Pandit Ravi Shankar[1].pptx class9 english

Class9

1. Name:- Vaishnavi Sukhdev Langhe Class:- 9 Division:- F Roll No:- 9

2. Pandit Ravi Shankar: The Sitar Maestro

3. Introduction Pandit Ravi Shankar, born on April 7, 1920, in Varanasi, India, was a renowned sitar virtuoso and composer. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest musicians of the 20th century and played a pivotal role in popularizing Indian classical music worldwide. Shankar's innovative approach to music, blending traditional Indian ragas with Western musical elements, earned him international acclaim and admiration. Throughout his illustrious career, he collaborated with prominent artists, composed groundbreaking works, and received numerous awards and honors for his contributions to the world of music. Pandit Ravi Shankar's legacy continues to inspire generations of musicians and music enthusiasts around the globe.

4. Parentage Pandit Ravi Shankar's parents were Shyam Shankar Chowdhury and Hemangini Devi. His father, Shyam Shankar Chowdhury, was a lawyer by profession and hailed from a Bengali Brahmin family. His mother, Hemangini Devi, was a singer and came from a family of musicians and also was a daughter of a wealthy landlord.. Both of Pandit Ravi Shankar's parents had a significant influence on his early exposure to music and his eventual journey to becoming a renowned sitar virtuoso and composer. Both of his parents had a significant influence on his early exposure to music and culture. His mother's musical background played a crucial role in shaping his interest in music and eventually led him to become one of the most renowned sitar players and composers in the world.

5. Influence of Family on Pandit Ravi Shankar's Musical Journey Pandit Ravi Shankar was born into a family of musicians and scholars, with a rich musical heritage that deeply influenced his own musical journey. His father, Shyam Shankar Chowdhury, was a noted musician and scholar who introduced him to music at a young age, nurturing his talent and passion for music. Growing up in an environment filled with music, Pandit Ravi Shankar was exposed to various musical traditions and styles, laying the foundation for his later explorations and innovations in Indian classical music. The support and guidance of his family members, including his mother, siblings, and extended family, played a crucial role in shaping his musical identity and fostering his dedication to mastering the sitar. The familial influence instilled in him a deep respect for tradition while also encouraging him to push boundaries and experiment with new musical ideas, leading to his groundbreaking contributions to the world of music.

6. School of Music Pandit Ravi Shankar belonged to the Maihar gharana, one of the most distinguished schools of Indian classical music. Founded by Baba Allauddin Khan, this gharana is renowned for its rigorous training and deep spiritual approach to music. The Maihar gharana places a strong emphasis on technical excellence, intricate rhythm patterns, and profound emotional expression through music. Students of this gharana are trained in various aspects of Hindustani classical music, including raga elaboration, improvisation, and complex rhythmic structures.Pandit Ravi Shankar, along with other notable musicians such as Ali Akbar Khan and Nikhil Banerjee, received extensive training in sitar and other instruments from Baba Allauddin Khan, which significantly influenced their musical styles and compositions. Ravi Shankar's virtuosity and innovation not only enriched the Maihar gharana's repertoire but also helped popularize Indian classical music globally.Overall, the Maihar gharana remains a cornerstone of Indian classical music, known for its disciplined yet creative approach, and continues to inspire musicians and enthusiasts worldwide.

7. The Maihar gharana of Indian classical music is characterized by its distinct musical style and techniques: The Maihar gharana of Indian classical music is characterized by its distinct musical style and techniques: 1.Raga Elaboration: Emphasis on intricate exploration and development of ragas (melodic frameworks) through extensive improvisation, allowing musicians to delve deeply into the emotional and aesthetic nuances of each raga. 2.Taal (Rhythm) Mastery: Proficiency in complex rhythmic cycles (taals), including both common and rare taals, showcasing rhythmic dexterity and creativity. 3.Instrumental Technique: Focus on technical virtuosity and command over instruments such as the sitar, surbahar, and tabla, with an emphasis on achieving precise intonation, intricate ornamentation (meend, gamak), and dynamic control. 4.Spiritual and Expressive Depth: Incorporation of spiritual elements into musical expression, aiming to evoke deep emotions (rasa) and spiritual contemplation (bhava) through improvisation and composition. 5.Guru-Shishya Parampara: Strong lineage-based teaching tradition where knowledge is passed down orally from guru (teacher) to shishya (disciple), fostering continuity and evolution within the gharana's musical heritage. Overall, the Maihar gharana is revered for its rigorous training methods, profound musicality, and contributions to Indian classical music's richness and diversity.

