oralcavity-141122031250-conversion-gate01.pptx

oral cavity anatomy with clinical importance

1. Oral Cavity MUKESH DAS Intern doctor,COMS

2. IDENTIFICATION OF ORAL CAVITY Anteriorly vestibule of mouth Posteriorly continues into oropharynx, upper part; posterior part of nasal cavity Lower part: inlet of larynx Roof: hard palate and soft palate Floor: myolohyoid muscle

3. CONTENTS 1. VESTIBULE 2.LIPS 3.CHEEKS 4.TEETH 5.GUMS 6.ORAL CAVITY PROPER

4. VESTIBULE It is the narrow space bounded Externally by lips and cheeks Internally by teeths and gums The parotid duct opens on inner surface of cheek opposite to the crown of upper 2 nd molar tooth. Clinical: blockage of parotid duct Kopliks spot(measles)

5. LIPS 1.The lips are fleshy fold lined externally by skin , internally by mucous membrane. They meet at mucoutaneos junction called as vermillion border . 2.The midline groove in the upper lip that runs from top the lip to the nose is called philtrum. 3.The inner surface of each lip is supported by a frenulum which ties it to the gum

6. CHEEKS(BUCCAE) Cheeks are fleshy flaps, forming a large part of each side of face. The fold which extends from the side of nose to the angle of mouth is nasolabial sulcus

7. TEETH Teeths forms masticatory apparatus and fixed to the alveolar border of maxillary and mandibular bone. Human teeth are diphyodont (milk teeth,permanent teeth). Dental formula: milk teeth : 2102/2102 permanent teeth: 2123/2123

8. GUMS(GINGIVAE) Gums are soft tissues which envelop the alveolar processes of upper and lower jaws and surround the neck of teeth It has 2 parts: attached part and free part Clinical: ginvitis , scurvy(gum bleeding)

9. Oral Cavity Proper It is the cavity within the alveolar margins of the maxillae and the mandible Its Roof is formed by the hard palate anteriorly and the soft palate posteriorly Its Floor is formed by the mylohyoid muscle . The anterior 2/3 rd of the tongue lies on the floor. hard soft palate mylohyoid

10. Floor of the Mouth Covered with mucous membrane In the midline, a mucosal fold, the frenulum , connects the tongue to the floor of the mouth On each side of frenulum a small papilla has the opening of the duct of the submandibular gland A rounded ridge extending backward & laterally from the papilla is produced by the sublingual gland

11. Nerve Supply Sensory Roof : by greater palatine and nasopalatine nerves (branches of maxillary nerve ) Floor : by lingual nerve (branch of mandibular nerve ) Cheek : by buccal nerve (branch of mandibular nerve ) Motor Muscle in the cheek ( buccinator ) and the lip ( orbicularis oris ) are supplied by the branches of the facial nerve

12. Tongue Mass of striated muscles covered with the mucous membrane Divided into right and left halves by a median septum Three parts: Oral (anterior ⅔ ) Pharyngeal (posterior ⅓ ) Root (base) Two surfaces: Dorsal Ventral

13. Dorsal Surface Divided into anterior two third and posterior one third by a V-shaped sulcus terminalis

14. Ventral Surface Smooth (no papillae) In the midline anteriorly, a mucosal fold, frenulum connects the tongue with the floor of the mouth Lateral to frenulum, deep lingual vein can be seen through the mucosa

15. The tongue is needed for sucking , chewing , swallowing , eating , drinking , kissing , sweeping the mouth for food debris and other particles and for making funny faces (poking the tongue out, waggling it) Trumpeters and horn & flute players have very well developed tongue muscles, and are able to perform rapid, controlled movements or articulations

16. Clinical Notes Lacerations of the tongue Tongue-Tie ( ankyloglossia ) (due to large frenulum) Lesion of the hypoglossal nerve The protruded tongue deviates toward the side of the lesion Tongue is atrophied & wrinkled

17. Palate Lies in the roof of the oral cavity Has two parts: Hard ( bony ) palate anteriorly Soft ( muscular ) palate posteriorly hard soft palate

18. Hard Palate Lies in the roof of the oral cavity Forms the floor of the nasal cavity Formed by: Palatine processes of maxillae in front Horizontal plates of palatine bones behind Bounded by alveolar arches

19. Soft Palate Attached to the posterior border of the hard palate Covered on its upper and lower surfaces by mucous membrane Composed of: Muscle fibers An aponeurosis Lymphoid tissue Glands Blood vessels Nerves

20. Clinical Notes Cleft palate : Unilateral Bilateral Median Paralysis of the soft palate The pharyngeal isthmus can not be closed during swallowing and speech Pharyngeal isthmus

21. Thank You