstudents
Technical
Hightechnicalquality(clearvisuals,highproductionvalue)
Clearlicensingdeclaration(CreativeCommonsLicensepresent,inthePublicDomain,etc.)
Licensetoremixorshareagain
28
Authority:Isitclearwhodevelopedandwrotethematerial?Arehisorherqualificationsforcreating
thematerialclearlystated?
Accuracy:Arethereerrorsoromissionsvisible?
Objectivity:Isanytypeofbiaspresent?
Currency:Istheresourceup-to-dateand/orisacreationorupdatedatevisible?
Coverage:Doesitaddressthetopicathandsufficientlytoaddvaluetotheclass?Doesonlyaportion
ofitapply?Doyouneedtocombineitwithotherresources?Canyoualigneachresourcewiththe
learningobjectivesandweeklylessonsonyoursyllabusinordertoidentifygaps?
Accessibility:Isitaccessibletoall?
License:HasaCreativeCommonsLicensebeapplied?Canyouremixorreusetheitem?Whodoyou
havetoattributecopyrightto,ifanyone?
Persistance:PriortousinganOERinanotherclass,you'llneedtocheckthattheURLisstillvalidand
whethertheOERwasupdatedsinceyoulastaccessit.
Quality
PeerReviewavailableorused
Reputationofauthor/institutionistransparent
Pedagogicalmethodsaresound
Allowsforcustomizationorrefinement
Appropriateness
Contentisaccurate
Sourcesareidentifiedandcited
Somealignmentwithalearningoutcomeorcourseobjective
Appropriatereading/domainlevelforyourstudents
Technical
Hightechnicalquality(clearvisuals,highproductionvalue)
Clearlicensingdeclaration(CreativeCommonsLicensepresent,inthePublicDomain,etc.)
Licensetoremixorshareagain
28
OER CONTENTS
•Course/InstructorResources(MITOCW)
•FullDistanceCourseModules(OpenLearn
UK)
•CourseModules/seminars
•LearningObjects
oImages(www.flickr.com)
oVideo(www.academicearth.com)
oAudio(http://itunes.stanford.edu)
oOpenTextbooks(www.wikibooks.org)
oJournals(www.doaj.org)
29
•Course/InstructorResources(MITOCW)
•FullDistanceCourseModules(OpenLearn
UK)
•CourseModules/seminars
•LearningObjects
oImages(www.flickr.com)
oVideo(www.academicearth.com)
oAudio(http://itunes.stanford.edu)
oOpenTextbooks(www.wikibooks.org)
oJournals(www.doaj.org)
29
OTHEROER FLAVORS
30
30
CREATING
Required for the creation of OER
•The masses as digital content creators
•The desire to share
•Licensing model which enables us to share
•Tools and directories which promote collaboration
Potential Benefits
•Possibility of increased opportunities for collaboration
•Academic alliances
•Feeling good about helping to make education freely available
31
Required for the creation of OER
•The masses as digital content creators
•The desire to share
•Licensing model which enables us to share
•Tools and directories which promote collaboration
Potential Benefits
•Possibility of increased opportunities for collaboration
•Academic alliances
•Feeling good about helping to make education freely available
31
"RE-MIXING"
Reasons to adapt an OER include:
1.To address a particular teaching style or learning style
2.To adapt for a different grade level
3.To adapt for a different discipline
4.To adjust for a different learning environment
5.To address diversity needs
6.To address a cultural preference
7.To support a specific pedagogical need
8.To address either a school or a district’s standardized
curriculum
(ISKME, 2008)
32
Reasons to adapt an OER include:
1.To address a particular teaching style or learning style
2.To adapt for a different grade level
3.To adapt for a different discipline
4.To adjust for a different learning environment
5.To address diversity needs
6.To address a cultural preference
7.To support a specific pedagogical need
8.To address either a school or a district’s standardized
curriculum
(ISKME, 2008)
32
LICENSING
Step 1 Ensure that you have copyright for the resource
Step 2 Choose a licence
Step 3 Include the licencedetails in the resource
33
Step 1 Ensure that you have copyright for the resource
Step 2 Choose a licence
Step 3 Include the licencedetails in the resource
33
STEP1 ENSURETHATYOUHAVECOPYRIGHTFOR
THERESOURCE
•Establishthecopyrightownerofthetext,graphics,videoetc.
•Ifthereiscopyrightedmaterialwithintheresourcethat
belongstosomeoneelse(3rdpartycopyright),thenthis
personoragencyneedstobecontactedbeforetheresource
canbereleased.
34
THERESOURCE
•Establishthecopyrightownerofthetext,graphics,videoetc.
•Ifthereiscopyrightedmaterialwithintheresourcethat
belongstosomeoneelse(3rdpartycopyright),thenthis
personoragencyneedstobecontactedbeforetheresource
canbereleased.
34
STEP2 CHOOSEALICENSE(1)
Understandthe4conditions:
•Attribution-Youletotherscopy,distribute,display,andperform
yourcopyrightedwork—andderivativeworksbaseduponit—but
onlyiftheygivecreditthewayyourequest.
•Share-alike-Youallowotherstodistributederivativeworksonly
underalicenseidenticaltothelicensethatgovernsyourwork.
•Non-commercial-Youletotherscopy,distribute,display,and
performyourwork—andderivativeworksbaseduponit—butfor
noncommercialpurposesonly.
•NoDerivativeWorks-Youletotherscopy,distribute,display,and
performonlyverbatimcopiesofyourwork,notderivativeworks
baseduponit.
http://creativecommons.org/about/licenses
35
Understandthe4conditions:
•Attribution-Youletotherscopy,distribute,display,andperform
yourcopyrightedwork—andderivativeworksbaseduponit—but
onlyiftheygivecreditthewayyourequest.
•Share-alike-Youallowotherstodistributederivativeworksonly
underalicenseidenticaltothelicensethatgovernsyourwork.
•Non-commercial-Youletotherscopy,distribute,display,and
performyourwork—andderivativeworksbaseduponit—butfor
noncommercialpurposesonly.
•NoDerivativeWorks-Youletotherscopy,distribute,display,and
performonlyverbatimcopiesofyourwork,notderivativeworks
baseduponit.
http://creativecommons.org/about/licenses
35
LEGALOPENNESS
36
36
STEP2 CHOOSEALICENSE(3)
•Visit the Creative Commons Licence
(http://creativecommons.org/license/) page and use their
simple licencechooser to select a Creative Commons licence
that indicates how others may use your creative content. (These
responses to the questions will be used to automatically
generate HTML text which includes all these details for an
electronic version of the Creative Commons licencethat you
have chosen. The HTML code will display an icon as well as a
link to the full license deed hosted at the Creative Commons
site. Note that you also need to select a legal jurisdiction
(country). South Africa is listed at the end of the drop down
list).
37
•Visit the Creative Commons Licence
(http://creativecommons.org/license/) page and use their
simple licencechooser to select a Creative Commons licence
that indicates how others may use your creative content. (These
responses to the questions will be used to automatically
generate HTML text which includes all these details for an
electronic version of the Creative Commons licencethat you
have chosen. The HTML code will display an icon as well as a
link to the full license deed hosted at the Creative Commons
site. Note that you also need to select a legal jurisdiction
(country). South Africa is listed at the end of the drop down
list).
37
STEP3 INCLUDETHELICENSEDETAILSINTHERESOURCE
•For electronic works: Cut and paste this HTML text on your
website.
•For non-electronic works: Select the option "Mark a document
not on the web, add this text to your work." (this is only
available once you have chosen a licence) In addition you might
like to note the icon that they suggest and download the
appropriate CC icon
(http://creativecommons.org/about/downloads/) and paste it
onto your word processed document for a paper-based cc
licence.
38
•For electronic works: Cut and paste this HTML text on your
website.
•For non-electronic works: Select the option "Mark a document
not on the web, add this text to your work." (this is only
available once you have chosen a licence) In addition you might
like to note the icon that they suggest and download the
appropriate CC icon
(http://creativecommons.org/about/downloads/) and paste it
onto your word processed document for a paper-based cc
licence.
38
SHARING
•Getting the CC license on your resource
•Choosing a file format to publish your resource
•Getting your resource on VULA
•How to make a VULA resource publicly accessible
•Using OER Commons to make your resource
searchable
THINGSTOCONSIDER:
•Granularity
•How often is the material updated (curation)
•Relevance to other academics or students
•License
oReplacing materials
•Third Party Copyright
39
•Getting the CC license on your resource
•Choosing a file format to publish your resource
•Getting your resource on VULA
•How to make a VULA resource publicly accessible
•Using OER Commons to make your resource
searchable
THINGSTOCONSIDER:
•Granularity
•How often is the material updated (curation)
•Relevance to other academics or students
•License
oReplacing materials
•Third Party Copyright
39
CREATIVECOMMONS
Oneofthekeycharacteristicsofopeneducational
resourcesisthattheyareeitherinthepublicdomain
ortheyarereleasedunderanopenlicenseand
generallythatmeansaCreativeCommonslicense.
HowevernotallCreativeCommonslicensesareequal
andonlyresourcesthatarelicensedforadaptation
andreusecanreallybeconsideredasOER.
Resourcesthatarelicensedwiththe“NoDerivatives”
licensecannotstrictlyberegardedasOER,andthere
issomedebateaboutthestatusof“NonCommercial”
licensedresources.
