Pharmacognosy PPT Group-5-2yy777779.pptx

Pharmacognosy 2 of Bpharmacy Third year semester 5th
Information about isolation, identification and analysis of Reserpine alkaloid phytoconstituent

1. Isolation,identification and analysis of phytoconstituents Alkaloids:Reserpine Presented by -: Farhan Desai 21 Komal Dhole 22 Sakshi Dhole 23 Sachin Diwane 24 Soham Dudhgave 25 Guided by-: Ms.R.N.Patil Mam

2. Alkaloids

3. Properties -:

4. •Reserpine-: •Synonym- Rauwolfia alkaloid
•Biological Source-
Reserpine is an indole alkaloid obtained from the dried roots of Rauwolfia serpentina (Indian snakeroot).
•Family- Apocynaceae •Chemical Constituents-Major alkaloid: Reserpine
Other indole alkaloids present : Ajmalicine,Ajmaline,Serpentine,Yohimbine,Rauwolfinine

5. •Properties Of Reserpine-: •Appearance: White or pale buff colored , crystalline powder.
• Odor -: Odorless •Taste-: Bitter
•Solubility: Insoluble in water; soluble in chloroform, slightly soluble in ethanol.
•Melting point-:260 °C (decomposes).
•Stability: Sensitive to light, moisture, and heat (hence stored in airtight, light-resistant containers).

6. Chemical Structure-:

7. •Isolation Of Reserpine-: ( Method- I) Simple Method 1.Root powder and moisten with 10% NaHCo3 2. Extract above mixture with benzene until it give positive reaction with HgI2.

3. Filter it & conc. Add ether and dilute HCL to it. Shake well.

4. Separate acid layer.

5. Again washed with ether and make alkaline with ammonia.

6. Then extract above solution with chloroform.

7. The chloroform extract washed with 10 % Sod. Carbonate.

8. Separate chloroform layer and evaporate to dry.

9. Dissolve it in methanol to get crystals of reserpine.

8. (Method II) Continous Extraction-:
•Dried Rauwolfia roots powder with 90% alcohol in soxhlet apparatus. Filter the alcoholic extract and evaporate to dryness. •Extract the residue with the mixture of ether,chloroform & 90% alcohol (20:8:2.5). Filter and add dilute ammonia to filtrate. •Add water to precipitate the crude alkaloid mixture. •Collect the precipitate and dry. Dissolve the residue in H2SO4 (0.5 N). •Add ammonia to the above solution to liberate alkaloid salts. Extract the solution with 3 portions of chloroform. •Evaporate the chloroform to obtain total rauwolfia alkaloids. Separate the reserpine from the crude extract by column chromatography separation technique.

9. •Identification of Reserpine-: Chemical Method-: Drug + Solution of vanillin in acetic acid —>Violet red colour is produced due to the presence of reserpine. Tincture of rauwolfia root exposed to UV light—>Blue fluorescence Freshly cut surface of rauwolfia root + Concentrated HNO3 + Water (2:1)—>Medullary rays turn red in colour

10. •Analysis Of Reserpine-: Thin layer chromatography (TLC) Sample preparation – Dissolved 1mg of Reserpine in 1ml of methanol or chloroform Stationary phase – Silica gel – G
Standard sample – Reserpine
Mobile phase – Chloroform: acetone :diethyl amine (50:40:10)
Detecting agent – Dragendroffs reagent
RF Value – 0.72

11. •TLC Slide of Reserpine

12. •Uses Of Reserpine-: It is a hypotensive drug having a strong sedative property . It is a mild tranquiliser used for removing low level of anxiety. It is a rich source of indole alkaloids (such as reserpine, ajmaline , ajmalicine,and serpentine), which are used in the treatment of circulatory disorders. Deserpidine and rescinnamine are also used as hypotensive and tranquilliser . It is also used as an antianxiety, antipsychotic (neuroleptic), hypnotic and sedative drug. It induces sleep and relieves many mental disorders like aggression, anxiety, and sleeplessness. Its leaves are used in removing opacities of cornea. Its root decoction is useful for the treatment of snake poison. In Ayurveda, it is best for reducing fever. In Ayurveda, its roots and whole plant are used for treating rheumatism, insanity, and epilepsy. It also reduces the symptoms of hangover occurring after heavy drinking.