Papaveraceae

family 2nd prof

1. PAPAVERACEAE FAMILY

2. •The Papaveraceae, or the poppy family
•Many plants in the Papaveraceae are
economically important plants, widely grown
for their attractive flowers .

3. •Papaveraceae plants are mostly herbaceous.
It comprises comprising about 44 genera and
770 species
•HABIT:
The plants may be annual, biennial, or
perennial herbs with milky or yellowish latex.
•HABITAT:
It is widely distributed all over the
temperate regions. Most species are found in
Northern hemispheres.

4. •STEM:
Herbaceous, erect, cylindrical, and
branched.
•LEAVES:
Radical rather large, alternate or the upper
one sometimes opposite, simple lobed or
deeply divided or compound.

5. •INFLORESCENCE :
The terminal flowers solitary in most species. In
others the terminal inflorescence is cymose or
racemose
•FLOWER:
Hermaphrodite, actinomorphic or zygomorphic,
Hypogynous, di or trimerous. Ebracteate and
pedicellate, large and showy
•CALYAX:
Sepals 2-3, free, caducous, inferior

6. •COROLLA:
Petals 4 or more, free in two whorls.
•ANDROCEIUM :
Stamens numerous occasionally 4 or 2, free,
alternating, whorls.

7. •GYNAECIUM:
Polycarpillary, syncarpous, uni locular
ovules usually numerous, placentation
parietal.
•FRUIT:
Capsule dehiscing by pores or valves.

8. PAPAVER SOMNIFERUM

9. •
•BOTANICAL ORIGION : Papaver
somniferum
•Common Name: Crude Opium, Gum opium,
post, Afim.
•Part used: Dried milky latex obtained by
incision from unripe capsules.
•Habit: Annual herb
•Habitat: Found in Turkey, India, Pakistan,
Iran, Thailand.

10. COLLECTION
•OCT – MARCH
•Unripe capsules are
incised longitudinally
up to 1mm depth.
•Latex turns brown
when come in contact
with air

11. •Constituents:
It contains more than 30
alkaloids and 6 main ones are 6 main ones are
•MorphineMorphine
•CodeineCodeine
•ThebaineThebaine
•NoscapineNoscapine
•NarceineNarceine
•papaverinepapaverine

12. •Morphine Type:
of benzyl isoquinoline system.
Morphine
Pseudo or oxymorphine
Codeine
Thebaine
belongs to phenantherene ring system
Codeine is an ether of morphine and is used
medicinally

13. •Phthalide Isoquinoline Type:
Noscapine
Oxynarcotine
Narceine
Narcotoline
•Benzyl Isoquinoline Type:
Papaverine
Codamine
Laudanidine

14. •Cryptopine Type:
Protopine
Cryptopine
It also contains
Meconic acid(free and in combination with
morphine)
Sugars
Salts
Albumins
Colouring matter

15. •MEDICINAL USES:
Opium & Morphine:
Relieve pain
Hypnotics (affect the sensory nerve cells of the
cerebrum).
Opium (closely resembles morphine) – exerts
action more slowly – preferable to morphine
(e.g in diarrhoea).
Opium: also a diaphoretic

16. Codeine
Milder sedative
Relieve cough
Habitual use may cause constipation
Both Morphine & Codeine decrease
metabolism
Codeine – was used to treat diabetes (before
the introduction of insulin

17. SANGUNARIA CANDENSIS

18. • BOTANICAL ORIGION : Sangunaria
canadensis
•Common Name: Blood root, Red root
•Part used: Dried rhizomes and roots
•Habit: Perennial herb
•Habitat: United states of America and Canada
•Constituents:
Mainly contain
Isoquinoline alkaloids

19. That is
Sanguinarine
Chelerthrine
Protopine
Allocryptopine
Other constituents are
Starch
Resin

20. •MEDICINAL USES:
Emetic
Expectorant
Extract is used as tooth paste in gingivi and
periodical diseases.
It is toxic if taken in large doses(more than
125mg)