Optical Flat And Optical Square

Optical Flat And Optical Square, Mechanical Measurement & Metrology (2141901)

1. Gandhinagar Institute OF Technology (012) Subject:- MMM(2141901) Active Learning Assignment Topic Name:-Optical Flat And Optical Square Branch:- Mechanical B-1 Prepared By:- Jani Parth U.(150120119051) Guided By:- Prof.Naman Dave

2. Contents Introduction Optical Square Type Of Optical Square Use Of Optical Square Optical Flats Type Of Optical Flat Use Of Optical Flat

3. introduction Laser:- It Is Defined As Light Amplification By Stimulated Emission Of Radiation Characteristics Of Laser Light Monochromatic Coherence Collimated Laser Based Instrumentation Is The Best Choice For Precise Measurement

4. Optical square Optical Square Is Pentagonal Prism Optical Square Is Based On Double Reflection Principle An Optical Square Is Used For Turning The Line Of Sight By 90 Degree From Its Original Path. It Is Used In Pairs In Surveying And In A Singular Block.

5. Type Of Optical Square Classification of optical square It Is Fitted Into Instruments Like Telescope, In This Case Line Of Sight Is Perpendicular To The Vertex it Is Flexibility Allows Optical Square To Be In Number Of Application

6. Use of optical square The Axis Of Incident Beam From The Auto-collimator Form The Measuring Datum. An Optical Square Is Utilised For Turning The Incident Beam Through Exactly 90 Degree. In This Test, It Is Assumed That The Two Surface Are Perfectly Straight. Stainless Steel Mirror Block With A Flat Base Is Used For The Horizontal Surfaces For Aligning The Collimator With The Surface A Reading Is Thus Taken In Collimator At Position By A

7. The Mirror With Base Is Then Transferred To The Vertical Surface And Optical Square Placed In Angle As Indicated The Difference Between The Two Reading Would Then Be Squareness Eror.

8. Optical Flats Optical Flats Are Cylindrical In Form With The Working Surfaces Flat. An Optical Flat May Be Of Any Transparent Material Usually Glass With Two Highly Polished Surfaces. Optical Flats Are Made Of Fused Quartz Or Borosilicate Glass.This Glass Is Clear And Colourless. The Cylindrical Surfaces Of The Optical Flats Are Finished By Grinding And The Working Surfaces Are Finished By Lapping And Polishing Process.

9. Type Of Optical Flat Type A It Has Only One Surface Flat. The Working Surface Of This Type Of Flat Is Indicated By An Arrow Head On The Cylindrical Surface Pointing Towards The Working Surface. This Type Of Flat Are Used For Testing The Flatness Of Precision Measuring Surfaces Of Flats , slips Etc. Type B It Has Both Surfaces Flat And Parallel To Each Other. This Type Of Flat Are Used For Testing Measuring Surfaces Of Micrometres ,Measuring Anvils. This Glass Is Clear And Colourless. The Cylindrical Surfaces Of The Optical Flats Are Finished By Grinding And The Working Surfaces Are Finished By Lapping And Polishing Process.

10. Use Of Optical Flat The flatness of the working surface of an optical flat is tested by comparing its flatness with a master flat of known flatness. The testing is usually carried out by observing the interference fringes using monochromatic light source. If the optical flat under test has a perfectly flat surface then the fringes observed will be straight line.