OPERANT CONDITIONING .pdf

Bs Education 3rd Semester (R)
2023-27
Subject Educational Psychology
Ms Saima
Institute of Education UOS

Final paper schedule
CALL(Mon) 03-6-2024(8:00-10:00)
Philosophy of education(TUE) 04-6-2024 (10:30am -12:30pm)
Educational psychology(WED) 05-6-2024(10: 30am -12:30pm)
educational technology and ICT (THUR)06-6-2024(8:00 -10:00)
English(Fri )07-6-2024(8:00-10:00)
Teaching of history and Geography(Mon )10-6-2024(8:00-10:00)

1. OPERANT
CONDITIONIN
G
PRESENTATION
GROUP NO 04
SUBMITTED TO
MS. SAIMA NASREEN
SUBMITTED BY
AQSA JABEEN (ROLL NO 14)
WAHAB HAFEEZ(ROLL NO 36)
FARMAN SHER (ROLL NO 31)
COURSE NAME
EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY
BS EDUCATION 3
rd
SEMESTER
INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA

2. What is
operant
conditioning?
Operant conditioning is a method of learning
that occurs through rewards and punishments
for behavior. Through operant conditioning, an
association is made between a behavior and a
consequence for that behavior.

3. Operant conditioning was coined by behaviorist Burrhus Frederic
Skinner, who believed that the organism, while going about it’s
everyday activities, is in the process of “operating” on the
environment. In the course of its activities, the organism
encounters a special kind of stimulus, called reinforcing stimulus,
or simply a reinforcer. This special stimulus has the effect of
increasing the behavior occurring just before the reinforcer.

4. EXAMPLES
• Children completing
homework to earn a
reward from a parent or
teacher.
• Employees finishing
projects to receive praise
or promotions
• A child who lost recess
privileges because he talk
out of turn in class
Examples of
operant
conditioning

5. Components
of Operant
conditioning
REINFORCEMENT
 A kind of stimulus that
aims to increase the
strength in behavior due
to its consequence
PUNISHMENT
Punishment is a kind of
stimulus that aims to
decrease the strength in
behavior due to its
consequence.
OR
Any event that causes a
decrease in the behavior

6. Types of
reinforcement
POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT
are favorable events that are presented
after the behavior
(Reward Learning)
NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT
a response or behavior is strengthened by
stopping, removing or avoiding a negative
outcome or aversive stimulus
(escape-avoidance learning)

7. Types of
punishment
NEGATIVE PUNISHMENT
It involves taking something good or desirable away to
reduce the occurrence of particular behavior.
(punishment by removal)
EXAMPLE:
after getting low grades in her subjects because of
spending more time in texting rather than in studying,
her mother takes her cellphone away.
Negative punishment is more effective if:
• It immediately follows a response.
• It is applied consistently.

8. POSITIVE PUNISHMENT
involves presenting an unfavorable outcome or event
following an undesirable behavior (punishment by
application)
EXAMPLE:
wearing favorite dress to class but reprimanded by the
teacher for violating the school’s dress code

9. THANK YOU