Perception in Organizational Behaviour

Perception in Organizational Behaviour

1. PRESENTATION ON PRECEPTION Sanjeev Kumar (18MBA1053) Trilochan Bhalla (18MBA1054) Safi Joshi (A18MBA1055) Shagun Sharma (18MBA056) Shikha Sharma (18MBA1057) SUBMITTED TO CHITRA MA’AM

2. PERCEPTION The Way In Which Something Is Regarded, Understood, Or Interpreted. Perception is an intellectual process of transforming sensory stimuli to meaningful information . It is the process of interpreting something that we see or hear in our mind and use it later to judge and give a verdict on a situation, person, group etc. “We Don’t See Things as they are, We see Things as we are.”

3. PERCEPTION in ORGANIZATION How Individual View Other ? How that Person will Behave within the Business ?

4. PERCEPTION divided INTO

5. PERCEPTUAL PROCESS 1. Sensation An individual’s ability to detect stimuli in the immediate environment. 2. Selection The process a person uses to eliminate some of the stimuli that have been sensed and to retain others for further processing. 3. Organization The process of placing selected perceptual stimuli into a framework for “storage.” 4. Translation The stage of the perceptual process at which stimuli are interpreted and given meaning.

6. PERCEPTUAL PROCESS

7. FACTORS INFLUENCING PERCEPTION Factors in the perceiver Attitudes Motives Interests Experience Expectations Factors in the Target Novelty Motion Sounds Size Background Proximity Similarity Factors in the situation Time Work Setting Social Setting A number of factors operate to shape and sometimes distort perception. These factors can reside in the perceiver , in the object or target being perceived or in the context of the situation in which the perception is made.

8. PERCEPTUAL ORGANIZATION It is the process by which we group outside stimuli into recognizable and identifiable patterns and whole objects . Certain factors are considered to be important contributors on assembling, organizing and categorizing information in the human brain.

9. FIELD GROUND ILLUSTRATION Field Ground Differentiation The tendency to distinguish and focus on a stimulus that is classified as figure as opposed to background.

10. PERPECTUAL GROUPING Our tendency to group several individual stimuli into a meaningful and recognizable pattern. It is very basic in nature and largely it seems to be inborn. Some factors underlying grouping are -continuity -closure -proximity -similarity

11. PERPECTUAL ERRORS Perceptual error means not seeing reality is. Or Illusion can be understood as reliable perceptual error (when the constancy doesn’t hold good)

12. TYPES of PERPECTUAL ERRORS Stereo Typing Horn Effect Selective Perception Halo Effect Recency Effect Primary Effect Similar To Me Effect Self Serving Bias

13. STEREO TYPING “Making positive or negative generalizations about a group or category of people, usually based on inaccurate assumptions and beliefs and applying these generalizations to an individual member of the group.”

14. HORN EFFECT Based on one NEGATIVE quality, we assumed the person is BAD . i.e. we perceived the whole person, based on ONE quality.

15. HALO EFFECT Drawing general impression of individual on the basis of a single characteristic. i.e. if someone is good at one dimension, he/she is perceived to be good at other dimensions as well.

16. RECENCY EFFECT When The Most RECENT Information Influence Our Judgement, Even Though We Have A Whole Of Other Information On The Person.

17. PRIMARY EFFECT Tendency to form a judgement/opinion quickly based on the first information we received. (Subsequently, we may received other information),but based our judgement on the first information.

18. THE SIMILAR – TO – ME EFFECT W e tend to favors/l i ke or give favorable judgement to those who are similar to us.

19. SELF SERVING BIAS The tendency for individuals to attribute their own successes to internal factors while putting the blame for failures on external factors.

20. RETIFYING PERPECTUAL ERROR DEFINITION : Correcting the errors in the Perception Process or eradicating Misperception RECTIFICATION TYPES Rectifying Yourself Acting as a Mediator Avoiding Negative Decision Making

21. THANK YOU