PHILIPPINE ARTWORK IN HISTORY OF PH 2023

Philippine artwork is a reflection of the country’s rich cultural history, blending indigenous traditions with foreign influences from centuries of colonization and trade. Before Spanish colonization, early Filipinos created intricate crafts such as pottery, weaving, and woodcarving, which were deeply connected to their daily lives and spiritual beliefs. These traditional art forms, like the *okir* designs of the Maranao and the *banig* mats woven by different indigenous groups, showcased the Filipinos' creativity and craftsmanship. Ancient petroglyphs, such as those in Angono, Rizal, also serve as evidence of early Filipino artistic expression.

During the Spanish colonial period, Philippine art took on a more religious and Westernized influence. The Spaniards introduced painting, sculpture, and architecture that followed European artistic styles, primarily for religious purposes. Churches were adorned with intricate carvings and paintings, such as those found in the San Agustin Church in Manila. Notable painters like Juan Luna and Félix Resurrección Hidalgo gained international recognition, with Luna’s *Spoliarium* winning gold at the 1884 Madrid Exposition. These artists played a crucial role in shaping Philippine art and nationalism, using their works to depict social realities and historical struggles.

The American and modern periods brought new artistic influences and techniques. The introduction of new education systems and exposure to Western modernism led to the rise of Filipino modernist painters like Fernando Amorsolo, known for his idyllic rural landscapes, and Vicente Manansala, who pioneered transparent cubism. Sculpture and contemporary art also flourished, with artists like Napoleon Abueva pushing the boundaries of traditional forms. The post-war period saw the emergence of social realism, where artists like Benedicto Cabrera (BenCab) used their work to comment on political and social issues in the country.

Today, Philippine art continues to evolve, embracing digital media, installation art, and street murals as new forms of expression. Contemporary Filipino artists like Rodel Tapaya and Leeroy New push artistic boundaries while incorporating cultural themes into their work. Public art, such as the murals in Bonifacio Global City and street art in places like Escolta, Manila, highlights the growing influence of modern urban creativity. Despite these changes, traditional crafts and indigenous art forms remain significant, ensuring that Philippine artwork remains a dynamic blend of heritage and innovation.

1. Philippine Art

2. AGENDA: What is Philippine Art? Pottery, Weaving, and Wood carving Modern sculptures and architectures History Famous Philippine artist and composers

3. What is Philippine Art? Philippines has had a rich history. Various art genres have arisen in the Philippine art scene over time. Employed art not only for daily activities but also for religious ceremonies and customs. Pottery, weaving, carving, metalwork, and jewelry

4. POTTERY

5. Pottery produced items that are of practical value for the early Filipinos, such as pots for cooking and large vases for storing. Said to be one of the earliest art forms used by early Filipino people. One of the most prominent artifacts related to pottery Manunggul Jar found in Palawan. POTTERY

6. MANUNGGUL JAR Represent the religious beliefs and practices of early Filipino People. Serves as a burial jar , which depicts two men rowing a boat. reflects their belief in afterlife-the crossing of the body of water is a transition from life here on earth unto the next.

7. WEAVING

8. WEAVING a method of textile production in which two distinct sets of yarns or threads are interlaced at right angles to form a fabric or cloth. People from Cordillera are one of the famous artisans of weaving.

9. Lang Dulay Eliza Chawi T’nalak

10. LANG DULAY A Filipino traditional weaver who was a recipient of the National Living Treasures Award. She is credited with preserving her people's tradition of weaving T'nalak , a dyed fabric made from refined abaca fibre .

11. T’NALAK Weaving tradition of the T'boli people of South Cotabato , Philippines . T'nalak cloth are woven from abacá fibers. The traditional female weavers are known as dream weavers, because the pattern of the t'nalak cloth are inspired by their dreams. They use this particular cloth to make ornaments , which also represent their beliefs through symbols. One example is the image of the frog, which is their representation for fertility .

