Phylum Echinodermata

Phylum Echinodermata

1. Biology Biology

2. Sir Hassan Bin Sadat Nauvera Shaukat Roll Number 27 : Phylum Echinodermata Submitted To: Sir Hassan Bin Sadat Submitted By: : Nauvera Shaukat Roll Number 27 :

3. Definition : Any  marine animal of the invertebrate phylum Echinodermata, having  aradiating  arrangement of parts and a body wall stiffened by  calcareouspieces  that may protrude as spines and including  the  starfishes,  seaurchins , sea cucumbers, etc .

4. phylum Echinodermata animal kingdom ,  Animalia ,  kingdom Animalia   taxonomic kingdom comprising  allliving  or extinct animals . Asteroidea ,  class Asteroidea  - sea stars class Ophiuroidea ,  Ophiuroidea  - brittle stars and basket stars class Echinoidea ,  Echinoidea  - sea urchins and sand dollars class Crinoidea ,  Crinoidea class Holothuroidea ,  Holothuroidea  - class of echinoderms including the sea cucumbers phylum  - (biology) the major taxonomic group of animals and plants; contains classes Classification

5. Characteristics of Echinodermata 1)Possess 5-rayed symmetry, mostly radial, sometimes bilateral.  2)Body has more than two cell layers, tissues and organs.  3)Body cavity a true coelom.  4)Most possesses a through gut with an anus.  5)Body shape highly variable, but with no head.  6)Nervous system includes a circum-oesophageal ring.  7)Has a poorly defined open circulatory system.  8)Possesses a water vascular system, which hydraulically operates the tube feet or feeding tentacles.  9)Without excretory organs.  10)Normally possesses a subepidermal system of calcareous plates  11)Reproduction normally sexual and gonochoristic .  12)Feeds on fine particles in the water, detritus or other animals.  13)All live marine environments.

6. Examples: ; Sea stars Sea Urchins Sea Cucumbers Sand Dollars Sea Lilies

7. Star Fish

8. Star Fish Re Production They Can reproduce both by sexual and asexual

9. Digestion in Star Fish

10. Regeneration Star fish can Regenerate of their lost or injured body parts

11. Harmful effect of Star fish in environment Effect of starfish in environment: There are many species of starfish that are poisonous and even deadly to humans. The crown of thorns , the  sun star , the  spiny sun star  and the  leather star  are some of them. Their spines are the poisonous parts.