Parts of Speech: RELATIVE CLAUSE powerpoint presentation.pptx

Parts of Speech: RELATIVE CLAUSE

1. Here are some sentences taken from the song: She said we found a man who looks like you. He never knew about the boy in pictures that we showed him.

2. Here are some sentences taken from the song: You always said that this was something that you wanted . A man was waiting there outside who wiped the worry from his eyes.

3. RELATIVE CLAUSE

4. A relative clause is a subordinate clause that begins with a question word (e.g. who, which, where ) or the word that . You can use it to modify a noun or pronoun (i.e. to identify or give more information about it).

5. Students who can develop independent learning skills often achieve good academic results. There is a new book that investigates the controversy over political reforms in Hong Kong.

6. A university is a place where people pursue advanced knowledge in specific academic disciplines. The lecture theatre in which the inauguration ceremony will be held is now being cleaned.

7. 1. Relative pronouns Words like who , that and when are often referred to as relative pronouns when they are used to introduce relative clauses. You use:

8. 1. Relative pronouns who for people, which for things, and that for both people and things. whom as the object of a relative clause (in more formal English), though it is increasingly common to replace it with who . whose to indicate possession, as a determiner before nouns.

9. For example: What’s the name of the person who/that first landed on the moon? This is Dr. Perkins, whom we met at a conference in Canada last year. All students whose registration numbers begin with 374 should immediately go to the library for a tour. 1. Relative pronouns

10. Relative pronouns. The following relative pronouns are used in defining relative clauses:   Person Thing Place Time Reason Subject who/that which/that Object who/who/ that which/that where when why Possessive whose whose      

11. Notes: "Who", "whom" and "which" can be replaced by "that". This is very common in spoken English. Relative pronouns The following relative pronouns are used in defining relative clauses:

12. The "relative pronoun" can be omitted (ø) when it is the object of the clause. For example: The mouse that the elephant loved was very beautiful. The mouse /ø the elephant loved was very beautiful.

13. "Whose" is used for things as well as for people. For example: The man whose car was stolen. A tree whose leaves have fallen.

14. "Whom" is very formal and is only used in written English. You can use "who/that, or omit" the pronoun completely. For example: The doctor whom/who/that/ø I was hoping to see wasn't on duty.

15. "That" normally follows words like "something, anything, everything, nothing, all, and superlatives". For example: There's something that you should know. It was the best film that I've ever seen.

16. 2. Types of relative clause There are two types of relative clause: defining and non-defining. You use a defining (or restrictive) relative clause to ‘identify’ or ‘restrict the reference of’ a noun. You do not separate it from the rest of the sentence by commas (in text) or pauses (in speech).

17. 2. Types of relative clause The student who achieves the highest GPA score in this department will be awarded a prize of $20,000. Computer games that involve fighting and shooting apparently have a negative effect on young people.

18. 2. Types of relative clause You use a non-defining (or non-restrictive) relative clause to supply additional information about the noun, whose identity or reference is already established. You can also use it to comment on the whole situation described in a main clause.

19. Albert Einstein, who put forward the theory of relativity , is considered by many as the most intelligent person in human history. The ELC, which provides language support to PolyU students , is located in the AG wing. 2. Types of relative clause * You should not use the relative pronoun that in non-defining relative clauses.

20. The woman who lives in apartment No. 34 has been arrested. An elephant is an animal that lives in hot countries. Do you know the girl who is talking to Tom? Has anyone seen the book I was reading?

21. The document that I need has "important" written at the top. Let's go to a country where the sun always shines. A seaman is someone who works on a ship. The boy /who/whom/ø we met yesterday is very nice.