12. ELIZA CHAWI The oldest weaver of traditional Kankanaey cloth in the Cordilleras

13. WOOD CARVING

14. Woodcarvings from Palawan also depict animals like birds, which are representations of their religious beliefs. In Mindanao , the Tausug and Maranao people are known for their okir . Their common subjects include the sarimanok , naga and the pako rabong . Each subject is a representation of symbols depict their beliefs as a people . WOOD CARVING

15. The Okir (motif) is an exclusive artistic cultural heritage of the Maranaos of Lanao , Philippines. It is as an artistic design of the Maranao native inhabitants of southern Philippines beginning from the early 6th Century C.E. before the Islamization of the area. WOOD CARVING

16. Pako Rabong Sarimanok

17. Pako Rabong PAKO RABONG An ancient indigenous form of the Maranaw artistic design is the Pako rábong . The " pakô ", or " piyako ", refers to the beautiful motif that copied from " Salimbayan-pilipit " design of the leaf. It literally means " sumisibol o yumayabong na pakô ." It is often used in clothes and fabrics laid out as décor indoors. It was also designed with gold and silver jewelry.

18. Sarimanok SARIMANOK The Sarimanok is the legendary bird that has become an ubiquitous symbol of Maranao art . It is depicted as a fowl with colorful wings and feathered tail, holding a fish on its beak or talons. The head is profusely decorated with scroll, leaf, and spiral motifs. It is said to be a symbol of good fortune

19. History of Phi lipp ine Art

20. Spoliarium

21. SPOLIARIUM Large-scale academic painting garnered a gold medal and signified that the reformists could come at par with their European counterparts. At the same time, Luna’s win signaled the start of the Filipino’s call for equality. Spoliarium

22. 27 As modern paintings started to emerge, a triumvirate of artist was formed CARLOS FRANCISCO GALO B. OCAMPO VICTORIO EDADES

23. José Honorato Lozano Was a Filipino Asian Antiquities artist who was born in 1815. Known today as the visual chronicler and ethnographic painter par excellence of life in the Philippines in the second and third quarters of the 19th Century. He is also renowned as the father of the art form known as Letras y Figuras - literally 'Letters and Figures.' Mostly watercolors on Manila paper, these artworks depict views of quotidian Philippine life in the 19th century. Paintings of Jose Honorato Lozano has clear indication of East and West influence.

24. What is Kut-kut art? Kut-kut art is another technique of combining ancient Oriental and European art process. It is considered a lost art and highly collectible art form. Very few known art pieces existed today. The technique was practiced by the indigenous people of Samar Island between early 1600 and late 1800.

25. Modern Sculptures It is notable that when modernism was introduced in the Philippines in the late 1920s, the practice of figurative painting using pigments on a two- dimensional surface was just over a hundred years old. Spanish Colonial Period art forms Sculpture of saints replaced the anito carvings during the 17 th century .

26. The earliest known sculptor in the Philippines is the 17th century sacristan, sculptor and silversmith. few of his extant works may be found at the San Agustin Convent museum. One of his famous work is the “Retablo”. Juan De Los Santos

27. This “retablo” (altarpiece) was executed in 1617 by the carver Juan de los Santos, as the main altarpiece of San Agustin Church in Manila. This “retablo” shows the symmetry of Renaissance architecture, and the broken arch pediment in the upper part the influence of mannerist style. The original wood gilded image of “ santos ” (Saints) that filled the niches were stolen by the British in 1762, and the North American soldiers in 1898. Some of the “ santos ” that are actually in the niches, were donated in 1971 by Enrique Santamaría ; others came from the Augustinian Monastery of Cebú . Retablo

28. Modern Sculptures : 19 th Century Filipino sculptors came to be known in the middle of 19 th Century. Classical Philippine sculpture reached its peak in the works of Guillermo Tolentino (1890-1976).

