Peplau's theory ppt slideshare

Peplau's theory explains the phases of interpersonal process, roles in nursing situations and methods for studying nursing as an interpersonal process. Nursing is therapeutic in that it is a healing art, assisting an individual who is sick or in need of health care.

1. P eplau’s theory Hildegard Peplau: September 1, 1909 – March 17, 1999 

2. INTRODUCTION “Mother of Psychiatric Nursing”   “Nursing has made great progress from being an occupation to becoming a profession in the 20th. Century”- “Nurse of the Century.” 

3. . E xecutive director and president of ANA A dvisor to WHO Diploma program in Pottstown, Pennsylvania in 1931 . BA in interpersonal psychology MA in psychiatric nursing first post baccalaureate program Interpersonal Relations Interpersonal techniques

4. . Revolutionary Idea Patients were viewed as objects to observe but Peplau taught that patients were not objects but were subjects and the psychiatric nurses must participate with the patients, engaging in nurse-patient relationship .

5. INTERPERSONAL THEORY OF Nursing Theory emphasized the nurse-client relationship as the foundation of nursing practice. It gave emphasis on the give-and-tak e of nurse-client relationships . She defined nursing as interpersonal process of therapeutic interactions between an individual who is sick or need of health services and a nurse especially educated to recognize and respond to the need for help.

6. ASSUMPTIONS Nurse and patient can interact . Both the nurse and patient matures as the result of the therapeutic interaction. Communication and interviewing skills remain fundamental nursing tools. Nurses must clearly understand themselves to promote their client’s growth and to avoid limiting the client’s choice to those that nurses value.

7. PEPLAU'S THEORY AND NURSING'S METAPARADIGM

8. MAJOR CONCEPTS OF PEPLAU'S THEORY Nursing is an interpersonal process. The purpose of nursing is to help others identify their felt difficulties. The attainment of goal is achieved through the use of a series of steps . The nurse and patient work together so that both become mature and knowledgeable in the process. Nurses should apply principles of human relations to the problem. Peplau's theory explains the phases of interpersonal process ,. Nursing is therapeutic, it is a healing art , assisting an individual who is sick or in need of healthcare.

9. Additional Roles include: Technical expert Health teacher Socializing agent Manager of environment Administrator Consultant Tutor Safety agent Mediator

10. phases ORIENTATION PHASE IDENTIFICATION PHASE EXPLOITATION PHASE RESOLUTION PHASE

11. Elements involved in Nurse-patient Relationship Contract Boundaries Confidentiality

12. Therapeutic Nurse Behaviours Self-awareness Warmth and respectfulness Cultural sensitivity Ethical practice Genuineness Empathy Responsibility

13. INTERPERSONAL THEORY AND NURSING PROCESS Both are sequential and focus on therapeutic relationship Both use problem solving techniques for the nurse and patient to collaborate on, with the end purpose patient’s needs. Both use observation, communication and recording as basic tools utilized by nursing.

14. ASSESSMENT ORIENTATION Data collection and analysis (continuous) May not be a felt need Non- continuous data collection Felt need Define needs NURSING DIAGNOSIS IDENTIFICATION Planning Mutually set goals Interdependent goal setting   IMPLEMENTATION EXPLOITATION Plans initiated toward achievement of mutually set goals May be accomplished by patient, nurse or family Patient actively seeking and drawing help Patient initiated EVALUATION RESOLUTION Based on mutually expected behaviours May lead to termination and initiation of new plans Occurs after other phases are completed successfully Leads to termination

15. CHARACTERISTICS OF A THEORY Interrelation of concepts Applicability Theories must be logical in nature Generalizable Theories can be the basis for hypothesis that can be tested Theories can be utilized by practitioners to guide and improve their practice Theories must be consistent with other validated theories, laws, and principles but will leave open unanswered questions that need to be investigated

16. STRENGTHS The phases provide simplicity regarding the natural progression of the nurse-patient relationship. This simplicity leads to adaptability in any nurse patient interaction, thus providing generalizability.

17. LIMITATIONS Personal space considerations and community social service resources are considered less. Health promotion and maintenance were less emphasized . Cannot be used in a patient who does not have a felt need , e.g. withdrawn patients, unconscious patients.

18. CONCLUSION Peplau’s theory defined nursing as “an interpersonal process of therapeutic interactions between an individual who is sick or in need of health services and a nurse especially educated to recognise, respond to the need for help.” It is a “ maturing force and an educative instrument” involving an interaction between two or more individuals with a common goal.

19. BIBLIOGRAPHY Navdeep Kaur Brar, HC Rawat, Textbook of advance nursing practice, 1 st edition, New Delhi, Jaypee brother’s medical publishers, 2015 Potter, P.A., perry, A.G. Stockert, P., & hall, A. (2016), fundamentals of nursing, 9 th edition, Mosby KP Neerja, textbook of communication and education technology for nurses, 1 st edition, New Delhi, Jaypee brother’s medical publishers pvt. Ltd. 2011 Hildegard Peplau: Interpersonal Relations Theory Guide [Internet]. Nurseslabs . 2020 [cited 30 December 2020]. Available from: https://nurseslabs.com/hildegard-peplaus-interpersonal-relations-theory/