40
Oneofthekeycharacteristicsofopeneducational
resourcesisthattheyareeitherinthepublicdomain
ortheyarereleasedunderanopenlicenseand
generallythatmeansaCreativeCommonslicense.
HowevernotallCreativeCommonslicensesareequal
andonlyresourcesthatarelicensedforadaptation
andreusecanreallybeconsideredasOER.
Resourcesthatarelicensedwiththe“NoDerivatives”
licensecannotstrictlyberegardedasOER,andthere
issomedebateaboutthestatusof“NonCommercial”
licensedresources.
40
LICENSE
41
41
LEGALOPENNESS
Copyright Public
domain
All rights
reserved
Attribution
Non-
commercial
No derivatives
Attribution
Non-
commercial
Share Alike
Attribution
Non-
commercial
Attribution No
Derivatives
Attribution
Share Alike
AttributionNo rights
reserved
Most restrictive Most accommodating
42
Copyright Public
domain
All rights
reserved
Attribution
Non-
commercial
No derivatives
Attribution
Non-
commercial
Share Alike
Attribution
Non-
commercial
Attribution No
Derivatives
Attribution
Share Alike
AttributionNo rights
reserved
Most restrictive Most accommodating
42
43
CREATIVECOMMONLICENSE
ThearenowseveralpossibleCreativeCommonslicenses:
CCBYAttribution:letsothersdistribute,remix,tweak,andbuilduponyourwork,
evencommercially,aslongastheycredityoufortheoriginalcreation.Thisisthe
mostaccommodatingoflicensesoffered.Recommendedformaximumdissemination
anduseoflicensedmaterials;
CCBY-SA:letsothersremix,tweak,andbuilduponyourworkevenforcommercial
purposes,aslongastheycredityouandlicensetheirnewcreationsunderthe
identicalterms.Thisisparticularlyimportantifyourworkalsoincludesother
people’smaterialslicensedthroughtheCreativeCommons;
CCBY-ND:allowsforredistribution,commercialandnon-commercial,aslongasitis
passedalongunchangedandinwhole,withcredittoyou;
CCBY-NC:letsothersremix,tweak,andbuilduponyourworknon-commercially,
andalthoughtheirnewworksmustalsoacknowledgeyouandbenon-commercial,
theydon’thavetolicensetheirderivativeworksonthesameterms;
CCBY-NC-SA:letsothersremix,tweak,andbuilduponyourworknon-commercially,
aslongastheycredityouandlicensetheirnewcreationsundertheidenticalterms;
CCBY-NC-ND:themostrestrictiveofthesixmainlicenses,onlyallowingothersto
downloadyourworksandsharethemwithothersaslongastheycredityou,butthey
can’tchangetheminanywayorusethemcommercially.
44
ThearenowseveralpossibleCreativeCommonslicenses:
CCBYAttribution:letsothersdistribute,remix,tweak,andbuilduponyourwork,
evencommercially,aslongastheycredityoufortheoriginalcreation.Thisisthe
mostaccommodatingoflicensesoffered.Recommendedformaximumdissemination
anduseoflicensedmaterials;
CCBY-SA:letsothersremix,tweak,andbuilduponyourworkevenforcommercial
purposes,aslongastheycredityouandlicensetheirnewcreationsunderthe
identicalterms.Thisisparticularlyimportantifyourworkalsoincludesother
people’smaterialslicensedthroughtheCreativeCommons;
CCBY-ND:allowsforredistribution,commercialandnon-commercial,aslongasitis
passedalongunchangedandinwhole,withcredittoyou;
CCBY-NC:letsothersremix,tweak,andbuilduponyourworknon-commercially,
andalthoughtheirnewworksmustalsoacknowledgeyouandbenon-commercial,
theydon’thavetolicensetheirderivativeworksonthesameterms;
CCBY-NC-SA:letsothersremix,tweak,andbuilduponyourworknon-commercially,
aslongastheycredityouandlicensetheirnewcreationsundertheidenticalterms;
CCBY-NC-ND:themostrestrictiveofthesixmainlicenses,onlyallowingothersto
downloadyourworksandsharethemwithothersaslongastheycredityou,butthey
can’tchangetheminanywayorusethemcommercially.
44
WHERECANYOUFINDOER?
JORUM
MERLOT
Open Courseware
Consortium
Xpert
Core-Materials
DeSTRESS
HumBox
SimShare
African Virtual
University
MIT Open Courseware
OU Open earn
U Now
NPTEL
OER Commons
OERu
Siyavula
Open Learn
Saylor
45
JORUM
MERLOT
Open Courseware
Consortium
Xpert
Core-Materials
DeSTRESS
HumBox
SimShare
African Virtual
University
MIT Open Courseware
OU Open earn
U Now
NPTEL
OER Commons
OERu
Siyavula
Open Learn
Saylor
45
46
http://www.opencontent.org/ocwfinder
MERLOT (www.merlot.org)
Harvey Project
(http://HarveyProject.org/)
Educational Object Economy
(http://www.eoe.org)
OSsiteSIG Open-Source Software for
Education in Europe
SIGOSSEE (http://www.ossite.org/)
SHAREDKNOWLEDGESITES
http://www.opencontent.org/ocwfinder
MERLOT (www.merlot.org)
Harvey Project
(http://HarveyProject.org/)
Educational Object Economy
(http://www.eoe.org)
OSsiteSIG Open-Source Software for
Education in Europe
SIGOSSEE (http://www.ossite.org/)
SHAREDKNOWLEDGESITES
INSTITUTIONALEFFORTS
MIT Open Course Ware Movement :
MIT Open Course Ware (MIT OCW) is a remarkable
story of an institution rallying around an ideal, and
then delivering on the promise of that ideal. MIT
OCW makes the course materials of almost all MIT’s
undergraduate and graduate programmesavailable
on the web, free of charge, to any user anywhere in
the world. At present, there are as many as 1800
(www.ocww.mit.edu) courses covering various
disciplines
47
MIT Open Course Ware Movement :
MIT Open Course Ware (MIT OCW) is a remarkable
story of an institution rallying around an ideal, and
then delivering on the promise of that ideal. MIT
OCW makes the course materials of almost all MIT’s
undergraduate and graduate programmesavailable
on the web, free of charge, to any user anywhere in
the world. At present, there are as many as 1800
(www.ocww.mit.edu) courses covering various
disciplines
47
UNESCO’SINITIATIVE
UNESCO’s initiative in 2002 resulted in the free
access to certain journals. A little later Creative
Commons announced its online licensing system.
UNESCO’s communication networks helped it
become popular and widely used throughout the
developing world.
Further, UNESCO convened the Forum on the
Impact of Open CourseWarefor Higher Education in
developing countries. Out of that Forum emerged the
term Open Educational Resources (OERs). UNESCO
action related to OERs was concentrated on
awareness raising in Member States on the potential
of sharing educational materials as OERs.
48
UNESCO’s initiative in 2002 resulted in the free
access to certain journals. A little later Creative
Commons announced its online licensing system.
UNESCO’s communication networks helped it
become popular and widely used throughout the
developing world.
Further, UNESCO convened the Forum on the
Impact of Open CourseWarefor Higher Education in
developing countries. Out of that Forum emerged the
term Open Educational Resources (OERs). UNESCO
action related to OERs was concentrated on
awareness raising in Member States on the potential
of sharing educational materials as OERs.
48
THECOMMONWEALTH OFLEARNING(COL)
INITIATIVES
TheCOLhastakenupseveralinitiativesfordevelopment
andpromotionofOERsincommonwealthcountries.
Learning4ContentisoneoftheCOL’sinitiativetobuild
theskillsofeducatorstodevelopOERsusingwiki
technology.Theprojectbuildsuponthespiritof
voluntarismthatcharacterizesthewikiandfree
knowledgecommunities.AnotherprojectofCOLis
eLearningforEducationSectorDevelopmentaimedat
convertingODLmaterialsinto"wiki"formatthrough
WikiEducator.COLisalsoco-ordinatingthedevelopment
ofaVirtualUniversityforSmallStatesofthe
Commonwealth(VUSSC).TheVUSSCmembershave
startedtheirfirstprojecttocreateOERs,usingexiting
availablecoursecontentwhichwillbemadeavailablevia
theInternet(www.col.org).
49
INITIATIVES
TheCOLhastakenupseveralinitiativesfordevelopment
andpromotionofOERsincommonwealthcountries.
Learning4ContentisoneoftheCOL’sinitiativetobuild
theskillsofeducatorstodevelopOERsusingwiki
technology.Theprojectbuildsuponthespiritof
voluntarismthatcharacterizesthewikiandfree
knowledgecommunities.AnotherprojectofCOLis
eLearningforEducationSectorDevelopmentaimedat
convertingODLmaterialsinto"wiki"formatthrough
WikiEducator.COLisalsoco-ordinatingthedevelopment
ofaVirtualUniversityforSmallStatesofthe
Commonwealth(VUSSC).TheVUSSCmembershave
startedtheirfirstprojecttocreateOERs,usingexiting
availablecoursecontentwhichwillbemadeavailablevia
theInternet(www.col.org).
49
UK OPENUNIVERSITY
TheOpenUniversityisthefirsthighereducation
institutionintheUKtomakeitseducationalresources
freelyavailableonline(1969).TheWilliamandFlora
HewlettFoundation(www.hewlett.org)agreedtogrant
towardsthecostoftheOpenUniversity’sOpenLearning
PilotthatstartedinApril2006.