29. He is consider as the “Father of Philippine Arts” because of his great works like the famous “ Bonifacio Monument” symbolizing Filipinos cry for freedom located in intersection of EDSA and Rizal Avenue and “The Oblation” in UP signifying academic freedom. represents the National Artist Awards for Sculpture in 1973. Guillermo Tolentino

30. It was built way back November 30, 1933. It was designed by the National Artist Guillermo Tolentino to commemorate Philippine revolutionary Andrés Bonifacio , the founder and Supremo of the Katipunan . Bonifacio Monument

31. Recognized as the “Father of Modern Philippine Sculpture”, Abueva helped shape the local sculpture scene to what it is now. Was the youngest National Artist awardee. He used almost all kinds of materials for his sculptures such as hard wood, adobe, metal, stainless steel, cement, marble, bronze, iron, alabaster, coral and brass. Napoleon Abueva

32. It was included in the 1st ASEAN Sculpture symposium at Fort Canning Hill, Singapore, and has been there ever since. The Fredesvinda was nicknamed 'The Ship of ASEAN' as its structure represent the skeleton of a ship. It also symbolises ASEAN unity and cooperation. Fredesvinda

33. Architecture The architecture of the classical period of the Philippines is based on vernacular architecture for most of its centuries and Islamic architecture in some coastal areas at the south, plus the interior of Lanao, after the 13th century. Ancient Filipinos lived in big settlements along sheltered bays, coastal areas, and mouths of rivers. The roof of the first Philippine houses, nipa huts, or bahay kubo , were high pitched and usually open gabled to allow for ventilation.

34. Bahay Kubo The Bahay Kubo is the native house of the Philippines and is also considered as its national shelter. These houses were elevated three to four meters of the ground, supported by wood or bamboo. The structure was usually four-walled with tukod windows.

35. Bagubo and Kalinga In the ancient times, early Filipinos lived in houses which were made of wood, bamboo, and palm leaves. All houses had a ladder which could be drawn up at night. They also have a place under their house where they keep rice, chickens, and firewood. people used this type of house for protection from enemies and wild animals on the ground.

36. Famous Philippine Artists

37. Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo (1855-1913 ) Félix Resurrección Hidalgo y Padilla was a Filipino artist. He is acknowledged as one of the greatest Filipino painters of the late 19th century Hidalgo won a silver medal for his entry in large canvas, Christian Virgins Exposed to the Populace (Las Virgenes Cristianas Expuestas al Populacho ) at the Madrid Exposition of Fine Arts. In 1984 Madrid Exposition, he set up residence in Paris to serve a quieter life. He painted Charon’s Boat and Oedipus and Antigone.

38. The painting was a silver medalist during the 1884 Exposicion General de Bellas Artes in Madrid, Spain, also known as the Madrid Exposition . Regarded as one of the national treasures of the Philippines, a copy of the painting is part of the art collection of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (Central Bank of the Philippines). The original was destroyed in a fire at the University of Valladolid in Spain Las Virgenes Cristianas Expuertas al Populacho (Christian Virgins Exposed to the Populace)

39. Is an 1887 oil on canvas and allegorical painting by award-winning Filipino painter Félix Resurrección Hidalgo. The work was a gold medalist during the Exposicion General de las Filipinas in Madrid. La barca de Aqueronte (Charon’s Boat)

40. Also won an award Oedipus Y Antigone (Oedipus and Antigone)

41. Barcos ... en el Horizonte , 1893 Seascape His Sunrise (1985) revealed his ingenuity in painting landscape and seascapes

42. was one of the two portraits he did for his mother in Paris. Félix Resurrección Hidalgo, Portrait of the Artist's Mother, 1897, Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas The Artist’s Mother

43. Juan Luna (1857-1899) Juan Luna de San Pedro y Novicio Ancheta was a Filipino painter, sculptor and a political activist of the Philippine Revolution during the late 19th century. He became one of the first recognized Philippine artists. He won a gold medal in the 1984 Madrid Expositionof Fine Arts, along with the silver win of fellow Filipino painter Félix Resurrección Hidalgo, which prompted a celebration that was a major highlight in the memoirs of members of the Propaganda Movement, with the fellow Ilustrados toasting to the two painters' good health and to the brotherhood between Spain and the Philippines.

44. A "dreamy" oil on wood painting by Filipino painter and revolutionary activist Juan Luna. It depicts Luna's wife Maria de la Paz Pardo de Tavera while sound asleep. It is currently a part of the art collection of the Lopez Museum. Ensueños de Amor (Daydreams of Love)

45. An 1895 classic oil on canvas impressionist painting by Filipino painter and revolutionary activist Juan Luna. It depicts a Filipino man and a Filipino woman having a lovers' quarrel. Tampuhan

46. It was painted shortly after he was granted pardon by Alfonso XIII for his involvement in the Philippine Revolution. Lady with Guitar

47. a painting by Filipino painter Juan Luna. Luna, working on canvas, started in 1886 and later completed in 1887 during the artist's honeymoon in Venice after his wedding to Paz Pardo de Tavera. The painting was submitted by Luna to the Exposition Universelle in 1889 in Paris, France, where it garnered a bronze medal. The picture recreates a scene of a Roman wedding ritual specifically the bride's entrance into the groom's home. Hymen ,  oh Hyménée ! 

