Oral communication speech acts about locutionary act, illocutionary act

For oral communication

1. speech act

2. Types of speech act A speech act is an utterance that a speaker makes to achieve an intended effect.

3. Hello! L ocutionary Act  It is the actual act of uttering. “Please do the dishes. ” Types of speech act

4. Illocutionary Act It is the social function of what is said.By uttering the locution “Please do the dishes,” the speaker requests the addressee to wash the dishes.

5. Perlocutionary Act  It is the resulting act of what is said. This act reveals the effect that the speaker exercises over the hearer; it is the response of a person to a speech act. “Please do the dishes” would lead to the addressee washing the dishes.

6. Performatives statements which enable the speaker to perform something just by stating it. In this manner, verbs that execute the speech act that they intend to effect are called performatives.

7. Searles’s Classification of Speech Acts John Searle (1976), a professor from the university of California, classified illocutionary acts into five categories.  

8. a type of illocutionary act in which the speaker expresses belief about the truth of proposition. Some examples of an assertive are suggesting, putting forward, swearing, boasting, and concluding. 1. Assertive

9. Example: No one makes better pancakes than I do.

10. a type of illocutionary act in which the speaker tries to make the addressee perform an action. Some examples of a directive are asking, ordering, requesting, inviting, advising, and begging. 2. Directive

11. Example: Please close the door. Examples

12. a type of illocutionary act which commits the speaker to doing something in the future. 3. Commissive

13. Examples of a commissive are promising, planning, vowing and betting. Example: From now on, I will participate in our group activity. Examples :

14. a type of illocutionary act in which the speaker expresses his/her feelings or emotional reactions. Some examples of an expressive are thanking, apologizing, welcoming, deploring. 4.Expressive

15. Example: I am so sorry for not helping out in our group projects and letting you do all the work. Example:

16. 5. Declaration a type of illocutionary act which brings a change in the external situation. Simply put, declarations bring into existence or cause the state of affairs which they refer to. Some examples of declarations are blessing, firing, baptizing, bidding, passing a sentence, and excommunicating.

17. Example: You are fired! By saying that someone is fired, an employer causes or brings about the person’s unemployment, thus changing his external situation.

18. Thanks! Activity Directions: Decide which type of speech act (locution, illocution, perlocution) is represented by each of these statements. Write your answers in a 1/4 intermediate pad.

19. 1. Your teacher says, “For class tomorrow, please read pages twenty-one to forty-seven.” 2. You and a friend are talking about a television show that you both watched the night before. You say, “What did you think about Luke’s reaction to Laura’s news?” 3.When you discover that the grade you got on your math exam is a “B”, you let out a sigh of relief. 4.For the last hour have been riding along with your parents as they look at houses that they might want to buy, and they have not said much to you recently. As the car passes through a neighbourhood with a house that has a “For Sale” sign out front, you exclaim, ‘Oh, there’s a nice house!”

20. 5.When you heard your classmate says, ‘I don’t want to be friends with her,” you immediately looked down and left.

21. Directions: Identify the types of speech act in the given statements. Choose your answers in the box below. Write your answers on a ¼ sheet of pad paper. Commissive Directive Declaration Assertive Expressive

22. 6. I will turn my paper in on Friday. (said by student to teacher) 7. Ruth’s essay is the best in the class. (said by the instructor) 8. I assign this paper a grade of A. (said by the instructor) 9. May I have an extension on the due date for my paper? (asked by student to the teacher) 10. “Yippee–cookies!!.” (A child says to her playmate)

23. Answer key 1. Illocution 2. Locution 3. Perlocution 4. Locution 5.Perlocution 6.Commissive 7.Assertive 8.Directive 9.Directive 10.Expressive