Theotherimportantinternationalinitiativesincreating
andpromotingtheuseofopeneducationalresources
includetheinitiativesofOERdgCommunity
(www.dgfoundation.org)launchedbyUNESCO,online
discussionsforumrelatedtoFreeandOpenSource
Software(FOSS)bytheUNESCO’sInternationalInstitute
forEducationalPlanning(IIEP)andGlobalLibrary
ServicesNetwork(www.glsn.com)
50
TheOpenUniversityisthefirsthighereducation
institutionintheUKtomakeitseducationalresources
freelyavailableonline(1969).TheWilliamandFlora
HewlettFoundation(www.hewlett.org)agreedtogrant
towardsthecostoftheOpenUniversity’sOpenLearning
PilotthatstartedinApril2006.
Theotherimportantinternationalinitiativesincreating
andpromotingtheuseofopeneducationalresources
includetheinitiativesofOERdgCommunity
(www.dgfoundation.org)launchedbyUNESCO,online
discussionsforumrelatedtoFreeandOpenSource
Software(FOSS)bytheUNESCO’sInternationalInstitute
forEducationalPlanning(IIEP)andGlobalLibrary
ServicesNetwork(www.glsn.com)
50
KHANACADEMY
Khan Academy provides a library of more than 4100
educational videos, interactive challenges, and
assessments, for K-12 and higher education. Khan
Academy videos have been watched more than 250
million times since its launch and the website
receives 6 million unique visitors on a monthly basis.
India has the third largest viewership after USA and
Canada. Khan Academy videos have been translated
in more than 30 languages.
In India also, there are on-going efforts to translate
Khan Academy videos in Indian-accented English
and/or other Indian languages.
51
Khan Academy provides a library of more than 4100
educational videos, interactive challenges, and
assessments, for K-12 and higher education. Khan
Academy videos have been watched more than 250
million times since its launch and the website
receives 6 million unique visitors on a monthly basis.
India has the third largest viewership after USA and
Canada. Khan Academy videos have been translated
in more than 30 languages.
In India also, there are on-going efforts to translate
Khan Academy videos in Indian-accented English
and/or other Indian languages.
51
LEARNINGRESOURCEEXCHANGEFOR
SCHOOLSINEUROPE
LearningResourceExchangeforSchools(LRE)isa
servicelaunchedbyEuropeanSchoolnet,in2004,to
enableteachereducatorsforfindingmultilingual
OERfrommanycountriesandproviders.Theportal
offersafederatedsearchcapability,acrossanetwork
of20OERrepositoriesincludingthoseof16
MinistriesofEducationinEurope.Currently,more
than200,000learningresourcesfrommorethan50
contentprovidersaresearchablebasedonlanguage,
subject,resourcetypesandagerange
52
SCHOOLSINEUROPE
LearningResourceExchangeforSchools(LRE)isa
servicelaunchedbyEuropeanSchoolnet,in2004,to
enableteachereducatorsforfindingmultilingual
OERfrommanycountriesandproviders.Theportal
offersafederatedsearchcapability,acrossanetwork
of20OERrepositoriesincludingthoseof16
MinistriesofEducationinEurope.Currently,more
than200,000learningresourcesfrommorethan50
contentprovidersaresearchablebasedonlanguage,
subject,resourcetypesandagerange
52
SAOPAULOMUNICIPALITYLEGISLATIONON
OER
Brazil has over the years has launched many OER
initiatives in K-12. One of the notable ones is
legislation in 2011, by the municipality of São Paulo
Department of Education, that mandates that all its
educational and pedagogical content] be made
available, under the Attribution non-Commercial
Share-Alike (BY-NC-SA) license.
53
OER
Brazil has over the years has launched many OER
initiatives in K-12. One of the notable ones is
legislation in 2011, by the municipality of São Paulo
Department of Education, that mandates that all its
educational and pedagogical content] be made
available, under the Attribution non-Commercial
Share-Alike (BY-NC-SA) license.
53
HIPPOCAMPUS-NATIONALREPOSITORYOF
ONLINECOURSES(NROC)
NROC offers a library of high-quality course content
for students and teachers in higher education, high
school (Grade 9 –12) and Advanced Placement.
Courses in the NROC library are contributed by
developers from leading academic organizations in
the USA. NROC content is available for free to
students and teachers on public websites including
Hippocampus. NROC is funded by a grant from the
William and Flora Hewlett Foundation.
54
ONLINECOURSES(NROC)
NROC offers a library of high-quality course content
for students and teachers in higher education, high
school (Grade 9 –12) and Advanced Placement.
Courses in the NROC library are contributed by
developers from leading academic organizations in
the USA. NROC content is available for free to
students and teachers on public websites including
Hippocampus. NROC is funded by a grant from the
William and Flora Hewlett Foundation.
54
OER COMMONS
Open Educational Resources (OER) are teaching and learning materials
that are freely available online for everyone to use, whether you are an
instructor, student or self-learner. Examples of OER include:
full courses, course modules, syllabi, lectures, homework assignments,
quizzes, lab and classroom activities, pedagogical materials, games,
simulations, and many more resources contained in digital media
collections from around the world.
OER Commons provides a library of 46,000 educational modules for K-12
and higher education, from more than 500major content providers. These
resources have been curatedand rated by experts and; are aligned to the
common core standards in the USA. Teachers and students can search,
discover and refer to OER material.
http://www.oercommons.org/
55
Open Educational Resources (OER) are teaching and learning materials
that are freely available online for everyone to use, whether you are an
instructor, student or self-learner. Examples of OER include:
full courses, course modules, syllabi, lectures, homework assignments,
quizzes, lab and classroom activities, pedagogical materials, games,
simulations, and many more resources contained in digital media
collections from around the world.
OER Commons provides a library of 46,000 educational modules for K-12
and higher education, from more than 500major content providers. These
resources have been curatedand rated by experts and; are aligned to the
common core standards in the USA. Teachers and students can search,
discover and refer to OER material.
http://www.oercommons.org/
55
56
OCWC
57
57
CURRIKI
Currikiis a free community that provides OER for K-
12. These resources are contributed by members of
Currikicommunity including educators, partners
and parents from 193 countries and are peer-reviewed
for quality and adherence to 47,400 the OER
contributed by educators, partners and parents.
Currikihas 8.5 million users and receives more than
2.5 million views each year.
58
Currikiis a free community that provides OER for K-
12. These resources are contributed by members of
Currikicommunity including educators, partners
and parents from 193 countries and are peer-reviewed
for quality and adherence to 47,400 the OER
contributed by educators, partners and parents.
Currikihas 8.5 million users and receives more than
2.5 million views each year.
58
CK-12
CK-12 is a non-profit organization dedicated to
increasing access to high quality educational
materials for K-12 students, all over the world. CK-12
offers high-quality standards –aligned open content
in science, technology, engineering and maths
(STEM) subjects, through an integrated set of tools
for learning, such as digital textbooks, concepts-
based learning resources, SAT preparation, and an
interactive Algebra curriculum.
59
CK-12 is a non-profit organization dedicated to
increasing access to high quality educational
materials for K-12 students, all over the world. CK-12
offers high-quality standards –aligned open content
in science, technology, engineering and maths
(STEM) subjects, through an integrated set of tools
for learning, such as digital textbooks, concepts-
based learning resources, SAT preparation, and an
interactive Algebra curriculum.
59
CONNEXIONS
Connexionsis a global repository of educational
content for learners from all walks of life, including
K-12 and higher education in nearly every discipline,
including math, science, psychology, sociology,
history etc. Connexions’repository consists of more
than 17,000 learning objects or modules and over
1000 collections (textbooks, journal articles etc.).
60
Connexionsis a global repository of educational
content for learners from all walks of life, including
K-12 and higher education in nearly every discipline,
including math, science, psychology, sociology,
history etc. Connexions’repository consists of more
than 17,000 learning objects or modules and over
1000 collections (textbooks, journal articles etc.).
60
OPENTEXTBOOKS: CONNEXIONS
61
61
OPENTEXTBOOKSFORK12: SIYAVULA
62
62
AGGREGATEDVIDEO/PODCASTS: ACADEMIC
EARTH
63
EARTH
63
MIXEDMEDIA: WIKIMEDIA
64
64
FREEANDOPENSOURCESOFTWARE
Word Press
Audacity
OpenOffice.org
Gimp
UbUntU
Notepad or Dreamweaver
WLC Media Player
65
Word Press
Audacity
OpenOffice.org
Gimp
UbUntU
Notepad or Dreamweaver
WLC Media Player
65
OPENACCESSRESEARCH: DOAJ
66
66
B C OPENTEXTBOOKPROJECT
67
67
MASSIVEOPENONLINECOURSES
(MOOCS): PLENK2010
68
(MOOCS): PLENK2010
68
MOOCS
69
69
EDX-MIT
70
70
PHETINTERACTIVESIMULATIONS
PhETprovides more than 130 interactive, research-
based simulations, for teaching Science and Math to
school and university students. These simulations
play a useful role in making a connection between
real life and science concepts. Translated into 66
languages, PhEThas been delivered more than 130
million simulations so far and runs more than 25
million simulations every year. PhETsimulations are
being used by many organizations for free, including
Pearson, Plato Learning and McGraw-Hill. PhEThas
been ranked by Google as the best portal for science
simulations.
