ORIGIN OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM (2024_01_28 04_16_13 UTC).pptx

EARTH'S ORIGIN

1. ORIGIN OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM

2. Solar system Our solar system consists of our star, the Sun, and everything bound to it by gravity – the planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune;

3. Solar system dwarf planets such as Pluto; dozens of moons; and millions of asteroids, comets, and meteoroids.

4. When can you call a celestial body a planet? It must orbit a star (in our cosmic neighborhood, the Sun). It must be big enough to have enough gravity to force it into a spherical shape. It must be big enough that its gravity cleared away any other objects of a similar size near its orbit around the Sun.

5. Solar system 8 Planets 290 Moons 1, 303, 447 asteroids and small bodies 3, 885 comets

6. Origin of the solar system Formed approximately 4.6 billion years ago Two general hypothesis: 1. Catastrophic or unnatural events 2. Natural and continuous processes

7. Catastrophic/ unnatural events

8. Random capture hypothesis The sun’s gravity “captures” flying or nearby planets that were formed independently. These planets would later be differentiated to become the present-day planets.

9. Random capture hypothesis Problems It happens rarely It cannot explain how asteroids, comets and other objects were formed.

10. Fission theory Planets and other objects in the solar system are products of the sun’s explosion. Moons or satellites came from the planets ( e.g the Earth’s moon emerged from the pacific ocean)

11. Fission theory problem Failed to explain the arrangement of planets and other objects. The rocks and materials of the planets and their moons are also different composition and structure.

12. Collision theory Planets, stars and other objects collided The products of the collision are now planets and other objects in the solar system.

13. Collision theory problems Rare occurrence Stars are made up of gases and when collisions happens, it will expand Failed to explain many characteristics of the solar system.

14. Encounter hypothesis When star passes close to the sun, several materials from that star and the sun were removed. Lumps were formed and became planets.

15. Encounter hypothesis Stars are made up gases when this happens, the gases will expand, and not contract to form lumps.

16. Natural and continuous process

17. Nebular hypothesis Nebula - a large cloud of dirt and gases. The nebula collapsed due to gravitational force of the nebula and the pressure exerted by the gases. As it collapsed, the nebula rotated and flattened at the poles.

18. Nebular hypothesis Particles and gases accreted to formed protoplanets These protoplanets became the precursors to the present-day planets. Explains why planets revolve around the sun in the same manner.

19. Solar nebular disc model Stars are formed after a giant molecular clouds which resulted to coalesce of clumps. Planets were then formed as a product of star formation.

20. Protoplanet theory The planets are smaller blobs captured by the star. The small blobs would have higher rotation than is seen in the planets of the Solar System, but the theory accounts for this by having the 'planetary blobs' split into planets and satellites.

21. summary About 4.6 billion years ago, the solar system was developed. There are two hypotheses proposed to explain the origin of the solar system: through catastrophic events through natural processes.

22. summary The first of hypotheses claims that the solar system originated from a catastrophic or random event, and includes the random capture hypothesis, fission theory, collision theory and the encounter hypothesis.