8. Achievements Pandit Ravi Shankar, a legendary sitar virtuoso and composer, had several major milestones in his illustrious career: 1.Early Training and Recognition: Shankar began his training in music under his guru, Allauddin Khan, in the early 1930s. His talent quickly gained recognition in India. 2.International Performances: In the 1950s and 1960s, Shankar embarked on international tours, introducing Western audiences to Indian classical music. His performances at prestigious venues like Carnegie Hall in New York brought him global acclaim. 3.Collaborations with Western Musicians: He collaborated extensively with Western musicians, most notably with George Harrison of The Beatles. This collaboration and influence significantly popularized Indian classical music in the West during the 1960s. 4.Film Scores: Shankar composed music for several Indian films, including "Pather Panchali" (1955) and "Aparajito" (1956), which helped him reach a broader audience. 5.Sitar Concertos and Classical Compositions: He composed several sitar concertos and classical Indian compositions that expanded the repertoire and technical possibilities of the sitar. 6.Awards and Recognition: Shankar received numerous awards throughout his career, including India's highest civilian award, the Bharat Ratna, in 1999, and several Grammy Awards for his recordings. 7.Cultural Ambassadorship: He served as a cultural ambassador, promoting Indian music and culture worldwide, and played a pivotal role in fostering cross-cultural understanding through music. Pandit Ravi Shankar's influence on both Indian classical music and its integration into Western musical contexts remains profound and enduring.

9. Here are some of his notable performances, compositions, and collaborations: Notable Performances: 1.The Beatles' Concert for Bangladesh (1971):Ravi Shankar performed at the historic Concert for Bangladesh, a benefit concert organized by George Harrison and R.D. Burman to raise funds for refugees of the Bangladesh Liberation War. 2.Woodstock Music & Art Fair (1969): Ravi Shankar performed at Woodstock, introducing Indian classical music to a global audience. 3.Madras Festival (1956): He performed at the Madras Music Season, a prestigious Indian classical music festival, alongside other renowned musicians like Yehudi Menuhin. Compositions: 1.Sitar Concerto No. 1 in C major (1957): This concerto was written for Yehudi Menuhin and premiered at the Edinburgh Festival. 2.Sitar Concerto No. 2 in G major (1969): This concerto was written for the American composer and conductor, Zubin Mehta. 3.Indian Classical Music Suite (1970): A fusion piece that blended Indian classical music with Western instruments. 4.Raga Jog (1960s): A raga (melodic framework) composed by Ravi Shankar, which became a popular piece in his repertoire. Collaborations: 1.Yehudi Menuhin: Ravi Shankar collaborated with the American violinist Yehudi Menuhin on numerous occasions, including the premiere of his Sitar Concerto No. 1. 2.George Harrison: Ravi Shankar worked with George Harrison on several projects, including the Concert for Bangladesh and the album "Shankar Family & Friends." 3.Johann Strauss Il: Ravi Shankar collaborated with the Austrian composer Johann Strauss II on a fusion piece that blended Indian and Western classical music. 4.Philip Glass: Ravi Shankar collaborated with the American composer Philip Glass on a series of concerts and recordings, blending Indian classical music with minimalist composition techniques.