71
PhETprovides more than 130 interactive, research-
based simulations, for teaching Science and Math to
school and university students. These simulations
play a useful role in making a connection between
real life and science concepts. Translated into 66
languages, PhEThas been delivered more than 130
million simulations so far and runs more than 25
million simulations every year. PhETsimulations are
being used by many organizations for free, including
Pearson, Plato Learning and McGraw-Hill. PhEThas
been ranked by Google as the best portal for science
simulations.
71
FREEHIGHSCHOOLSCIENCETEXTS(FHSST)
SOUTHAFRICA
FHSST is an initiative to develop and distribute free
science textbooks for Grade 10 –12 students in South
Africa. Textbooks are mapped to the government's
syllabus, and published under a Creative Commons
license (CC-by-SA), allowing teachers and students to
print or share them digitally.
72
SOUTHAFRICA
FHSST is an initiative to develop and distribute free
science textbooks for Grade 10 –12 students in South
Africa. Textbooks are mapped to the government's
syllabus, and published under a Creative Commons
license (CC-by-SA), allowing teachers and students to
print or share them digitally.
72
E-PUSTAKALAYAINNEPAL
Launched in 2009 by Open Learning Exchange
(OLE) Nepal, E-Pustakalayaoffers a digital library of
educational resources, including full-text documents,
books, images, videos, audio files, and interactive
educational software.
The aim of the project is to improve children's
reading skills, develop a reading culture in schools by
giving free and open access to age-appropriate
reading materials, and enable students to conduct
research projects and promote the habit of
independent inquiry.
73
Launched in 2009 by Open Learning Exchange
(OLE) Nepal, E-Pustakalayaoffers a digital library of
educational resources, including full-text documents,
books, images, videos, audio files, and interactive
educational software.
The aim of the project is to improve children's
reading skills, develop a reading culture in schools by
giving free and open access to age-appropriate
reading materials, and enable students to conduct
research projects and promote the habit of
independent inquiry.
73
WEEKENDOPENTEXTBOOKHACKATHONIN
FINLAND
A group of Finnish Mathematics researchers,
teachers and students made a record, when they
created an openly licensed senior-secondary
mathematics textbook, in a booksprintthat lasted
just 72 hours.
74
FINLAND
A group of Finnish Mathematics researchers,
teachers and students made a record, when they
created an openly licensed senior-secondary
mathematics textbook, in a booksprintthat lasted
just 72 hours.
74
WIKIEDUCATOR
The Wiki Educator is an evolving community
intended for the collaborative : planningof
education projects linked with the development
offree content
developmentof free content onWiki educatorfor e-
learning
work on buildingopen education
resources(OERs) onhowto create OERs
networking onfunding proposals developed as free
content
75
The Wiki Educator is an evolving community
intended for the collaborative : planningof
education projects linked with the development
offree content
developmentof free content onWiki educatorfor e-
learning
work on buildingopen education
resources(OERs) onhowto create OERs
networking onfunding proposals developed as free
content
75
WIKIEDUCATOR
76
76
WIKIEDUCATOR-INDIA
77
77
OER INITIATIVESININDIA
78
Consortium for Educational
Communication (CEC)
National Council of Educational
Research and Training (NCERT) –
online textbooks
National Science Digital Library
(NSDL)
VASAT-learning materials on
agricultural practices
Project Ekalavya-content
development in Indian languages.
Project OSCAR(Open Source
Courseware Animations Repository)
National Programmeon Technology
Enhanced Learning (NPTEL)
NME-ICT Web portal —Sakshat
National Repository of Open
Educational Resources (NROER)
RaiOpenCourseware-an initiative
of RaiFoundation.
Agropedia-information related to
agriculture in India
Vidwan
SHODHGANGA/SHODHGANGOTRI
ePGPathshala
National Digital library
NMECIT: National Mission on
Education through Information
and Communication Technology
NKN
VIDYA-MITRA
Infoport
Open Knowledge Gateway(OKG)
Swayam
78
Consortium for Educational
Communication (CEC)
National Council of Educational
Research and Training (NCERT) –
online textbooks
National Science Digital Library
(NSDL)
VASAT-learning materials on
agricultural practices
Project Ekalavya-content
development in Indian languages.
Project OSCAR(Open Source
Courseware Animations Repository)
National Programmeon Technology
Enhanced Learning (NPTEL)
NME-ICT Web portal —Sakshat
National Repository of Open
Educational Resources (NROER)
RaiOpenCourseware-an initiative
of RaiFoundation.
Agropedia-information related to
agriculture in India
Vidwan
SHODHGANGA/SHODHGANGOTRI
ePGPathshala
National Digital library
NMECIT: National Mission on
Education through Information
and Communication Technology
NKN
VIDYA-MITRA
Infoport
Open Knowledge Gateway(OKG)
Swayam
GATEWAYSERVICESFOROPENACCESSRESOURCES
SciGate: Science Information Portal (IISc)
AeroInfo: Aerospace Virtual Library (NAL)
Biotech Portal @ IIT Delhi
Library Portal @ IIT Kharagpur
Infoport@INFLIBNET
OKG @ MSU
79
SciGate: Science Information Portal (IISc)
AeroInfo: Aerospace Virtual Library (NAL)
Biotech Portal @ IIT Delhi
Library Portal @ IIT Kharagpur
Infoport@INFLIBNET
OKG @ MSU
79
E-PG PATHSHALA
AnMHRD,underitsNationalMissionon
EducationthroughICT(NME-ICT),hasassigned
worktotheUGCfordevelopmentofe-contentin
77subjectsatpostgraduatelevel.
Highquality,curriculum-based,interactive
contentindifferentsubjectsacrossalldisciplines
ofsocialsciences,arts,finearts&humanities,
natural&mathematicalsciences,linguisticsand
languagesisbeingdeveloped\
80
AnMHRD,underitsNationalMissionon
EducationthroughICT(NME-ICT),hasassigned
worktotheUGCfordevelopmentofe-contentin
77subjectsatpostgraduatelevel.
Highquality,curriculum-based,interactive
contentindifferentsubjectsacrossalldisciplines
ofsocialsciences,arts,finearts&humanities,
natural&mathematicalsciences,linguisticsand
languagesisbeingdeveloped\
80
SWAYAM
PrograminitiatedbyGovernmentofIndiaanddesignedto
achievethethreecardinalprinciplesofEducationPolicyviz.,
access,equityandquality
SWAYAM isan instrument for self-
actualisationprovidingopportunitiesforalife-long
learning.Herelearnercanchoosefromhundredsofcourses,
virtuallyeverycoursethatistaughtattheuniversity/college
/schoollevelandtheseshallbeofferedbybestofthe
teachersinIndiaandelsewhere.
Allcourseswouldbeofferedfreeofcostunderthis
programmehoweverfeeswouldbeleviedincaselearner
requirescertificate.
Theobjectiveofthiseffortistotakethebestteaching
learningresourcestoall
81
PrograminitiatedbyGovernmentofIndiaanddesignedto
achievethethreecardinalprinciplesofEducationPolicyviz.,
access,equityandquality
SWAYAM isan instrument for self-
actualisationprovidingopportunitiesforalife-long
learning.Herelearnercanchoosefromhundredsofcourses,
virtuallyeverycoursethatistaughtattheuniversity/college
/schoollevelandtheseshallbeofferedbybestofthe
teachersinIndiaandelsewhere.
Allcourseswouldbeofferedfreeofcostunderthis
programmehoweverfeeswouldbeleviedincaselearner
requirescertificate.
Theobjectiveofthiseffortistotakethebestteaching
learningresourcestoall
81
CONTINUED…
Allthecoursesareinteractive,preparedbythebestteachers
inthecountry
ThecourseshostedonSWAYAMwillbein4quadrants–
-Videolecture,
-Speciallypreparedreadingmaterialthatcanbe
downloaded/printed
-Self-assessmentteststhroughtestsandquizzes
-Anonlinediscussionforumforclearingthedoubts
82
Allthecoursesareinteractive,preparedbythebestteachers
inthecountry
ThecourseshostedonSWAYAMwillbein4quadrants–
-Videolecture,
-Speciallypreparedreadingmaterialthatcanbe
downloaded/printed
-Self-assessmentteststhroughtestsandquizzes
-Anonlinediscussionforumforclearingthedoubts
82
SHODHGANGA
Shodhgangastandsforthereservoirof
Indianintellectualoutputstoredina
repositoryhostedandmaintainedbythe
INFLIBNETCentre.
TheShodhganga@INFLIBNETisset-up
usinganopensourcedigitalrepository
softwarecalledDSpacedevelopedbyMIT
83
Shodhgangastandsforthereservoirof
Indianintellectualoutputstoredina
repositoryhostedandmaintainedbythe
INFLIBNETCentre.
TheShodhganga@INFLIBNETisset-up
usinganopensourcedigitalrepository
softwarecalledDSpacedevelopedbyMIT
83
SHODHGANGOTRI
Undertheinitiativecalled“ShodhGangotri”,research
scholars/researchsupervisorsinuniversitiesare
requestedtodepositelectronicversionofapproved
synopsissubmittedbyresearchscholarstothe
universitiesforregisteringthemselvesforthePh.D
programme.
Therepositoryononehand,wouldrevealthetrendsand
directionsofresearchbeingconductedinIndian
universities,ontheotherhanditwouldavoidduplication
ofresearch.
