Parallel,Distributed and Real Time Systems

Slides detailing about the different types of computing systems.

2. Parallel Computing
Parallel Computing
•Parallel computing is a type of computation in
which many calculations or the execution
of processes are carried out simultaneously.
•Large problems can often be
divided into smaller ones, which
can then be solved at the same
time.
Main memory in a parallel
computer is either shared memory
or distributed computing.

3. Distributed Systems
•A collection of physically separate computer systems
that are connected over a network to provide the user
access to various resources that those systems
•Access to shared resources increases computation
speed, functionality, data availability and reliability.

4. •A Network is a communication path
between two or more systems.
•TCP/IP is the most common protocol
used (internet’s architecture is based on it)
but other general purpose protocols could
also be used.
•Networks can be further characterized on
the basis of the distance these are being
used over. *Not that important for now.

5. Network Operating System
It is an O.S. that provides features such as
file sharing across the network along with a
communication scheme that allows
processes on different computers to
exchange messages.
It provides an autonomous environment
unlike Distributed computers.

6. REAL TiME EMBEDDED SYSTEMS?
• A system with well defined fixed time constraints.
• Processing must be done within the defined constraints or
the system will fail.
• A real-time system functions correctly only if it returns the
correct results within it’s time constraints.

7. • Generally we divide real time systems in three categories:
•Hard – missing a deadline is a total system failure.
•Firm – infrequent deadline misses are tolerable, but may
degrade the system's quality of service. The usefulness of
a result is zero after its deadline.
•Soft – the usefulness of a result degrades after its
deadline, thereby degrading the system's quality of service.

8. •Because of the time constraints and comparatively faster
processing requirements these systems are used for specific tasks.
•Used as control devices (automobile engines, robotic
arms etc.).
•Therefore the O.S. used provides limited features ( usually
with or without user interface).
•Few are hardware devices provided with special
purpose O.S. or Application Specific
Integrated Circuits (that perform their tasks
without O.S.) . Then there are general purpose
computers running standard O.S. with special –
purpose applications (Linux) .

9. If Any Queries You May Ask.
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10. If Any Queries You May Ask.
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