Orthopaedics

casts and slabs , pop mechanism and reaction, different types of slabs and casts, complications.

1. SMARC -2019

2. CLOSED REDUCTION
AND CASTING
TECHNIQUES

3. Are methods of a temporary
immobilization for a wide variety
of musculoskeletal conditions not
only for bones but also for many
other disorders related with
tendon , muscles and soft tissues.

4. SLAB :
Are non circumferential immobilizers
which is only support apart of the
circumference of the limb.
CAST :
Are circumferential immobilizers
which is surrounding the whole
circumference of the limb.

5. PARENTCOMPOUND :
GYPSUM :Sedimentaryrock
(CaiciumsulfateDihydrate)
ANTHONIUS
MATHIJSEN

6. Made by making layers of the
plaster from the rolls.
Adult lower limb : 20 layers
Child lower limb: 12-15layers
Adult upper limb : 15 layers
Child upper limb: 10-12 layers
In obese patients more number of
layers may be required

8. For plaster material
Setting time : 4-5 min.
Full strength : in 24-48 hrs.
For Fiberglass material
Setting time : 1-2 min.
Full strength : 2–4 hrs.

9. Below elbow
Above elbow

10. Below knee
Above knee

11. Distal radius (colles fracture)

12. Scaphoid fracture
Glass holding cast

13. For Metacarpals & phalaynx fractures
Cock up slabBuddy strapping

14. Other type of slabs for metacarpal and plalaynx

15. For distal radius and ulna
Sugar tong slab

16. For both radius and ulna fractures

17. For shaft humerus fracture(U or J slab)

18. For malleoli , tarsals and metatarsal fractures
Below knee cast

19. For patella fractures
Cyclindrical cast

20. For shaft tibia or distal femur fractures
Above knee slab

21. For shaft femur , Thomas splint is better option

22. Compartment syndrome
(Neurovascular compromise)
Pressure sore
Dermatitis
Wasting of limb
Joint stiffness
Loss of reduction
Fracture disease(due to prolonged immobilization)
-pain, swelling, stiffness, osteopenia