84
Undertheinitiativecalled“ShodhGangotri”,research
scholars/researchsupervisorsinuniversitiesare
requestedtodepositelectronicversionofapproved
synopsissubmittedbyresearchscholarstothe
universitiesforregisteringthemselvesforthePh.D
programme.
Therepositoryononehand,wouldrevealthetrendsand
directionsofresearchbeingconductedinIndian
universities,ontheotherhanditwouldavoidduplication
ofresearch.
84
VIDWAN
VIDWANisthepremierdatabaseofprofiles
ofscientists/researchersandotherfaculty
membersworkingatleadingacademic
institutionsandotherR&Dorganisation
involvedinteachingandresearchinIndia.
Itprovidesimportantinformationabout
expert'sbackground,contactaddress,
experience,scholarlypublications,skillsand
accomplishments,researcheridentity,etc.
85
VIDWANisthepremierdatabaseofprofiles
ofscientists/researchersandotherfaculty
membersworkingatleadingacademic
institutionsandotherR&Dorganisation
involvedinteachingandresearchinIndia.
Itprovidesimportantinformationabout
expert'sbackground,contactaddress,
experience,scholarlypublications,skillsand
accomplishments,researcheridentity,etc.
85
VIDYA-MITRA
Vidya-mitraisanonlinelearningportalforallthee-
contentprojectsdevelopedundertheNME-ICT
(NationalMissiononEducationthroughInformation
andCommunicationTechnology),MHRD.Theportal
providesfacilitytosearchandbrowseallhostedcontent
whereinalearnercaneasilyaccessthedesiredmaterial
includingaudio/videolearningmaterial,textual
material,multimedia-enrichedmaterialsetc.througha
singleinterface.Moreover,featuresoffacetedsearch,
usagestatistics,project-wiseaccess,My-Spaceare
incorporatedinthisportal.
86
Vidya-mitraisanonlinelearningportalforallthee-
contentprojectsdevelopedundertheNME-ICT
(NationalMissiononEducationthroughInformation
andCommunicationTechnology),MHRD.Theportal
providesfacilitytosearchandbrowseallhostedcontent
whereinalearnercaneasilyaccessthedesiredmaterial
includingaudio/videolearningmaterial,textual
material,multimedia-enrichedmaterialsetc.througha
singleinterface.Moreover,featuresoffacetedsearch,
usagestatistics,project-wiseaccess,My-Spaceare
incorporatedinthisportal.
86
SHAKSHAT
ItisalandmarkinitiativeoftheMinistryofHuman
ResourceDevelopment(MHRD)todevelopaOneStop
EducationPortalforaddressingalltheeducationand
learningrelatedneedsofstudents,scholars,teachersand
lifelonglearners.
ItisafreeportallaunchedbytheHon’blePresidentof
Indiaon30thOctober2006.
Itcontainsmanye-repositoriesforschoolandhigher
education.Theportalisexpectedtobethemaindelivery
platformforthecontentsdevelopedundertheNational
MissiononEducationthroughICT(NMEICT)
87
ItisalandmarkinitiativeoftheMinistryofHuman
ResourceDevelopment(MHRD)todevelopaOneStop
EducationPortalforaddressingalltheeducationand
learningrelatedneedsofstudents,scholars,teachersand
lifelonglearners.
ItisafreeportallaunchedbytheHon’blePresidentof
Indiaon30thOctober2006.
Itcontainsmanye-repositoriesforschoolandhigher
education.Theportalisexpectedtobethemaindelivery
platformforthecontentsdevelopedundertheNational
MissiononEducationthroughICT(NMEICT)
87
EKLAVYA
EklavyaprojectlaunchedjointlybyIIT,
BombayandIGNOUon26thJanuary,2003
aimsatafreeexchangeofknowledgeand
ideas,byplacingalltherelevantacademic
materialintheOpenSource.
TheprojecthasdevelopedanOpenSource
Educational Resources Animation
Repository(OSCAR)tocreatearepositoryof
web-based,interactiveanimationsfor
teachingvariousconceptsandtechnologies.88
EklavyaprojectlaunchedjointlybyIIT,
BombayandIGNOUon26thJanuary,2003
aimsatafreeexchangeofknowledgeand
ideas,byplacingalltherelevantacademic
materialintheOpenSource.
TheprojecthasdevelopedanOpenSource
Educational Resources Animation
Repository(OSCAR)tocreatearepositoryof
web-based,interactiveanimationsfor
teachingvariousconceptsandtechnologies.88
INFOPORT: A SUBJECTGATEWAYFORINDIAN
ELECTRONIC-RESOURCES
Thegatewayopen-upstheIndianscholarlycontentscattered
overtheInternetthroughanintegratedinterfacethatsupport
search,browseandmultiplelisting.TheInfoPortselectively
cataloguesonlineresourcesofIndianoriginondiversified
subjectsavailableinopenaccessthroughanelaborateprocess
oftestingandevaluation.
TheCentreproposestocollaboratewithlibrariansandscholars
incollegeanduniversitiesintheprocessofidentificationand
selectionofresources
Theuniverseofknowledgeisdividedintodifferentsubject
groups.AccordingtotheDeweyDecimalClassification,the
universeofknowledgeisscatteredfrom000to999.
InfoPortisclassifiedaccordingtoDDC,indexedsubjectwise
andarrangedalphabeticallysubjects 89
ELECTRONIC-RESOURCES
Thegatewayopen-upstheIndianscholarlycontentscattered
overtheInternetthroughanintegratedinterfacethatsupport
search,browseandmultiplelisting.TheInfoPortselectively
cataloguesonlineresourcesofIndianoriginondiversified
subjectsavailableinopenaccessthroughanelaborateprocess
oftestingandevaluation.
TheCentreproposestocollaboratewithlibrariansandscholars
incollegeanduniversitiesintheprocessofidentificationand
selectionofresources
Theuniverseofknowledgeisdividedintodifferentsubject
groups.AccordingtotheDeweyDecimalClassification,the
universeofknowledgeisscatteredfrom000to999.
InfoPortisclassifiedaccordingtoDDC,indexedsubjectwise
andarrangedalphabeticallysubjects 89
OPENKNOWLEDGEGATEWAY(OKG)
OpenKnowledgeGatewayprovidesaplatformtothestudents,
researchersandfacultyofMSUtoaccessthefreeacademic
resourcesavailableonInternetwithoutgeographical
limitations.
Onecanaccesstheseresourcesfrom:
http://14.139.121.106/OKGW/
90
OpenKnowledgeGatewayprovidesaplatformtothestudents,
researchersandfacultyofMSUtoaccessthefreeacademic
resourcesavailableonInternetwithoutgeographical
limitations.
Onecanaccesstheseresourcesfrom:
http://14.139.121.106/OKGW/
90
OPENKNOWLEDGEGATEWAY@HML
91
91
OPENKNOWLEDGEGATEWAY(OKG)
92
92
EBASTA
eBastaisgovernmentsDigitalIndiainitiative,this
projecthascreatedaframeworktomakeschool
booksaccessibleindigitalformase-bookstoberead
andusedontabletsandlaptops.
Publisherscanpublishtheirresourcesontheportal
forusebytheschools.
Studentscanthendownloadsuchbastesfromthe
portal,ortheschoolmaydistributethemthrough
medialikeSDcards.
eBastaApp,downloadablefromtheportal,runson
anyAndroidtablet.ItcanaccesstheeBastacreated
usingtheportalandrenderitforeasynavigationby
thestudents. 93
eBastaisgovernmentsDigitalIndiainitiative,this
projecthascreatedaframeworktomakeschool
booksaccessibleindigitalformase-bookstoberead
andusedontabletsandlaptops.
Publisherscanpublishtheirresourcesontheportal
forusebytheschools.
Studentscanthendownloadsuchbastesfromthe
portal,ortheschoolmaydistributethemthrough
medialikeSDcards.
eBastaApp,downloadablefromtheportal,runson
anyAndroidtablet.ItcanaccesstheeBastacreated
usingtheportalandrenderitforeasynavigationby
thestudents. 93
GEOGEBRA
GeoGebraisdesignedforDynamicmathematicsfor
learningandteaching.
GeoGebraisamulti-platformmathematicssoftware
thatgiveseveryonethechancetoexperiencethe
extraordinaryinsightsthatmathmakespossible.It
makesmathtangible.
GeoGebramakesalinkbetweenGeometryand
Algebrainanentirelynew,visualwaystudentscan
finallysee,touchandexperiencemath.GeoGebra
doesn’treplaceteachers.
Ithelpsteachersdowhattheydobestteach.
http://www.geogebra.org/
http://tube.geogebra.org/
94
GeoGebraisdesignedforDynamicmathematicsfor
learningandteaching.
GeoGebraisamulti-platformmathematicssoftware
thatgiveseveryonethechancetoexperiencethe
extraordinaryinsightsthatmathmakespossible.It
makesmathtangible.
GeoGebramakesalinkbetweenGeometryand
Algebrainanentirelynew,visualwaystudentscan
finallysee,touchandexperiencemath.GeoGebra
doesn’treplaceteachers.
Ithelpsteachersdowhattheydobestteach.
http://www.geogebra.org/
http://tube.geogebra.org/
94
ICT CURRICULA
ThepresentcurriculaforICTinEducationaimsat
realizingthegoalsoftheNationalPolicyofICTin
SchoolsEducationandtheNationalCurriculum
Framework.
