pharmacology autocoids and related drugs

Pharmacology autocoids and related drug ppt

1. AUTACOIDS AND RELATED DRUG
Submitted to-Dr Shweta
Submitted by-rupal.
Subject-pharmacology

2. Autacoids
Autos means Self and avoids means healing.
The chemical substances produced within the body to help in the remedy of local
injuries.
Also known as autocoids.
These are those chemical substance which act as the local hormone, means release
from the tissue and act at the site of synthesis and release.
Release locally and also give their action locally.

3. Classification of autacoids
■
■
■Amine autacoids:-Histamine (amino acid: Histidine), Serotonin
(Tryptophan)
■Peptide Autocoids:-Angiotensin, Bradykinin
■Lipid autacoids:-Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, Interleukins,
Platelet Activating Factor, etc.

4. Histamine

5. Synthesis of histamine
■Histamine is synthesized by decarboxylation of Histidine, which is found in all organs
and tissue of the human body.

6. Storage and release
■Histamine mostly stored in mast cells and basophil.
■contraction of smooth muscle in the lungs, stomach, or womb.
■Dilation and increased permeability of blood vessels.
■Reduced blood pressure.
■Accelerated heart rate.
■Increased gastric acid secretion.
Release
It released by the interaction of antigen with IgEantibodies on the surface of mast
cells. (All over the body).

7. Catabolism And histamine receptors
■Histamine that has been released is inactivated through either oxidative
deamination or N-methylation. These reactions are catalyzedby diamine oxidase
and N-methyl transferase, respectively.
There are mainly four receptor, in which histamine bind and give their
pharmacological effects
■H1 receptor
■H2 receptor
■H3 receptor
■H4 receptor

9. 5-hydroxy tryptamie[5-HT]
■5-HT stands for 5-hydroxytryptamine, also known as serotonin.
■Function
■5-HT is a monoamine neurotransmitter that affects many physiological processes
and functions, including mood, cognition, learning, memory, reward, sleep, appetite,
sex, and temperature control.
■Synthesis
■5-HT is synthesized from the amino acid tryptophan.

10. ■Metabolism
■5-HT is metabolized by the enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO) to 5-Hydroxyindole
acetaldehyde, which is then converted to 5-Hydroxyindole Acetic Acid (5-HIAA).
■Serotonin receptors, also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptors, are a
group of receptors in the central and peripheral nervous systems that mediate
neurotransmission. They are involved in a wide range of physiological functions,
including:
■Learning and memory
■Mood behavior

11. ■Gastrointestinal transit
■Sleep/wake cycle
■Thermoregulation
■Food intake
■Blood coagulation
■Cardiovascular homeostasis
■Serotonin receptors are classified into seven families (5-HT1 to 5-HT7) based on
their structural diversity and mode of action. They are targets of drugs used to
treat neurological and psychiatric disorders, such as depression, bipolar
disorders, psychosis, and obsessive compulsive behaviours.

13. Uses
1.Nausea and vomiting
2.Irritable bowel syndrome
3.Migraines
4.Anti-smoking agent
5.Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatoryproperties
6.Analgesic and anti-inflammatory