philippine constitutions and its rules and regulations

The Constitution of the Philippines is the constitution or the supreme law of the Republic of the Philippines. Its final draft was completed by the Constitutional Commission on October 12, 1986, and ratified by a nationwide plebiscite on February 2, 1987.

1. THE PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTIONS

2. Important Facts About Constitution Understanding the Nature and Purpose or Function of Constitution Constitution refers to “that body of rules and principles in accordance with which the powers of sovereignty are regularly exercised .

3. Constitution serves as the supreme or fundamental law and established framework and underlying principles of government. Constitution governs all areas of human endeavor. Constitution is primarily designed to preserve and protect the rights of individuals against arbitrarily action.

4. 2. Classification and Requisites of a Good Written Constitution There are three classifications of Constitution; As to origin As to form As to manner of amending

5. As to origin or history Constitution may be constitutional or enacted, i.e., enacted by a constitutional assembly or granted by a monarch to his subjects: It is a product of growth or a long period of development originating in customs, traditions, judicial decisions rather from a deliberate and formal enactment.

6. As to form - Constitution may be written or unwritten . It is written form at a particular time, usually by a duly constituted authority or unwritten when it is entirely the product of political evolution, consisting largely of a mass of customs, usages and judicial decisions together with a smaller body of statutory enactments of a fundamental character, usually being different rates.

7. As to manner -it may either rigid or inelastic, i.e., regarded as a document of special sanctity which cannot be amended or altered except by some special machinery . A good written constitution must be brief, broad, and define .

8. 3. The Malolos Constitution: Background of its Framing. August 18,1898- when Spaniards finally surrendered after a mock battle which was agreed upon between Americans through Admiral George Dewey and Major General Wesley Merritt. Nevertheless , Emilio Aguinaldo kept his faith that the Americans came as liberators and eventually the Philippines would become a totally independent nation.

9. 3. The Malolos Constitution: Background of its Framing. May 19,1898- returning to the Philippines, after leaving the country on a voluntary exile to Hong Kong as part of the agreement under the Pact of Biac-na-Bato , Aguinaldo established his dictatorial government on May 24, 1898, which he said would only be a temporary government and to last until the establishment of a republic.

10. 3. The Malolos Constitution: Background of its Framing. On June 12, 1898- Aguinaldo proclaimed the Philippine Independence in Kawit , Cavite where the Philippine flag was unfurled and the Philippine National Anthem was played. Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista read the Act of the Declaration of Independence which he himself had written.

11. 3. The Malolos Constitution: Background of its Framing. Eleven days after the proclamation of the Philippine Independence in Kawit , Cavite . Apolinario Mabini the adviser of Aguinaldo issued a decree changing the Dictatorial Government to Revolutionary Government. It is only existed for 30 days.

12. 3. 1. The Malolos Congress The Malolos Congress was inaugurated at the Barasoain Church on September 15, 1898. The power of the Congress were clearly defined “to watch over the general interest of the Philippine people, and the carrying out of the revolutionary laws; to discuss and vote upon said laws; to discuss and approve, prior to their ratification , treaties and loans;

13. 3. 1. The Malolos Congress The Malolos Congress had Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista as its temporary president. An election was done in the afternoon of that day and elected officers of the legislative body. Pedro A. Paterno was elected president ; Benito Legarda , vice president ; Gregorio Araneta, first secretary; and Pablo Ocampo, second secretary.

14. 3. 1. The Malolos Congress The ratification of the ‘Act of the Declaration of Independence’ was the first significant act of Malolos Congress. It was done on September 29, 1898 and Aguinaldo again graced the legislative body with his presence. He said that the Philippines is for Filipinos, that ‘they could now remain in peace for we are one in mind, and nobody desires annexation and autonomy.

15. 3.2. The Framing of Malolos Constitution The framing of a Constitution was implied for in the June 18, 1898 decree issued by Aguinaldo. Joaquin Gonzales and Felipe Calderon drafted the rules for the drafting of the Constitution. Committee to draft the Malolos Constitution were Pedro Paterno , Felipe Buencamino and Felipe Calderon January 21,1899- Aguinaldo by virtue of his position and power as President promulgated the Malolos Constitution.