GiventhedynamicnatureofICT,thecurricula,
emphasizingthecoreeducationalpurposes,is
genericindesignandfocusesonabroadexposureto
technologies,togetheraimedatenhancingcreativity
andimaginationofthelearners.
http://ictcurriculum.gov.in/
95
ThepresentcurriculaforICTinEducationaimsat
realizingthegoalsoftheNationalPolicyofICTin
SchoolsEducationandtheNationalCurriculum
Framework.
GiventhedynamicnatureofICT,thecurricula,
emphasizingthecoreeducationalpurposes,is
genericindesignandfocusesonabroadexposureto
technologies,togetheraimedatenhancingcreativity
andimaginationofthelearners.
http://ictcurriculum.gov.in/
95
NATIONALPORTAL
ThisistheNationalPortalofIndia,developedwith
anobjectivetoenableasinglewindowaccessto
informationandservicesbeingprovidedbythe
variousIndianGovernmententities.Thecontentin
thisPortalistheresultofacollaborativeeffortof
variousIndianGovernmentMinistriesand
Departments,attheCentral/State/Districtlevel.This
PortalisMissionModeProjectundertheNationalE-
GovernancePlan,designedandmaintainedby
NationalInformaticsCentre(NIC),DeitY,MoCIT,
GovernmentofIndia.
http://india.gov.in/
http://bharat.gov.in/
96
ThisistheNationalPortalofIndia,developedwith
anobjectivetoenableasinglewindowaccessto
informationandservicesbeingprovidedbythe
variousIndianGovernmententities.Thecontentin
thisPortalistheresultofacollaborativeeffortof
variousIndianGovernmentMinistriesand
Departments,attheCentral/State/Districtlevel.This
PortalisMissionModeProjectundertheNationalE-
GovernancePlan,designedandmaintainedby
NationalInformaticsCentre(NIC),DeitY,MoCIT,
GovernmentofIndia.
http://india.gov.in/
http://bharat.gov.in/
96
TESS-INDIA
TheTESS-IndiaprojectisledbyTheOpenUniversityintheUK
andisfundedbyUKaidfromtheUKgovernment.Itisworking
towardsimprovingthequalityofteachereducationinIndia.
InitiatedinNovember2012,theprojectfocusesonthe
professionaldevelopmentofteachereducatorsandteachersin
thestatesofBihar,MadhyaPradesh,UttarPradesh,Odisha,
Karnataka,AssamandWestBengal.
TheTESS-IndiaOpenEducationalResources(OER)comprise
105unitsforclassroomteachersinelementaryandsecondary
schools(TeacherDevelopmentOER),and20unitsforschool
leaders(SchoolLeadershipOER).TheOERareavailablein
multipleversionsforuseinarangeoflinguisticandcultural
contexts.HereyouwillfindtheEnglishlanguageversions.
TESSIndiahaslearningresourcesinElementaryMaths,
ElementaryEnglish,ElementaryScience,ElementaryLanguage
andLiteracy,secondaryEnglish,MathsandScience.
https://www.tess-india.edu.in/
97
TheTESS-IndiaprojectisledbyTheOpenUniversityintheUK
andisfundedbyUKaidfromtheUKgovernment.Itisworking
towardsimprovingthequalityofteachereducationinIndia.
InitiatedinNovember2012,theprojectfocusesonthe
professionaldevelopmentofteachereducatorsandteachersin
thestatesofBihar,MadhyaPradesh,UttarPradesh,Odisha,
Karnataka,AssamandWestBengal.
TheTESS-IndiaOpenEducationalResources(OER)comprise
105unitsforclassroomteachersinelementaryandsecondary
schools(TeacherDevelopmentOER),and20unitsforschool
leaders(SchoolLeadershipOER).TheOERareavailablein
multipleversionsforuseinarangeoflinguisticandcultural
contexts.HereyouwillfindtheEnglishlanguageversions.
TESSIndiahaslearningresourcesinElementaryMaths,
ElementaryEnglish,ElementaryScience,ElementaryLanguage
andLiteracy,secondaryEnglish,MathsandScience.
https://www.tess-india.edu.in/
97
EDX
EdXwascreatedforstudentsandinstitutionsthat
seektotransformthemselvesthroughcuttingedge
technologies,innovativepedagogy,andrigorous
courses.
Throughourinstitutionalpartners,thexConsortium,
alongwithotherleadingglobalmembers,itpresent
thebestofhighereducationonline,offering
opportunitytoanyonewhowantstoachieve,thrive,
andgrow.
TheedXplatformisavailableasopensource.By
conductingandpublishingsignificantresearchon
howstudentslearn,itwillempowerandinspire
educatorsaroundtheworldandpromotesuccessin
learning.
98
EdXwascreatedforstudentsandinstitutionsthat
seektotransformthemselvesthroughcuttingedge
technologies,innovativepedagogy,andrigorous
courses.
Throughourinstitutionalpartners,thexConsortium,
alongwithotherleadingglobalmembers,itpresent
thebestofhighereducationonline,offering
opportunitytoanyonewhowantstoachieve,thrive,
andgrow.
TheedXplatformisavailableasopensource.By
conductingandpublishingsignificantresearchon
howstudentslearn,itwillempowerandinspire
educatorsaroundtheworldandpromotesuccessin
learning.
98
GOOGLEBOOKS
BookSearchworksjustlikewebsearch.TryasearchonGoogle
BooksoronGoogle.com.Whenwefindabookwithcontent
thatcontainsamatchforyoursearchterms,we'lllinktoitin
yoursearchresults.
Browsebooksonline:Ifthebookisoutofcopyright,orthe
publisherhasgivenuspermission,you'llbeabletoseea
previewofthebook,andinsomecasestheentiretext.
Ifit'sinthepublicdomain,you'refreetodownloadaPDFcopy.
Buybooksorborrowfromthelibrary:Ifyoufindabook
youlike,clickonthe"Buythisbook"and"Borrowthisbook"
linkstoseewhereyoucanbuyorborrowtheprintbook.Youcan
nowalsobuytheebookfromtheGooglePlayStore.
Learnmorefast:We'vecreatedreferencepagesforevery
booksoyoucanquicklyfindallkindsofrelevant
information:bookreviews,webreferences,mapsandmore.
https://books.google.co.in/ 99
BookSearchworksjustlikewebsearch.TryasearchonGoogle
BooksoronGoogle.com.Whenwefindabookwithcontent
thatcontainsamatchforyoursearchterms,we'lllinktoitin
yoursearchresults.
Browsebooksonline:Ifthebookisoutofcopyright,orthe
publisherhasgivenuspermission,you'llbeabletoseea
previewofthebook,andinsomecasestheentiretext.
Ifit'sinthepublicdomain,you'refreetodownloadaPDFcopy.
Buybooksorborrowfromthelibrary:Ifyoufindabook
youlike,clickonthe"Buythisbook"and"Borrowthisbook"
linkstoseewhereyoucanbuyorborrowtheprintbook.Youcan
nowalsobuytheebookfromtheGooglePlayStore.
Learnmorefast:We'vecreatedreferencepagesforevery
booksoyoucanquicklyfindallkindsofrelevant
information:bookreviews,webreferences,mapsandmore.
https://books.google.co.in/ 99
GOOGLESCHOLAR
GoogleScholarprovidesasimplewaytobroadlysearchfor
scholarlyliterature.Fromoneplace,youcansearchacrossmany
disciplinesandsources:articles,theses,books,abstractsand
courtopinions,fromacademicpublishers,professional
societies,onlinerepositories,universitiesandotherwebsites.
GoogleScholarhelpsyoufindrelevantworkacrosstheworldof
scholarlyresearch.
FeaturesofGoogleScholar
·Searchallscholarlyliteraturefromoneconvenientplace
·Explorerelatedworks,citations,authors,andpublications
·Locatethecompletedocumentthroughyourlibraryoronthe
web
·Keepupwithrecentdevelopmentsinanyareaofresearch
·Checkwho'scitingyourpublications,createapublicauthor
profile
https://scholar.google.co.in/ 100
GoogleScholarprovidesasimplewaytobroadlysearchfor
scholarlyliterature.Fromoneplace,youcansearchacrossmany
disciplinesandsources:articles,theses,books,abstractsand
courtopinions,fromacademicpublishers,professional
societies,onlinerepositories,universitiesandotherwebsites.
GoogleScholarhelpsyoufindrelevantworkacrosstheworldof
scholarlyresearch.
FeaturesofGoogleScholar
·Searchallscholarlyliteraturefromoneconvenientplace
·Explorerelatedworks,citations,authors,andpublications
·Locatethecompletedocumentthroughyourlibraryoronthe
web
·Keepupwithrecentdevelopmentsinanyareaofresearch
·Checkwho'scitingyourpublications,createapublicauthor
profile
https://scholar.google.co.in/ 100
PHET
PhETprovidesfun,free,interactive,research-based
scienceandmathematicssimulations.Weextensivelytest
andevaluateeachsimulationtoensureeducational
effectiveness.Thesetestsincludestudentinterviewsand
observationofsimulationuseinclassrooms.
ThesimulationsarewritteninJava,FlashorHTML5,and
canberunonlineordownloadedtoyourcomputer.All
simulationsareopensource(seeoursourcecode).
