PERCEPTUAL ORGANIZATION.pptx for MEDICAL

Psychology

1. PERCEPTUAL ORGANIZATION

2. DEFINITION Perceptual organization involves structuring information into coherent units (whole figures, forms and shapes).  

3. PERCEPTUAL ORGANIZATION PRINCIPLES Figure –Ground Relationship The Law of Pragnanz ( The law of Simplicity) Pragnanz means clarity in German. Thus the law of clarity. 2.1Closure 2.2 Similarity 2.3 Proximity 2.4 Continuation

4. FIGURE-GROUND RELATIONSHIP

5. Figure-Ground Relationship cotd Whatever stands out is the figure and the rest is the background

6. The Law of Pragnanz Called the Law of simplicity 4 examples 2.1Closure 2.2 Similarity 2.3 Proximity 2.4 Continuation

7. CLOSURE This is the tendency to complete or close the pattern or fill in sensory gaps and perceives it as a meaningful whole

8. SIMILARITY Similarity Objects or stimuli that look alike are usually perceived as a unity.

9. PROXIMITY Proximity Proximity is closeness Objects or stimuli that appear close to one another are likely to be perceived as belonging together to the same group.  

10. CONTINUITY Continuity Objects or stimuli are perceived as a unity or group on the basis of their continuity.

11. PERCEPTUAL ILLUSIONS Perceptual Illusions : The misperception of the true characteristics of an object or an image. Muller- Lyer Illusion Moon illusion

12. CONCLUSION & SUMMARY Perception is an active process involving selection, organization and interpretation of sensory information There internal and external factors that affect attention The Gestalt perceptual organization principles include figure-ground and the law of pragnanz

13. CONCLUSION COTD . Perceptual illusions or false perception occur resulting in perception failing to correspond with reality. Perceptual illusions differ in nature and characteristics. Different sets of principles are needed to explain the cause of illusion.

14. GESTALT PRINCIPLES OF PERCEPTUAL ORGANIZATION They are two: 1. Figure-ground relationship 2. The law of simplicity Gestalt coming from the German means configuration, totality or whole

15. FIGURE-GROUND RELATIONSHIP According to this principle, a figure is perceived in relationship to its background. The Rubins Vase This is an ambiguous figure that can be perceived either as a base or as two faces. It depicts reversible figure-ground perception. The two shapes, vase or two faces, is perceived as the figure and which as background. However, it is impossible to perceive both figure and background at the same time.

16. FIGURE- GROUND RELATIONSHIP Figure –Ground Relationship: According to this principle, a figure is perceived in relationship to its background. The Rubins Vase This is an ambiguous figure that can be perceived either as a base or as two faces. It depicts reversible figure-ground perception. The two shapes, vase or two faces, is perceived as the figure and which as background. However, it is impossible to perceive both figure and background at the same time.

17. THE LAW OF SIMPLICITY These include: Closure While confronting an incomplete pattern one tends to complete or close the pattern or fill the sensory gaps and perceives as a meaningful whole. The following principles of grouping organize meaningful patterns by grouping them on some solid basis like similarity, proximity and continuity.