Pascals law

pascal law ,state,application

1. Pascal’s Law

2. Acknowledgement I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my teacher who gave me the golden opportunity to do this wonderful project on the topic Pascal’s Law, which also helped me in doing a lot of Research and I came to know about so many new things I am really thankful to them. Secondly I would also like to thank my parents and friends who helped me a lot in finalizing this project within the limited time frame.

3. Pascal’s Law In the 1600's, the French scientist Blaise Pascal discovered a fact now known as Pascal's Law. Pascal's Principle is used to quantitatively relate the   pressure  at two points in an  incompressible ,  static   fluid . It states that pressure is transmitted, undiminished, in a closed static fluid. Through the  application  of Pascal's Principle, a static liquid can be utilized to generate a large output  force  using a much smaller input force, yielding important devices such as  hydraulic presses . 3

4. Pascal’s Laws State that It states that pressure at any point in a body of fluid is the same in every direction, exerting equal force on equal areas. This works for gases and liquids (both are fluids).

5. Pascal’s Formula This brings us to a very important formula: P = Pressure, F = Force and A = Area This expresses that Pressure is Force per Unit Area. 5

6. Variations of Pascal’s Law Pressure = Force divided by area Force = Pressure times area Area = Force divided by pressure 6

7. 7 F P A F =Force P = Pressure A = Area

8. Have you used formulas like Pascal’s Law? Where are they used? Generic Inverse Variation Problem used in Algebra Time = Distance / Rate Ohm’s Law used in science class with electrical components 8

9. Using Pascal’s Law 9 Pascal's Law - gives us the mechanics to do a great deal of work with hydraulics. The drawing on the left shows that we can lift a large amount of weight with a small amount of effort. We can lift 100 pounds by applying just 10 pounds of force to the piston measuring 1 square inch

10. Applications of Pascal's law Hydraulic lift Hydraulic Jacks Hydraulic Brakes Hydraulic Pumps

11. Hydraulic lift A multiplication of  force  can be achieved by the application of fluid  pressure according to  Pascal's principle , which for the two pistons implies P 1  = P 2 This allows the lifting of a heavy load with a small force, as in an  auto hydraulic lift , but of course there can be no multiplication of  work , so in an ideal case with no frictional loss: W input  = W output Calculation

12. Hydraulic lift calculation

13. Automobile Hydraulic lift

14. Hydraulic brake The  hydraulic brake  is an arrangement of  braking  mechanism which uses  brake fluid , typically containing  ethylene glycol , to transfer pressure from the controlling mechanism to the braking mechanism. When brakes are applied suddenly in a moving vehicle, there is every chance of the vehicle to skid because the wheels are not retarded uniformly. In order to avoid this danger of skidding when the brakes are applied, the brake mechanism must be such that each wheel is equally and simultaneously retarded. A hydraulic brake serves this purpose. It works on the principle of Pascal’s law .

15. Hydraulic Brake

16. Hydraulic Jack

17. Hydraulic Pump

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