MultiplesponsorssupportthePhETproject,enabling
theseresourcestobefreetoallstudentsandteachers.
http://phet.colorado.edu/
101
PhETprovidesfun,free,interactive,research-based
scienceandmathematicssimulations.Weextensivelytest
andevaluateeachsimulationtoensureeducational
effectiveness.Thesetestsincludestudentinterviewsand
observationofsimulationuseinclassrooms.
ThesimulationsarewritteninJava,FlashorHTML5,and
canberunonlineordownloadedtoyourcomputer.All
simulationsareopensource(seeoursourcecode).
MultiplesponsorssupportthePhETproject,enabling
theseresourcestobefreetoallstudentsandteachers.
http://phet.colorado.edu/
101
ENLVM
TheNationalLibraryofVirtualManipulativesNLVM)isanNSF
supportedprojectthatbeganin1999todevelopalibraryofuniquely
interactive,web-basedvirtualmanipulativeorconcepttutorials,
mostlyintheformofJavaapplets,formathematicsinstruction(K-12
emphasis).
Learningandunderstandingmathematics,ateverylevel,requires
studentengagement.Mathematicsisnot,ashasbeensaid,a
spectatorsport.Wecannowusecomputerstocreatevirtuallearning
environmentstoaddressthesamegoals.
Thereisaneedforgoodcomputer-basedmathematicalmanipulative
andinteractivelearningtoolsatelementaryandmiddleschoollevels.
TheuseofJavaasaprogramminglanguageprovidesplatform
independenceandweb-basedaccessibility.
TheNLVMisaresourcefromwhichteachersmayfreelydrawto
enrichtheirmathematicsclassrooms.Thelibraryisactivelybeing
extendedandrefinedthroughprojectsincludingtheeNLVM,a
projecttodevelopinteractive
onlinelearningunitsformathematics.
http://nlvm.usu.edu/
102
TheNationalLibraryofVirtualManipulativesNLVM)isanNSF
supportedprojectthatbeganin1999todevelopalibraryofuniquely
interactive,web-basedvirtualmanipulativeorconcepttutorials,
mostlyintheformofJavaapplets,formathematicsinstruction(K-12
emphasis).
Learningandunderstandingmathematics,ateverylevel,requires
studentengagement.Mathematicsisnot,ashasbeensaid,a
spectatorsport.Wecannowusecomputerstocreatevirtuallearning
environmentstoaddressthesamegoals.
Thereisaneedforgoodcomputer-basedmathematicalmanipulative
andinteractivelearningtoolsatelementaryandmiddleschoollevels.
TheuseofJavaasaprogramminglanguageprovidesplatform
independenceandweb-basedaccessibility.
TheNLVMisaresourcefromwhichteachersmayfreelydrawto
enrichtheirmathematicsclassrooms.Thelibraryisactivelybeing
extendedandrefinedthroughprojectsincludingtheeNLVM,a
projecttodevelopinteractive
onlinelearningunitsformathematics.
http://nlvm.usu.edu/
102
EDUTOPIA
Acomprehensivewebsiteandonlinecommunitythat
increasesknowledge,sharing,andadoptionofwhat
worksinK-12education.
project-basedlearning,comprehensiveassessment,
integratedstudies,socialandemotionallearning,
educationalleadershipandteacherdevelopment,
andtechnologyintegration.
http://www.edutopia.org/
104
Acomprehensivewebsiteandonlinecommunitythat
increasesknowledge,sharing,andadoptionofwhat
worksinK-12education.
project-basedlearning,comprehensiveassessment,
integratedstudies,socialandemotionallearning,
educationalleadershipandteacherdevelopment,
andtechnologyintegration.
http://www.edutopia.org/
104
OER ININDIA-IGNOU
105
Inter-UniversityConsortiumfor
Technology-Enabled Flexible
EducationandDevelopmentat
IGNOU(IUC-TEFED)
TheIUC-TEFEDwasestablishedin
IndiaatIGNOU(www.ignou.ac.in)in
2004asaneducation,training,
development,R&Dandservicecentre
onICT-enabledinteractivemultimedia
andonlineeducationforthedistance
educationsysteminthecountry.
Itundertakesnationaland
internationalcollaborativeR&D
activitiesfor appropriate
technologyapplicationsforeducation,
training,researchandextension.IUC-
TEFEDaimsattransformingthe
conventionaldistancelearningto
modernICT-enabled,multimedia
based,onlineandblendedlearning.
105
Inter-UniversityConsortiumfor
Technology-Enabled Flexible
EducationandDevelopmentat
IGNOU(IUC-TEFED)
TheIUC-TEFEDwasestablishedin
IndiaatIGNOU(www.ignou.ac.in)in
2004asaneducation,training,
development,R&Dandservicecentre
onICT-enabledinteractivemultimedia
andonlineeducationforthedistance
educationsysteminthecountry.
Itundertakesnationaland
internationalcollaborativeR&D
activitiesfor appropriate
technologyapplicationsforeducation,
training,researchandextension.IUC-
TEFEDaimsattransformingthe
conventionaldistancelearningto
modernICT-enabled,multimedia
based,onlineandblendedlearning.
E-GYANKOSH
106
IndiraGandhiNational
OpenUniversity(IGNOU)
launcheditse-Gyankosh
initiativein2005tostore,
index,preserve,distribute&
sharethedigitallearning
resourcesdevelopedby
them.
Theinitiativehasemergedas
oneoftheworld’slargest
educational resource
repository,underwhichover
95%oftheself-instructional
printmaterialsofIGNOU,
arenowavailableindigital
format.
106
IndiraGandhiNational
OpenUniversity(IGNOU)
launcheditse-Gyankosh
initiativein2005tostore,
index,preserve,distribute&
sharethedigitallearning
resourcesdevelopedby
them.
Theinitiativehasemergedas
oneoftheworld’slargest
educational resource
repository,underwhichover
95%oftheself-instructional
printmaterialsofIGNOU,
arenowavailableindigital
format.
FLEXILEARN@IGNOU
107
107
BITS INITIATIVE
TheBirlaInstituteofTechnologyandScience(BITS)
hasbroughtaround14,000bookstostudents,
researchscholarsandteachersattheclickofa
mouse.BITShastiedupwith‘24X7Learning’,a
leadinge-learningcompanyinIndia.Studentscan
directlypickupbooksfromthee-shelvesof290
publishers.Thewiderangeinthecyberlibrarycovers
ITPro,BusinessPro,ExecSummaries,FinancePro,
OfficeEssentialandEngineeringProinasearchable
format(www.i4donline.net).
108
TheBirlaInstituteofTechnologyandScience(BITS)
hasbroughtaround14,000bookstostudents,
researchscholarsandteachersattheclickofa
mouse.BITShastiedupwith‘24X7Learning’,a
leadinge-learningcompanyinIndia.Studentscan
directlypickupbooksfromthee-shelvesof290
publishers.Thewiderangeinthecyberlibrarycovers
ITPro,BusinessPro,ExecSummaries,FinancePro,
OfficeEssentialandEngineeringProinasearchable
format(www.i4donline.net).
108
DIGITALLIBRARYOFINDIA
TheDigitalLibraryofIndiaishostedattheRegional
Mega-scanningCentreatIIIT,Hyderabad.It'svision
istodigitizeallrecordedknowledgeintheworld.The
visionofthewebsitestates:“Forthefirsttimein
history,allthesignificantliterary,artistic,and
scientificworksofmankindcanbedigitally
preservedandmadefreelyavailable,ineverycorner
oftheworld,foroureducation,study,and
appreciationandthatofallourfuturegenerations.”
Currently,itisundertakingthemillionbookproject,
anddigitizingnon-copyrightedmaterials.Itisa
collaborativeprojectofover21institutionsinIndia.
(http://dli.iiit.ac.in/).
109
TheDigitalLibraryofIndiaishostedattheRegional
Mega-scanningCentreatIIIT,Hyderabad.It'svision
istodigitizeallrecordedknowledgeintheworld.The
visionofthewebsitestates:“Forthefirsttimein
history,allthesignificantliterary,artistic,and
scientificworksofmankindcanbedigitally
preservedandmadefreelyavailable,ineverycorner
oftheworld,foroureducation,study,and
appreciationandthatofallourfuturegenerations.”
Currently,itisundertakingthemillionbookproject,
anddigitizingnon-copyrightedmaterials.Itisa
collaborativeprojectofover21institutionsinIndia.
(http://dli.iiit.ac.in/).
109
OER ININDIA
110
The Versatile E-Learning Tool for
Distance Education, Video
Conferencing Tool.
A-VIEW (Amrita Virtual Interactive e-
Learning World) is an award winning
indigenously built multi-modal,
multimedia e-learning platform that
provides an immersive e-learning
experience that is almost as good as a
real classroom experience developed
by Amrita e-Learning Research Lab.
A-VIEW is part of Talk to a Teacher
program coordinated by IIT Bombay
and we are funded by the Ministry of
Human Resource Development
(MHRD) under the Indian
Government’s National Mission for
Education using Information and
Communication Technology (NME-
ICT) along with various other projects
in Virtual Labs, Hapticsand Natural
Language Processing.
110
The Versatile E-Learning Tool for
Distance Education, Video
Conferencing Tool.
A-VIEW (Amrita Virtual Interactive e-
Learning World) is an award winning
indigenously built multi-modal,
multimedia e-learning platform that
provides an immersive e-learning
experience that is almost as good as a
real classroom experience developed
by Amrita e-Learning Research Lab.
