Phomopsis blight of brinjal

PATHOGEN
LIFE CYCLE
SYMPTOMS
MANAGEMENT

1. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY ( Affiliated to Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-3) Kullapuram (Po), ViaVaigai Dam, Theni-625 562 PHOMOPSIS BLIGHT IN BRINJAL SUBMITTED BY COURSE TEACHER K.NAGAVALLI Dr.PARTHASARATHY.S 2015021087 Asst,Prof .( PLANT PATHOLOGY)

2. PHOMOPSIS BLIGHT IN BRINJAL Causal organism Anamorph (Asexual stage) Phomopsis vexans ( Sacc . & Syd .) Harter. 1914; Teleomorph (Sexual stage) Diaporthe vexans ( Sacc . & Syd .) Gratz 1942

3. HISTORY Phomopsis vexans is an important fungal plant pathogen associated with brinjal . Since it is discovered in the year of 1914. Native – Southern Asia Host – Tomato, chilli

4. OCCURRENCE In India, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andra Pradesh, Kerala, Goa, West Bengal, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Gujarat.

5. ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE The disease is reported to cause 15-20% (30-50% in severe case) yield loss in brinjal . In India, the disease incidence ranges of 10-40%.

6. SYSTEMATIC POSITION Kingdom : Fungi Division : Ascomycota Class : Sordariomycetes Order : Diaporthales Family : Diaporthaceae Genus : Phomopsis Species : P. vexans

7. SYMPTOMS Occur at seedling stage as well as in transplanted crop. Small circular spots develops in leaves. Turn grey later with light coloured centre. Pale to light brown sunken spots develop on the old fruits. Individual spots expand and coalesce to cover entire fruit or most part of the fruits.

8. http://www.agriplexindia.com

9. http://www.agriplexindia.com

10. http://agritech.tnau.ac.

11. PATHOGEN CHARACTER Pycnidia - with or without beak, brown to black Conidiophores - hyaline, simple or branched, Conidia - hyaline, one celled and subcylindrical Stylophores - filiform , curved, hyaline, septate

12. Life cycle of Phomopsis blight ( S.K.Gupta , R.C.Sharma )

13. MODE OF INFECTION Primary spread - Seed borne Spread by rain splashes, implements and insects. Secondary spread Survives in infected plant debris in soil.

14. FAVOURABLE CONDITION Hot and Humid weather. Optimum temperature 29˚C for fungal growth. Storage rot of fruits is maximum at 25 ° C.

15. MANAGEMENT Use healthy seeds collected from healthy fruits and healthy field. Grow resistant varieties like Pusa Bhairav and Florida market. Give hot water treatment to seeds at 50˚C for 30 minutes. Seed treatment with Carbendazim @0.25%

16. At least three year crop rotation is required with any non host crop. Burn infected crop residue. Bavistin : Seed treatment (1g/kg) + seedling treatment for 30 minutes(0.05% solution ) spray at 10-15 days interval.

17. REFERENCE Thind . T.S. Diseases of Fruits and Vegetables and their management, Second edition, 2016, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi. Saha . L.R. Handbook of plant diseases, 2015, Kalyani publishers, New Delhi.