Pericarditis

Pericarditis is the inflammation of the pericardium, a thin, two-layered sac that surrounds your heart. The layers have a small amount of fluid between them to prevent friction when the heart beats. When the layers are inflamed, it can result in chest pain.

1. PERICARDITIS Dr. Arjun Patel, MPT, DNHE

2. Acute pericarditis Definition - It is a inflammation of the pericardium. - It is the swelling and irritation of the PERICARDIUM.

3. Etiology Common:- - Viral :- Coxsackie B - Acute MI Less common:- - Uraemia - Malignant disease - Trauma (blunt chest injury) - Connective tissue disease (systemic lupus erythematosu) Rare:- - Bacterial infection - Rheumatic fever - TB

4. Clinical features Acute:- Symptoms:- - chest pain - pleuritic pain aggravated by change position,deep inspiration, coughing or swallowing. - Dyspnoea - General symptoms:- Fever, sweating, chills Signs:- - Tachycardia - Rapid respiratory rate - Atrial arrhythmias

5. Investigation Chest X - ray ECG:- elevation of ST segments, flattening of T waves.

6. Treatment Bed rest Salicylates 2-6 gm/day Severe cases:- Anti inflammatory drugs - indomethacin 100-200 mg/day - ibuprofen 600-1600 mg/ day Cochicine 2-6 mg/day

7. Surgical treatment:- Aspiration of the pericardium Drainage of the pericardium

8. chronic constrictive pericarditis

9. Definition Chronic constrictive pericarditis is due to progressive thickening, fibrosis and calcification of the pericardium.

10. Clinical features Fatigue Rapid low- volume pulse Elevated JVP Hepatomegaly Loud early third heart sound Ascites Pulus paradoxus

11. Investigation Chest X-ray :- Triangular shaped heart with straighten right and left borders and calcification of pericardium. ECG :- Low voltage complexes. MRI :- Can imageThickened pericardium in any plane.

12. Reference Medicine by Golwalla Textbook of pathology by Harsh mohan Medicine by Davidson