Packaging Technology

basic idea of packaging technology

1. LIBRARY REFERENCE ON   BENEFITS AND DIFFICULTIES OF PACKAGING TECHNOLOGY For partial fulfillment of Post Graduate Diploma in Packaging (PGDP- 2014-2016) SEMESTER-I )     SUBMITTED TO : SUBMITTED BY : INDIAN INSTITUTE OF PACKAGING MUKESH KHANDAITKAR PLOT NO 21, FUNCTIONAL INDUSTRIAL PGDP/D/2014/32 ESTATE, PARPATGANJ, DELHI 110092 10 th /11/ 2014 Batch-30 th

2. INTRODUCTION Packaging defined as ensuring the safe delivery of a products to ultimate consumer in a sound condition at the minimum cost. Packaging is of great importance to both sellers and buyers of products. It can prevent spoiling, breakage, tampering, or theft; enhance convenience in use or storage; and make products easier to identify.

3. HISTORY Ancient era :- U se of leaves for wrapping of meat, animal skin for storage. first packages used the natural materials available at the time:  Baskets  of reeds, wooden boxes, ceramic  amphorae, wooden barrels, woven bags, etc . Bronze wine container from 9th century BC. Modern era :- The use of tinplate for packaging dates back to the 18th century. The first corrugated box was produced commercially in 1817 in England . In 1952, Michigan State University became the first university in the world to offer a degree in Packaging Engineering . As additional materials such as aluminum and several types of plastic were developed, they were incorporated into packages to improve performance and functionality .  

4. KEY CONCERNS….PACKAGED PRODUCT Product Safety   Specific Product-packaging requirements   Consumer Acceptance   Retailer Requirements Product Presentation Logistical Concerns Packaging Cost   Other Criteria

5. THE PURPOSES OF PACKAGING AND LABELING Physical protection   :- Protection from mechanical  shock, vibration,electrostatic discharge,compression,temperature  etc . Barrier protection  – A barrier from  oxygen,water vapor , dust, etc . Containment or agglomeration  – Small objects are typically grouped together in one package for reasons of efficiency . Information transmission  – Packages and labels communicate how to use, transport, recycle, or dispose of the package or product .

6. Marketing :-Good packaged designed product is ‘Silent salsmen ’ Security   :- Packages can be engineered to help reduce the risks of package pilferage or the theft and resale of products: Convenience  – Packages can have features that add convenience in distribution, handling, stacking, display, sale, opening, reclosing, use, dispensing, reuse, recycling, and ease of disposal. PRODUCT LABELING   :-The label is the text printed on a product package or, in the case of items like clothing, attached to the product itself. Legally, labels include all written, printed, or graphic material on the containers of products that are involved in interstate commerce or held for sale. The main body of legislation governing packaging and labeling is the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act of 1966.

7. SOME BASIC PACKAGING MATERIALS Paper Paperboard Corrugated box Plastic Metal Textiles Wood I nk

8. PAPER AND PAPER BOARD Paper and paper-based packaging are essential components of modern life. Communication, food, and consumer products are just a few of the things that are improved upon and more easily accessible as a result of paper and paper-based packaging . Paperboard:- Paperboard (also known as boxboard) is a thick, paper-based material that is generally thicker than regular paper . Corrugated Boxes:- Corrugated is a durable, versatile, low and lightweight paper-based material that is frequently used to make boxes, containers, and displays. Paper bags:- A paper bag is a pre-formed container made from paper. 

9. METALS AND GLASS IN PACKAGING Metals in Packaging :- Metals employed for packaging are iron, Tinplated steel , Electro coated chrome coated steel, Aluminium alloy slugs and sheet, Aluminum foil etc. Glass in packaging :- Glass is the trusted and proven packaging for health, taste and the environment. It is also the only widely-used food packaging, pharmaceuticals etc.

10. PLASTIC IN PACKAGING   packaging in general is lightweight and strong—different plastics can be molded, extruded, cast and blown into seemingly limitless shapes and films or foams. These identification codes indicate the type of polymer most common plastics used in packaging: 1) polyethylene terephthalate, 2) high density polyethylene, 3) polyvinyl chloride, 4) low density polyethylene, 5) polypropylene, 6) polystyrene and 7) other .

11. PACKAGING BENEFITS Usability – convenience, simple steps Carries vital information on ingredients Keeps hazardous products away from children Nutritional Information – fit, healthy Ethical consumerism – ingredients, environment, processes, recyclable Safe handling and use Tracing manufacturing information – global preferences Protect from hazardous materials losses to environment.

12. DIFFICULTIES IN PACKAGING TECHNOLOGY Cost :- While packaging can do a lot to get customer attention, and may even add value to a product, it also adds to the cost of production and the eventual retail price . Landfill Impact :-Packaging is responsible for significant portions of the waste stream. Some waste can be recycled, but many material`s are not appropriate for recycling. Much of the waste produced by packaging ends up in a landfill Production Footprint :- Products with more packaging also use more resources in production . Production also requires energy, usually sourced from burning fossil fuels, and may produce air and water pollution .

13. CONCLUSION While the package prevents the product to be contaminated, it also prevents the environment to be polluted by the product. To summaries , the packaging is an important tool of optimal resource use . The overall negative image of packages derives from their relatively high percentage in the household waste. This, however, indicates rather the level of consumption than over packaging. Packaging is not only a product: a package, but a system, and the package itself cannot be separated from its content. Finally it can be asserted that even if packaging plays an immense role in achieving a sustained development, its most important factors are the consumers themselves.