Personality of a husman and socialization.pptx

What is personality and it's element. What is socialization and it's Types. Determinent of personality.

1. Personality and Socialization Lecture:3 Adv. Saima Omar

2. Define personality

3. Key elements of personality Cognitive traits – how individuals perceive and interpret the world. Emotional traits – how people experience and regulate feelings. Behavioral traits – patterns of interaction with others. Values and attitudes – beliefs and moral orientations guiding decisions.

4. Socialization

5. Types of socialization Primary Socialization – occurs in childhood, mainly through family, where basic language, identity, and values are acquired. Secondary Socialization – occurs later in life through institutions such as schools, peer groups, religion, and media. Resocialization – when individuals adapt to new roles or social environments (e.g., starting a career, migration, military service). Anticipatory Socialization – preparation for future roles, such as students preparing for professional life.

6. Relationship btw Personality & Socialization Socialization is the key process through which personality develops. While heredity provides the raw material (temperament, intelligence), society refines it through interaction and learning. For example, a child may be born with a naturally curious temperament, but whether this curiosity turns into scientific inquiry or artistic creativity depends on cultural context and social experiences . Thus, personality is both an individual construct and a social product .

7. Psychoanalytic Theory (Sigmund Freud) Freud viewed personality as the outcome of unconscious drives, conflicts, and childhood experiences. He proposed a structural model: Id – primitive instincts (pleasure principle). Ego – rational self that mediates between desires and reality. Superego – internalized moral standards (conscience). Personality develops through psychosexual stages (oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital). Contribution: Highlighted the role of the unconscious and early childhood in personality development.

8. Cultural Capital Theory (Pierre Bourdieu] Families and institutions pass down cultural capital (language, tastes, knowledge, skills) which influences life chances. Socialization reproduces class structures by privileging those who already possess cultural resources valued by society. Contribution : Connects socialization with education, inequality, and social mobility.

9. Determinants of Personality 1-Heredity / Biological Factors Personality is partly shaped by genetic inheritance. Traits such as temperament, energy levels, emotional reactivity, and intelligence are influenced by biological makeup. Example: A naturally calm child may respond to stress differently than a naturally anxious one.

10. 2-Environment / Cultural Factors The social and cultural environment provides norms, values, and expectations that guide personality development. Example: In collectivist cultures, children may develop more interdependent personalities, whereas in individualist cultures, self-reliance is emphasized.

11. 3-Social Groups and Peer Influence Group acceptance or rejection shapes behavior , fashion, speech, and even moral outlook. Example: A teenager may adopt risk-taking behavior due to peer pressure, shaping part of their personality. 4- Situational and Life Experiences Experiences such as education, career, migration, and personal crises reshape personality traits over time. Situations can temporarily alter behavior (e.g., stress may bring out aggression in someone usually calm). Example: Leadership roles at work may enhance assertiveness in someone previously shy.

12. 5-Cultural Capital and Education (Bourdieu) Education provides knowledge, language skills, and social networks that refine personality. Access to books, cultural exposure, and intellectual discussions expand openness, creativity, and critical thinking. 6- Situational and Historical Context Broader historical events (war, economic crises, pandemics) can shape the collective personality of a generation. Example: People who lived through the Great Depression often developed traits of frugality and resilience.

13. Thank You “Those who spend in prosperity and adversity, and those who suppress anger and pardon men; and Allah loves those who do good”.  (Al Quran 3:135)