Optical Fiber - working & principle

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Whole ppt is about optical fiber. its working, principle,advantages etc.

1. KSHITIJ MITTAL OPTICAL FIBER

2. Total Internal Reflection What Is Optical Fibers ? Construction Of Optical Fibers. Working Of Optical Fiber. Optical Fiber For Communication. Advantages Of Optical Fiber. Disadvantages Of Optical Fiber. Big Data Need Of Optical Fiber. INDEX

3. Total internal reflection is a phenomenon that happens when a propagating wave strikes a medium boundary at an angle larger than a particular critical angle with respect to the normal to the surface. If the refractive index is lower on the other side of the boundary and the incident angle is greater than the critical angle, the wave cannot pass through and is entirely reflected.         =     Refracted Rays Reflected Rays = 90   >     Denser Medium Rarer Medium     SOURCE TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION The refractive index of the first medium is greater than the refractive index of the second medium The angle of incidence must be greater than the critical angle >     >     Conditions For TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION

4. OPTICAL FIBERS are the reflective tubes that can guide light for a long distance – because the walls of the fibre don't absorb any light due to TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION What is Optical fibers ?

5. CORE Glass with a higher index of refraction than cladding it carries signal BUFFER Protects the fiber from damage and moisture CLADDING Glass with a lower index of refraction than the core Construction of Optical fibers.

6. Core Cladding Buffer           SOURCE Working of optical fiber. Light travels down a fiber-optic cable by bouncing repeatedly off the walls.

7. Optical fiber is used as a medium for telecommunication and computer networking because it is flexible and can be bundled as cables. It is especially advantageous for long-distance communications as per-channel light signals propagating in the fiber have been modulated at rates as high as 111 gigabits per second. Transmitter Receiver Typically a laser or LED Converts electrical to optical signal. Photodiode Detects optical signal and coverts to electrical signal. Optical Fiber Cable . Optical Fiber For Communication.

8. Much higher bandwidth ( Gbps ) - Thousands of channels can be multiplexed together over one strand of fiber Immunity to noise - Immune to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Safety - Doesn’t transmit electrical signals, making it safe in environments like a gas pipeline. Security - Impossible to “tap into.” Attenuation - It is a term that refers to the reduction in the strength of a signal. (fibers can be made to have only 0.2 dB/km of attenuation) Reliability - More resilient than copper in extreme environmental conditions. Size - Lighter and more compact than copper. Unlike impure, brittle glass, fiber is physically very flexible . Advantages of optical fiber.

9. Disadvantages include the cost of interfacing equipment necessary to convert electrical signals to optical signals. (optical transmitters, receivers) splicing fiber optic cable is also more difficult. Expensive over short distance Requires highly skilled installers Adding additional nodes is difficult Disadvantages of optical fiber. WHAT IS BIG DATA? Big data is a term used to describe the exponential growth and availability of data, both structured and unstructured BUT Optical fiber play major role in handling BIG DATA

10. The first most important is the fact that a fiber optic cable can transmit data over 100 km, as opposed to the 100m from regular Ethernet. There have been many projects and studies on fiber optics that have broken record speeds. The most recent record speed came to around 109 terabytes/s. Need of optical fiber. Need of optical fiber. TILL TODAY OPTICAL FIBER is the only hope to handle such a BIG DATA THE END