Operating system

An operating system is a program that acts as an interface between the user and the computer hardware and controls the execution of all kinds of programs.

1. Operating System

2. •AnOperatingSystem(OS)isaninterface
betweenacomputeruserandcomputer
hardware.Anoperatingsystemisasoftware
whichperformsallthebasictaskslikefile
management,memorymanagement,process
management,handlinginputandoutput,and
controllingperipheraldevicessuchasdisk
drivesandprinters.

5. Anoperatingsystemisaprogram
thatactsasaninterfacebetween
theuserandthecomputer
hardwareandcontrolsthe
executionofallkindsofprograms.

6. •Followingaresomeofimportantfunctionsofan
operatingSystem.
–MemoryManagement
–ProcessorManagement
–DeviceManagement
–FileManagement
–Security
–Controloversystemperformance
–Jobaccounting
–Errordetectingaids
–Coordinationbetweenothersoftwareandusers

7. Memory Management
•Keeps tracks of primary memory, i.e., what
part of it are in use by whom, what part are
not in use.
•In multiprogramming, the OS decides which
process will get memory when and how much.

8. ProcessorManagement
•Keepstracksofprocessorandstatusof
process.Theprogramresponsibleforthistask
isknownastrafficcontroller.
•Allocatestheprocessor(CPU)toaprocess.

9. DeviceManagement
•Keepstracksofalldevices.Program
responsibleforthistaskisknownastheI/O
controller.
•Decideswhichprocessgetsthedevicewhen
andforhowmuchtime.

10. File Management
•Keeps track of information, location, uses,
status etc. The collective facilities are often
known asfile system.
•Decides who gets the resources.

11. OtherImportantActivities
•Security−Bymeansofpasswordandsimilarother
techniques,itpreventsunauthorizedaccesstoprogramsand
data.
•Controloversystemperformance−Recordingdelays
betweenrequestforaserviceandresponsefromthesystem.
•Jobaccounting−Keepingtrackoftimeandresourcesusedby
variousjobsandusers.
•Errordetectingaids−Productionofdumps,traces,error
messages,andotherdebugginganderrordetectingaids.
•Coordinationbetweenothersoftwaresandusers−
Coordinationandassignmentofcompilers,interpreters,
assemblersandothersoftwaretothevarioususersofthe
computersystems.

12. Types of Operating System

13. Types of Operating System
Batchoperatingsystem
•Theusersofabatch
operatingsystemdonot
interactwiththecomputer
directly.Eachuserprepares
hisjobonanoff-linedevice
likepunchcardsand
submitsittothecomputer
operator.Tospeedup
processing,jobswith
similarneedsarebatched
togetherandrunasa
group.

14. Time-sharingoperatingsystems
•Time-sharingisatechnique
whichenablesmanypeople,
locatedatvariousterminals,to
useaparticularcomputer
systematthesametime.Time-
sharingormultitaskingisa
logicalextension of
multiprogramming.Processor's
timewhichissharedamong
multipleuserssimultaneously
istermedastime-sharing.

15. DistributedoperatingSystem
•Distributedsystemsuse
multiplecentralprocessorsto
servemultiplereal-time
applicationsandmultipleusers.
Dataprocessingjobsare
distributedamong the
processorsaccordingly.
•Theprocessorscommunicate
withoneanotherthrough
variouscommunicationlines
(suchashigh-speedbusesor
telephonelines).Theseare
referredaslooselycoupled
systemsordistributedsystems.

16. RealTimeoperatingSystem
•Areal-timesystemisdefinedas
adataprocessingsystemin
whichthetimeinterval
requiredtoprocessand
respondtoinputsissosmall
thatitcontrolsthe
environment.Thetimetaken
bythesystemtorespondtoan
inputanddisplayofrequired
updatedinformationistermed
astheresponsetime.Sointhis
method,theresponsetimeis
verylessascomparedtoonline
processing.

17. Get ready to explore the top
operating systems that are used
worldwide.

18. #1) MS-Windows
Windowsisthemostpopularandfamiliaroperatingsystemonthislist.FromWindows95,all
thewaytotheWindows10,ithasbeenthego-tooperatingsoftwarethatisfuelingthe
computingsystemsworldwide.

20. #2) Ubuntu
UbuntuisaLinuxbasedOSthatcomeswitheverythingthatyouarelookingforinanoperating
system.Itisperfectfororganizations,schools,andhomeuse.

21. #3) Mac OS
The Mac OS has been the staple of almost all Apple devices as we can remember. It has
evolved with time to include the features that first and foremost define innovation.

22. #4) Fedora
FedoraisanotherLinuxbasedsystemwhichgivesUbuntu’sopen-sourcefeaturesarunfor
themoney.Fedoraisreliable,user-friendlyandmakesforapowerfuloperatingsystemfor
anylaptopanddesktopcomputer.

23. #5) Solaris
SolarisisaUNIXbasedoperatingsystemwhichwasoriginallydevelopedbySun
Microsystemsinthemid-’90s.In2010itwasrenamedasOracleSolarisafterOracle
acquiredSunMicrosystems.Itisknownforitsscalabilityandseveralotherfeatures

24. #6) Free BSD
FreeBSD,asthenamesuggestsisafreeUNIXbasedopen-sourcesoftware.Itis
compatiblewithavarietyofplatformsandmainlyfocusesonfeaturessuchasspeed,
andstability.Themostfascinatingpartaboutthissoftwareisitsorigin.Itwasbuiltin
theUniversityofCaliforniabyalargecommunity.

25. #7) Chrome OS
Chrome OS is another Linux-kernel based operating software that is designed by Google. As it
is derived from the free chromium OS, it uses the Google Chrome web browser as its
principal user interface. This OS primarily supports web applications.

26. #8) CentOS
The CentOSis another community-driven open source free software that allows robust
platform management. It is best for developers who are looking for an operating system
that simply helps them to perform their coding tasks.

27. #9) Debian
DebianisagainaLinuxkernel-basedfreeopen-sourceOS.Itcomeswithover59000
packagesandisapre-compiledsoftwarebundledinaniceformat.Itiseasytoinstall
andoffersauser-friendlyinterface.

28. #10) Deepin
Deepinisanopen-sourceoperatingsystembasedonDebian’sstablebranch.Itfeatures
DDE,(DeepinDesktopEnvironmentbuiltonQT.Ithasbeenpraisedforitsbeautiful
aestheticsandveryappealinginterface.

29. Mobile Operating System

30. Thankyou