48. Fernando Amorsolo (1892-1972) Fernando Amorsolo y Cueto was one of the most important artists in the history of painting in the Philippines. Amorsolo was a portraitist and painter of rural Philippine landscapes. He is popularly known for his craftsmanship and mastery in the use of light. National Artist Awardee. In his golden years (1920-1945), he reaped various honors. went to Madrid in 1917 to study museum classics after receiving a scholarship grant from a rich businessman named Enriquez Zobel .

49. Fernando Amorsolo (1892-1972) He exhibited 40 of his genres and landscape at the Art Center of New York World’s Fair where he was acclaimed the best popular vote. Armorsolo was also appointed Director of the School of Fine Arts of the University of the Philippines. He also did splendid illustration work in Graphics, Liwayway , Sunday Tribune, Tagalog novels such as Madaling Araw and Parusa ng Bayan, and posters and brochures.

50. Fernando Amorsolo with a portrait of his first wife, Salud Tolentino Jorge, who died in 1931 leaving him with six children. This beautiful painting, believed to have been lost or destroyed during the war, is one of his best Fernando Amorsolo with His Wife Portrait

51. An interior scene of a blind man gently strumming a guitar as a woman leans in towards him with an adoring gaze. El Ciego (The Blind Man )

52. The Burning of Manila was painted by Fernando Amorsolo , a famous Filipino painter. This artwork depicts the idea how the Manila is devastated during that time. This painting shows the Battle of Manila happened during the Japanese era, he depicted the tragedy and horror in this battle. The Burning of Manila

53. This oil painting on canvas depicts a rural scene where a group of people are shown celebrating a fiesta in Antipolo . The main focus is on a pair of dancers in the field surrounded by revelers both young and old. Antipolo Fiesta

54. Amorsolo originally painted Dalagang Bukid in 1958 in oil on canvas. The painting bears his smiling muse, who is wearing baro't saya and carrying a banga (clay jar). Dalagang Bukid

55. Vicente Manansala (1910-1981) Vicente Silva Manansala was a Filipino cubist painter and illustrator. He was a member of the prominent Cruz, Manansala, Lopez family clan. He is considered one of the 13 Moderns, a group of modernists associated with Victorio Edades . He was given a posthumous recognition as a National Artist 1982.

56. Madonna of the Slums is a portrayal of a mother and child from the countryside who became urban shanty residents once in the city. Madonna of the Slums

57. This artwork was done in 1981 same year that Manansala became National Artist for Visual Arts and also the year wherein he died. He invested each human figure with inner fortitude, making each one a stoic figure of human dignity. Give Me This Dairy (1981)

58. Carlos “ Botong ” V. Francisco (1912-1969) One of the best mural artist the country was ever had. He created enormous canvasses that chronicled the mythical world of the Filipino and its history, often seeking inspiration from tradition, folklore, myths, legends, and customs. He also painted vital events in Philippine History.

59. Bayanihan means being a hero to one another. As in the classic tradition of carrying a house. It is probably most clearly and impressively displayed in the old tradition of neighbors helping a relocating family by getting enough volunteers to carry the whole house, and literally moving it to its new location. Bayanihan

60. Filipino Struggles Through History was a commissioned for the Manila City Government in 1964 during the mayoral tenure of Antonio Villegas. And was installed at the Bulwagang Katipunan On April 8, 1996, the artwork was declared a National Cultural Treasure by then National Museum director Gabriel S. Casal .   Filipino Struggles Through History

61. Winning the first prize at the first competition of the Art Association of the Philippines in 1948 through this entry.   Kaingin

62. The First Mass in the Philippines

63. Mauro Malang Santos (1928) Mauro (Malang) Santos, commonly known as just Malang, is a Filipino cartoonist and illustrator. He was born on January 20, 1928, in Santa Cruz, the Philippine Islands and, at the age of 19, dropped out of formal education in order to begin working in the art department of the Manila Chronicle. In the 1960’s, he emerged as a serious artist with a knack in abstract painting. His illustration of Ang Kiukok formed the basis of a style in its enumeration of images, range of warm colors, and evocation of joyous parochialism.

