Patterns of organization for english education.pptx

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1. Patterns of organization Sequence

2. In this pattern, the writer’s main idea is stated in the form of generalization . List of detail A few Several Numerous The main Others Many A variety For example Another In addition Besides One First, second, etc. last Listing

3. People have many different ideas about what make a great vacation. Some people like to go for long walks in the forest, where they will not see any one for days. Others prefer to spend their holiday in an exciting city. There they can visit museum, theaters, and good restaurants. Still others enjoy the fresh air at the seashore. They can spend their days at the beach and listen to the ocean waves at night . A few people decide to stay at home and do some major household projects. They might spend their vacation painting a porch or washing all the windows in their home . How many different ideas about vacations does the author mention? Example:

4. Listing: Additional Information Examples or Illustrations and next first, second. . . besides in the same way in addition further furthermore moreover also Sequence: Chronology/process

5. langkah / rangkaian kejadian (description of a process/time/event ) In this pattern, the writer’s main idea include a series – events or steps that follow one of another. This pattern is used for the organization of two kinds of material: Events ordered by time ( urutan kejadian ) Examples: history, biography (narrative text) Steps in a process/ urutan /langkah2 membuat sesuatu Examples: the steps in an experiment, directions for building something (procedure text) Sequence

6. Process/steps Time First finally Next Later After While Last Before At last At the same time Other signal words for this pattern are dates, years, times of the day, seasons, and plain numbers. then meanwhile later eventually after a few days next in 2009

7. Franklin D. Roosevelt, the thirty second president of the United States, served his country for most of his life. He was the only president to be elected four times. He was born in Hyde Park, New York, on January 30, 1882 , and he began his studies at Harvard in 1903 . In 1905 , he married Eleanor Roosevelt, a distant cousin, and they had six children. After serving in the New York state senate, Roosevelt worked in Washington as secretary of the Navy until 192 1 . At that time , he became very ill with polio and lost the use of his legs. In 1928 , Roosevelt ran for governor of New York. After serving two terms as governor, he was elected to the presidency in 1933 . Roosevelt died in office on April 12, 1945 . Chronological order (time)

8. Making orange juice concentrate from fresh oranges is done entirely by machine. First , orange are dumped onto a moving belt. They travel into machine which washes them with detergent. Next , they are rolled into juicing machines, where seven hundreds oranges per minute are split and squeezed. Then the rinds (the skin of the oranges) are thrown out the end of a long tube. At the same time , the juice goes through small holes in the bottom of the tube. Nex t , the juice goes into another machine called finisher, there, the seeds and another tiny object are removed. Last juice goes into large tank, where most of the water is removed. Steps in a process

9. The high cost of the newspapers in some countries is one simple reason why fewer people read them . While television reporting may be more immediate, newspaper reporting is often far more complete. Do your children watch too much television? Here a few simple steps for limiting television viewing without causing a major family battle. When radio was its height. It was the focus of much family and social activity. Change in lif e style have brought change in eating habit of many Italians.

10. The technology of television certainly has come a long way since its invention over fifty years ago. Recent research has shown that violence on television can cause violent behavior among children. Television advertising is far more effective than advertising in magazines or newspapers. Television has had an enormous influence on politics in recent decades. The first television advertisement from 1950s would now seems very simple and obvious to us .

11. Only similarity Like As Both Same Similarity Also In the same way In common Comparison

12. Garut and Sukabumi have many similarities . Both of the cities have beautiful beach. Sukabumi has beautiful beach named Pelabuhan Ratu . Garut has beautiful beach too , named Santolo . In the same way , the local citizen of Garut and Sukabumi are very friendly . Sukabumi and Garut people always welcome to the visitor .

13. A contrast includes only the difference However, In contrast, By contrast, ..., but ..., yet On the other hand, even though although whereas unlike while nevertheless Contrast

14. The writer uses cause effect pattern to show how one thing cause another. I forgot my umbrella this morning. I was caught in the rain What happened first? (cause ) because I forgot my umbrella this morning. (effect) I was caught in the rain (effect) I was caught in the rain because I forgot my umbrella this morning. (cause) Cause – effect

15. Doctors have noticed an increase in the number of children who are treated for ear infections. This could mean that more children get infections than in the past. Such an increase could be caused , in part, by an increased use of daycare. In daycare centers, little children can catch infections from each other.