Over load

over load in training

1. OVER LOAD By DR.PAWAN KUMAR MMH College Ghaziabad

2. MEANING OF OVER LOAD During training of a sportsman load is given to the players as per their capacity when ever this load goes beyond the capacity of an individual the physiological and psychological function of the sportsman get disturb. This load does not effect immediate if the administration of the overload continue for a longer period it leads / causes decrease in the performance capacity of an individual.

3. In general all the physical activity are performed by the muscular system as per the metabolic efficiency of the body. This muscular system and metabolic system largely depend or control by the nervous system of the body. When the nervous system disturb the whole system of the body get disturb which also causes the decrease in capacity to perform any physical task.

4. It happen in the past that over load adversely effect the achievement of the training but in modern trend sports scientist are in the opinion that over load occur due to the so many reason. If symptoms of the over load are diagnose and causes are identified then the over load may be avoided or it may be completely eliminated from the training of a sportsman.  

5. CAUSES OF OVER LOAD Over load occurs due to the so many reasons which are very crucial for over load, but some of the important causes of overload are as follows :- Important use of training load. Life style of a player. Socio environment cause. Health related causes

6. 1. Important use of training method During training of a sportsman if the training method is not used properly or there is error or fault in the training method is not used properly or there is error or fault in the training method it may lead to an over load. It may be understood in the following ways : Immediate increase of training load does not lead to any adaptation which causes over load If the recovery is ignored in relation to training load it may cause over load . If proper proportion between intensity and volume is not maintained then it may lead to over load. High intensity in endurance event training may cause over load. High volume in sprinting event will also lead to over load. Participation in too many competitions may also cause over load. Ignorance of other training means nay also cause over load.

7. 2 Life Style of a Player For any kind of high class performance high degree of discipline is expected by the sportsman failing which condition of over load may occurs. Following points in relation to lifestyle of a sportsman may be understood as the causes of over load :   Important rest or sleep may cause overload. Not taking meal in time may also cause overload. Use of alcohol, nicotine tobacco may also lead to overload. Dirty dress, unhygienic living condition may also cause overload. Aggressive and derogative attitude may also cause overload. Engagement in unwanted/ dirty activities in free time also causes overload

8. 3. Socio-Environment Causes Every individual or sportsman lives in the society and he / she has to adjust in the society according to the socio environmental condition. When an individual engage in sports training he may lead to over load because of the so many reasons – Family tension Too much engagement in family work. Lack of family support. Lack of coordination with subordinates. Mental load due to the study. Poor result of the examination. Too much engagement in the entertainment. Negative attitude of society towards sports.

9. 4. Health Related Causes Health of an individual is the main factor which contributes lot to the sports performance. If any of the health factor lack during the training it may cause overload :- Cough and cold. Any kind of fever. Disturbance in digestive system. Any kind of injury. Infection.

10. SYMPTOMS OF OVER LOAD The various symptoms to identify the over load may be understood in the following ways : - 1. Changes in psychic behaviour of a sportsman 2. Performance Symptoms : 3. Somatic Functional Symptoms

11. 1. Changes in psychic behavior of a sportsman Over excited. Doubt in mind. Attitude towards criticism. Loss faith in coach. Loss of motivation.

12. Loss of confidence Feeling of depression. Depression. Indifferent behaviour. Uneasiness

13. 2. Performance Symptoms : Decrease in coordinative efficiency. Tension in movement pattern. Poor movement flow. Chances of injury. Concentration ability decreases. Recovery period is delayed.

14. Competitive fear. Loose temper immediately. Forget team tactics and strategy. Chances of error increases. Surrender in tough competition especially at the end of event Decrease efficiency of readiness

15. 3. Somatic Functional Symptoms Loss of sleep. Loss of appetite. Decrease in body weight. Digestive system disturb. Vital capacity decreases. Recovery rate decreases. Chances of injury and infection.

16. TACKLING OF OVER LOAD Tackling of over load is a serious problem especially when the over load reaches to the advance stage it becomes very difficult task to manage. During training coach is the central concern ,hence he/ she needs to work with a sportsman , doctors, psychologist even than if at all it required he should take family members in confidence. While organizing is the process of tackling the over load following measures taken into the account

17. 1. Training Measures Recognize the causes as earliest as possible. Remove the causes of over load. Modify the training. If necessary re plan the training. Avoid trials / competition. Complete rest is not advisable. Again start training when symptoms of over load seems to decrease. Intensity of loads should be increase first. Load volume should be increase carefully.

18. 2. Nutritional Measures To increase appetite food like milk vegetable and fruits may be given. Decrease the quantity of protein in food. No tea, coffe and cigarates should be provided. Small quantity of light alcohol is advice after meal. Heavy doses of vitamin A, B & C should be provided.

19. 3. Physical Therapy Sportsman should expose to open air swimming. Warm bath 15 – 20 minutes at 33 to 37 c temperature may be given. Cold and fresh water shower in the morning should be followed by proper rubbing massage by towels. Rhythmic exercises with the help of music may be given. Sona bath and steam bath should be avoided completely. (Body loose lots of electrolytes)

20. 4. Climate Therapy Change in the environment. For e.g. Hill area to plan region. Light sun rays treatment is advice.