10. Inspiration Pandit Ravi Shankar's musical inspirations and influences were diverse and far-reaching, shaped by his upbringing, travels, and encounters with various musical traditions. Here are some of the key influences that shaped his music: Indian Classical Music: 1. Allauddin Khan: Ravi Shankar's guru and father-in-law, Allauddin Khan was a renowned Indian classical musician and composer. 2. Vilayat Khan: A senior sitar player and a prominent figure in the Delhi Gharana (school of music), Vilayat Khan was a significant influence on Ravi Shankar's early style. 3.Nikhil Banerjee: A renowned Indian classical musician and sitar player, Nikhil Banerjee was a close friend and collaborator of Ravi Shankar's. Western Classical Music: 1. Yehudi Menuhin: The American violinist Yehudi Menuhin was a significant influence on Ravi Shankar's early experiments with Western classical music. 2. Johann Sebastian Bach: Ravi Shankar was deeply influenced by Bach's contrapuntal style and incorporated elements of it into his own compositions. 3. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: Ravi Shankar admired Mozart's melodic structure and harmony, which he incorporated into his own compositions. Folk Music: 1.Raga-based folk music: Ravi Shankar drew inspiration from Indian folk music, particularly the raga-based styles of different regions, such as the Hindustani and Carnatic traditions. 2. Baul folk music: The Baul tradition, a mystical folk music from Bengal, was an important influence on Ravi Shankar's devotional and spiritual aspects of his music. Other Influences: 1. Carnatic music: Ravi Shankar was influenced by the Carnatic tradition, particularly the compositions of Tyagaraja and Purandara Dasa. 2. Jazz and Blues He was exposed to Western popular music, including jazz and blues, which influenced his use of improvisation and rhythmic complexity. 3. Nature: Ravi Shankar often drew inspiration from nature, incorporating elements of the natural world into his compositions and improvisations.

11. Pandit Ravi Shankar received numerous awards and honors throughout his illustrious career. Here are some of the notable ones: National Awards: 1. Padma Bhushan (1967) - Third-highest civilian honor in India 2.Padma Vibhushan(1971) - Second-highest civilian honor in India 3. Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship(1967) - Lifetime achievement award for Indian classical music International Awards: 1.Grammy Award(1973) - For his album "Shankar Family & Friends" 2.British Phonographic Industry (BPI) Award(1972) - For his album "Sitar Concerto No. 1" 3.Emmy Award Nomination(1983) - For his appearance on the TV special "Pandit Ravi Shankar and His Sitar" Honorary Degrees: 1.Doctor of Music (Honoris Causa), University of Oxford (1967) 2.Doctor of Philosophy (Honoris Causa), University of Calcutta (1970) 3.Doctor of Music (Honoris Causa), Banaras Hindu University (1975) Other Honors: 1.Order of the British Empire(1977) - Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) 2.Order of the Legion of Honour(1998) - Officer of the French Legion of Honour 3.Order of the Golden Ark(2004) - Awarded by the Dutch government for his contributions to world music 4.India's highest civilian honor, Bharat Ratna, posthumously awarded in 2013 These awards and honors are a testament to Pandit Ravi Shankar's remarkable career, which spanned over six decades and transcended genres, cultures, and borders.

12. Recognition for his contributions to Indian classical music and global music scene Recognition by Government of India: 1.Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship: India's highest honor in the field of music, awarded in 1967. 2.Kalidas Samman: Awarded by the Government of Madhya Pradesh in 1986. International Recognition: 1.The Beatles' interest: Ravi Shankar's music was introduced to The Beatles by George Harrison, leading to collaborations and international recognition. 2.Western classical musicians' collaborations: Collaborated with musicians like Yehudi Menuhin, Philip Glass, and John McLaughlin. 3.Global concert tours: Performed extensively worldwide, including at iconic venues like Carnegie Hall and the Royal Albert Hall. 4.Documentaries and films: Featured in several documentaries and films, such as "Ravi Shankar: A Life" (2006) and "The Apu Trilogy" (1955-1959). Legacy: 1.Popularization of Indian classical music: Helped popularize Indian classical music globally through his performances and recordings. 2. Inspiration to new generations: Inspired many Indian musicians, including Ali Akbar Khan, Vilayat Khan, and Shahid Parvez. 3.Pioneering fusion music: Pioneered fusion music by blending Indian classical with Western instruments and styles. Ravi Shankar's contributions have had a profound impact on the global music scene, bridging the gap between Eastern and Western music traditions. His legacy continues to inspire new generations of musicians and music enthusiasts alike.