A-VIEW is part of Talk to a Teacher
program coordinated by IIT Bombay
and we are funded by the Ministry of
Human Resource Development
(MHRD) under the Indian
Government’s National Mission for
Education using Information and
Communication Technology (NME-
ICT) along with various other projects
in Virtual Labs, Hapticsand Natural
Language Processing.
OSCAR
111
OEI-open education initiative
is Ekalavya, launched by
Indian Institute of Technology,
Bombay. In this project,
content developed in various
Indian languages is distributed
over the Internet.
The Ekalavyaproject has
developed an Open Source
Educational Resources
Animation Repository
(OSCAR) that provides web-
based interactive animations
for teaching. OSCAR provides
a platform for student
developers to create
animations based on ideas and
guidance from instructors.
111
OEI-open education initiative
is Ekalavya, launched by
Indian Institute of Technology,
Bombay. In this project,
content developed in various
Indian languages is distributed
over the Internet.
The Ekalavyaproject has
developed an Open Source
Educational Resources
Animation Repository
(OSCAR) that provides web-
based interactive animations
for teaching. OSCAR provides
a platform for student
developers to create
animations based on ideas and
guidance from instructors.
TIFR
112
112
NKC
113
113
NPTEL
114
NationalProgramon
TechnologyEnabled
Learning(NPTEL)isa
projectcarriedoutby
sevenIITs,theIISc,and
other premier
institutionsaround
Indiaandfundedbythe
MHRD, hasgained
popularitywithmore
than90millionviews
and170,000subscribers
onitsYouTubechannel.
114
NationalProgramon
TechnologyEnabled
Learning(NPTEL)isa
projectcarriedoutby
sevenIITs,theIISc,and
other premier
institutionsaround
Indiaandfundedbythe
MHRD, hasgained
popularitywithmore
than90millionviews
and170,000subscribers
onitsYouTubechannel.
NCERT
115
115
NROER
116
NationalRepositoryforOpen
EducationalResources(NROER)
isawebplatformthatallowsfor
collaborativecreationofdigital
contentaswellasitsorganization
alongaconceptmap.
ItisaninitiativeofCIET,the
educationaltechnologyunitat
NCERT.Overthelasttwodecades,
CIEThascreatedseveralaudio
andvideoresourcesonK-12
educationtopics.Theseresources
havebeenmadeavailableto
studentsandteachersacrossthe
country,throughbroadcasting
technologies.
10,000+filesaretherewhich
includes:Image,video,Audiao,
Documentetcofallsubjects.
116
NationalRepositoryforOpen
EducationalResources(NROER)
isawebplatformthatallowsfor
collaborativecreationofdigital
contentaswellasitsorganization
alongaconceptmap.
ItisaninitiativeofCIET,the
educationaltechnologyunitat
NCERT.Overthelasttwodecades,
CIEThascreatedseveralaudio
andvideoresourcesonK-12
educationtopics.Theseresources
havebeenmadeavailableto
studentsandteachersacrossthe
country,throughbroadcasting
technologies.
10,000+filesaretherewhich
includes:Image,video,Audiao,
Documentetcofallsubjects.
NIOS
117
National Institute of Open
Schooling (NIOS), the world’s
largest open schooling system,
supplements self-learning
using print material as well as
audio, video and multi-media
material.
These resources are distributed
in CD format or broadcasted
through education channels on
television and radio.
It publishes the online version
of textbooks on its website. It
has also created a wiki-based
platform for Open Education
Resources.
117
National Institute of Open
Schooling (NIOS), the world’s
largest open schooling system,
supplements self-learning
using print material as well as
audio, video and multi-media
material.
These resources are distributed
in CD format or broadcasted
through education channels on
television and radio.
It publishes the online version
of textbooks on its website. It
has also created a wiki-based
platform for Open Education
Resources.
SAKSHAT
118
118
KOER
Karnataka’sDepartmentofStateEducational
ResearchandTraining(DSERT)haslauncheda
project,Karnataka-OpenEducationalResources
(KOER),tocreatecontextualteachingresources,for
allgradesandsubjectsforKarnatakaschoolteachers,
inEnglishandKannada,between2013and2016.
119
Karnataka’sDepartmentofStateEducational
ResearchandTraining(DSERT)haslauncheda
project,Karnataka-OpenEducationalResources
(KOER),tocreatecontextualteachingresources,for
allgradesandsubjectsforKarnatakaschoolteachers,
inEnglishandKannada,between2013and2016.
119
NDL
MinistryofHumanResourceDevelopmentunderitsNationalMissionon
EducationthroughInformationandCommunicationTechnologyhasinitiated
theNationalDigitalLibrary(NDL)pilotprojecttodevelopaframeworkofvirtual
repositoryoflearningresourceswithasingle-windowsearchfacility.
NDLisdesignedtoholdcontentofanylanguageandprovidesinterfacesupport
forleadingvernacularlanguages(currentlyHindiandBengali).Itisbeing
developedtohelpstudentstoprepareforentranceandcompetitiveexamination,
toenablepeopletolearnandpreparefrombestpracticesfromallovertheworld
andtofacilitateresearcherstoperforminter-linkedexplorationfrommultiple
sources.Thepilotprojectisdevisingaframeworksuitableforfuturescaleupwith
respecttocontentvolumeanddiversitytobecomeafull-blownNationalDigital
LibraryofIndiaovertime.
Educationalmaterialsareavailableforusersrangingfromprimarytopost-
graduatelevels
Itemsareavailableinmorethan70languages
Morethan40typesoflearningresourcesareavailable
13,00,000+Itemshavebeenauthoredby1lakhauthors
RepositoryhostscontentsfrommultiplesubjectdomainslikeTechnology,
Science,Humanities,Agricultureandothers
TypesofmaterialsincludesText,Audio,Video,Image,Animation,Simulation,
PresentationandApplicationetc
Currently75,675,373itemshosted
Anyonecanbrowseabovehosteditemsbytheirtype,sourceandsubjectetc..
https://ndl.iitkgp.ac.in/
120
MinistryofHumanResourceDevelopmentunderitsNationalMissionon
EducationthroughInformationandCommunicationTechnologyhasinitiated
theNationalDigitalLibrary(NDL)pilotprojecttodevelopaframeworkofvirtual
repositoryoflearningresourceswithasingle-windowsearchfacility.
NDLisdesignedtoholdcontentofanylanguageandprovidesinterfacesupport
forleadingvernacularlanguages(currentlyHindiandBengali).Itisbeing
developedtohelpstudentstoprepareforentranceandcompetitiveexamination,
toenablepeopletolearnandpreparefrombestpracticesfromallovertheworld
andtofacilitateresearcherstoperforminter-linkedexplorationfrommultiple
sources.Thepilotprojectisdevisingaframeworksuitableforfuturescaleupwith
respecttocontentvolumeanddiversitytobecomeafull-blownNationalDigital
LibraryofIndiaovertime.
Educationalmaterialsareavailableforusersrangingfromprimarytopost-
graduatelevels
Itemsareavailableinmorethan70languages
Morethan40typesoflearningresourcesareavailable
13,00,000+Itemshavebeenauthoredby1lakhauthors
RepositoryhostscontentsfrommultiplesubjectdomainslikeTechnology,
Science,Humanities,Agricultureandothers
TypesofmaterialsincludesText,Audio,Video,Image,Animation,Simulation,
PresentationandApplicationetc
Currently75,675,373itemshosted
Anyonecanbrowseabovehosteditemsbytheirtype,sourceandsubjectetc..
https://ndl.iitkgp.ac.in/
120
OPENENCYCLOPEDIA: WIKIPEDIA
121
121
Open Course with Open Standards and Interoperability
Integration of Ideas from multiple sources
Interoperability
Open content from different sources
Distributed Metadata
Collaborative learning Tools
CURRENTANDFUTURETRENDS
Integration of Ideas from multiple sources
Interoperability
Open content from different sources
Distributed Metadata
Collaborative learning Tools
CURRENTANDFUTURETRENDS
123
Wiki (Wikipedia): Open Encyclopedia
Blogs
Social Networking Tools
Collaborative Workspaces
Personal learning Environment
COLLABORATIVELEARNINGTOOLS
Wiki (Wikipedia): Open Encyclopedia
Blogs
Social Networking Tools
Collaborative Workspaces
Personal learning Environment
COLLABORATIVELEARNINGTOOLS
Collective Improvement of Knowledge
Chronological History and Evolvement of Knowledge
Collaborative Work in an Asynchronous way
Reusable Format
Technically speaking: a collection of Hyperlinked Web
pages assembled within a wiki software up to 5 lines!
COLLABORATIVELEARNINGTOOLS: WIKI
Chronological History and Evolvement of Knowledge
Collaborative Work in an Asynchronous way
Reusable Format
Technically speaking: a collection of Hyperlinked Web
pages assembled within a wiki software up to 5 lines!
COLLABORATIVELEARNINGTOOLS: WIKI
CLOSINGNOTE
"When you
learn
transparently
(and openly)
you become a
teacher“
125
"When you
learn
transparently
(and openly)
you become a
teacher“
125
Thank You…..
PPTs will be available on :
https://www.slideshare.net/DrTrivedi1
https://www.slideshare.net/mayanktrivedi21/present
ations
126
PPTs will be available on :
https://www.slideshare.net/DrTrivedi1
https://www.slideshare.net/mayanktrivedi21/present
ations
126
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