Parenting-Styles-final-ppt.pptx

Parenting discussion themes

1. Parenting Styles and their Effects on Children Kathlyn Villalobos Evergreen Valley College  Psych 001: Introduction to Psychology Prof: Nirali Patel December 11, 2022

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3. PAGE 04 PAGE 03 Introduction - The four main parenting styles — permissive, authoritative, neglectful and authoritarian — used in child psychology today are based on the work of Diana Baumrind a developmental psychologist, and Stanford researchers  Eleanor Maccoby and      Jacob Martin. -Based on extensive observation, interviews, and analyses, Baumrind initially identified three parenting styles: authoritative parenting, authoritarian parenting, and permissive parenting . -Although Diana Baumrind is known for her work on categorizing parenting styles, Maccoby and Martin (1983) were the ones who expanded this 3-parenting-styles model using a two-dimensional framework . Diana Baumrind’s Parenting Styles Theory

4. PAGE 06 PAGE 05 - Maccoby and Martin  expanded Baumrind’s permissive parenting style into two different parenting types: permissive style (also known as indulgent parenting style) and neglectful parenting (also known as uninvolved parenting style). Diana Baumrind’s Parenting Styles Theory  Cont'd Statistics On Different Types Of Parenting Styles In the US, roughly 46% of parents use an authoritative parenting style, 26% authoritarian parenting style, 18% permissive parenting style, and 10% neglectful parenting style . 46% Authoritative 26% Authoritarian 18% Permissive 10% Neglectful

5. PAGE 08 PAGE 07 C u l t u r a l Background                                What is C u l t u re ?  Culture  refers to a pattern of social norms, values, language, and behavior shared by individuals   parents are affected by their culture Parenting approaches vary across cultures concerning promoting attention, compliance, delayed gratification, executive function, and effortful control. Every parent has a different approach in how to interact and guide their children. A child’s morals, principles, and conduct are generally established through this bond. Cultural backgrounds have a major impact on how the family unit exists and how children are reared. In the last several years, the population of the United States of America has had a makeup. Changes driven by immigration, socioeconomic status, and single-parent families are some of the factors that determine a variety of parenting styles among families.

6. PAGE 10 PAGE 09  Responsiveness ref ers to the degree to which parents are accepting and sensitive to their children’s emotional and developmental needs. Parenting Styles  Baumrind developed and refined a theory describing parenting styles based on two aspects of parenting that are found to be extremely important: Demandingness Responsiveness Demandingness refers to the extent to which parents control their child’s behavior or demand their maturity.

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8. PAGE 14 PAGE 13 Effects Strict parental rules and punishments often influence the child to rebel against authority figures as they grow older.   Perform worse academically. 1) Authoritarian There is little to no room for negotiations from the child, and the rules are not usually explained. Mistakes usually lead to punishment. High demandingness. Low responsiveness. Less nurturing and have high expectations with limited flexibility. Have poorer social competence.

9. PAGE 15 PAGE 14 2)Authoritative Effects  Disciplinary methods are used as a way of support instead of punishment Warm and responsive  This type of parent normally develops a close, nurturing relationship with their children Authoritative parenting results in children who are confident, responsible, and able to self-regulate They can manage their negative emotions more effectively, which leads to better social outcomes and emotional health  These children have a high level of academic achievement and school performance High demandingness. High responsiveness.

10. PAGE 17 PAGE 16 Effects Cannot follow rules. Have worse self-control. Possess egocentric tendencies. Encounter more problems in relationships and social interactions. 3) Permissive Low demandingness. High responsiveness They impose limited rules on their children They do not like to say no or disappoint their children.  They act more like friends than parents

11. PAGE 19 PAGE 18 3)Neglectful/ Uninvolved     Low demandingness. Low responsiveness. They fulfill the child’s basic needs while generally remaining detached from their child’s life.  Does not utilize a particular disciplining style   Has a limited amount of communication with their child Effects They are more impulsive. Cannot self-regulate emotion Have more mental issues — e.g. suicidal behavior in adolescents. Encounter more delinquent behavior and addiction problems. May have academic challenges

12. PAGE 21 PAGE 20 Other Types of Parenting ATTACHMENT PARENTING - a style of parenting aimed at meeting the emotional needs of infants responsively through close physical contact and emotional attunement. Outcomes: Better communication Healthier social-emotional development HELICOPTER PARENTING -is a term used to describe the over-protective attitude  Parents hovers over their child, monitors, and controls every aspect of their children’s lives and steps in whenever a problem arises. This parenting style is close to authoritarian Outcomes:    Fear of Failure Less independent

13. PAGE 23 PAGE 22 Other Types of Parenting TIGER PARENTING -It is characterized by a very strict and harsh set of rules and regulations.  Emotional abuse such as shaming and insulting is often used to force children to comply. -Is the practice of allowing children to be more independent than traditional parenting would allow They make choices and learn from the consequences of their choices It is the antithesis of helicopter parenting Children can explore their environment and develop into independent adults. Outcomes:  ​ Less sense of family obligation ​ More depressive symptoms FREE-RANGE PARENTING

14. PAGE 25 PAGE 24           In contrast to the authoritative style, authoritarian parents probably would not relax bedtime rules during a vacation because they consider the rules to be set, and they expect obedience. This style can create anxious, withdrawn, and unhappy kids. It is important to point out that authoritarian parenting is as beneficial as the authoritative style in some ethnic groups (Russell, Crockett, & Chao, 2010). Conclusion  The authoritative parenting style is considered the best parenting style by psychologists and psychiatrists. Of the four parenting styles, the authoritative style is the one that is most encouraged in modern American society. American children raised by authoritative parents tend to have high self-esteem and social skills. However, effective parenting styles vary as a function of culture and, as Small (1999) points out, the authoritative style is not necessarily preferred or appropriate in all cultures.

15. PAGE 26 PAGE 26 Reference Mendez, M. (n.d.). Types of parenting styles and effects on children - statpearls - NCBI  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568743/   Pamela Li, M. S. (n.d.). 4 types of parenting styles and their effects on the child . Parenting For Brain.  11AD, from https://www.parentingforbrain.com/4-baumrind-parenting-styles/   Worthy, L. D., Lavigne, T., & Romero, F. (2020, July 27). Parenting styles . Culture and Psychology. https://open.maricopa.edu/culturepsychology/chapter/parenting-styles/  

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