64. Mauro "Malang" Santos Collaboration (1928 - 2017) Fruit Vendor , 1997 Bird Mountain , 1988

65. The Kiukok

66. Jose Joya (1931- 1995) graduated as a Magna Cum Laude at the University of the Philippines in 1953. He was also a recipient of the fullbright Scholarship at the Cranbrook Academy of Art in 1957. By the late 1950s, he had immerses himself on new idioms of contemporary art through the print media and regular exhibitions at the Philippine Art Gallery. In the 1960s, he started to apply paint more thinly on canvas; the form grew increasingly geometric with circles as the main motifs.

67. Granadean Arabesque, 1958 ( Ateneo Art Gallery Collection) Jose Joya (1931 - 1995) Mirage , 1975 ADDITIONAL INFOS (PICTURES CANNOT BE FOUND ON GOOGLE): Cadmium Red Square and Binhi , both created in 1971, represented Joya’s shift to decorative painting-more dramatic in style and the visual tensions visible.

68. Famous Philippine Composers

69. Obtained a Teacher’s Diploma in Composition and Conducting from the University of the Philippines and later on became a faculty member of the UP Conservatory of Music. In 1937, he was commissioned into the military service and later became music instructor and band conductor of the PMA in Baguio City. He reorganized the world famous Philippine Constabulary Band and appointed as assistant conductor of Manila Symphony Orchestra and was a member of the UP President’s Committee on Folk Songs and Dances. Composed short piano pieces, hymns and songs, pieces, and theater music. Col. Antonio Buenaventura (1904-1996)

70. Obtained a Music Teacher’s Diploma major in Piano from St. Scholastica’s University in 1949. Was scholarship grantee of the Fullbright Foundation at the Eastman School of Music degree major in theory and minor in composition. Became the administrator of the Cultural Center of the Philippines. Lucrecia R. Kasilag (1917-2008)

71. Felipe Padilla de Leon was a composer, conductor and a former student of Col. Buenaventura at the UP Conservatory of Music. After Graduation in 1939, he was appointed assistant instructor at the UP Department of Science and Composition where he taught history and music subjects. technical assistant on cultural affairs in the Office of the President of the Philippines. Was President of the Filipino Society of composers, Authors, and Publishers. President of the Pambansang Samahan ng mga Banda sa Pilipinas and the Diwa ng Nuweba Esih . Trustee of the Music Promotion Foundation of the Philippines; Director of the SONGFEST Philippines and the Felin Institute of the Philippines. Felipe Padilla (1912-1992)

72. born in 1894, faculty member of the UP Conservatory of Music where he taught harmony, compositions, and music history as well as violoncello. a conductor in the concert stage of various schools, church, choirs, orchestra, bands, and rondallas . composed the zarzuela Ate Maria and hatinggabi . was member of the UP President’s Committee on Filipino Folksongs and Dances and Secretary of the Conservatory of Music. received honors as a conductor of the Monserrat Philharmonic Band, the Yellow Taxi Orchestra, and Yellow Taxi Rondalla and the operas Madame Butterfly, La Giaconda, La Fuerza del Destino , and Cavalleria Rusticana . Antonio Molina (1894- 1980)

73. born in 1913 married to Gertudes Diaz and had 5 children. During his graduation in Grade VII, he played the Poet and Peasant Overture on the banjo. started composing songs in college and conducted the UP ROTC Band. was assistant conductor and later, conductor of the Musical Philippines Philharmoni Orchestra and a musical presented at the Metropolitan Theatre. won many prizes for his works was connected with major conservatories in the country and wrote sacred and secular vocal music, overtures, tones, poems, symphonic poems, and quartets. Lucio D. San Pedro (1912-2002)

74. THANK YOU!!!