Physical activities and Health

Benefits of physical activities in promoting good health

1. Abdullateef Ismail (PT)
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH
By

2. OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this presentation is to provide a snapshot of the
scientific evidence of the benefits of physical activity on health and
well-being.

3. WHAT IS PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
•Physical activity
Bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in an
expenditure of energy
• Physical fitness
Ability of the body’s systems to function efficiently and effectively.
One is “physically fit” if they have the ability to:
“carry out daily tasks with vigor and alertness, without undue fatigue, and
with ample energy to enjoy leisure-time pursuits and to meet unforeseen
emergencies.”
WHO 2003

4. “PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IS SOMETHING YOU DO. PHYSICAL
FITNESS IS SOMETHING YOU ACQUIRE, A
CHARACTERISTIC OR AN ATTRIBUTE ONE CAN ACHIEVE
BY BEING PHYSICALLY ACTIVE. AND EXERCISE IS
STRUCTURED AND TENDS TO HAVE FITNESS AS ITS GOAL"

5. Components of Fitness

6. The ability of your heart, blood vessels, lungs and blood to deliver
oxygen and nutrients to all of your body’s cells while you are being
physically active.
•Brisk walking
•Jogging
•Swimming
•Cycling
•Rope-jumping

7. Refers to the ratio of lean body tissue (muscle) to body-fat tissue.
•Brisk walking
•Jogging
•Swimming
•Cycling

8. The ability of the joints to move through their full range of motion.
Flexibility

9. The amount of force that a muscle can apply in a given contraction.
•Lifting weights
Muscular Strength

10. The ability of the muscle to keep working over a period of
time.
•Pushups
•Sit-ups
•Pull-ups, and
•weight training
Muscular Endurance

11. COMMON REASONS NOT TO EXERCISE
•I don’t have the time
•I don’t like to sweat
•I’ll look silly
•It hurts
•I don’t know what to do
•It’s not important

12. WHY EXERCISE ???

13. DO YOU KNOW?
•13.5 million people have coronary heart disease.
•1.5 million people suffer from a heart attack in a given year.
•250,000 people suffer from hip fractures each year.
•Over 60 million people (a third of the population) are overweight.
•50 million people have high blood pressure.
(WHO, 2003)

14. HEALTH BENEFITS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES

15. HYPOKINETIC CONDITIONS
•Cardiovascular disease
•Cancer
•Back problems
•Obesity
•Diabetes
•Osteoporosis
•Mental health

16. CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
•Coronary heart disease (CHD)
•#1 cause of death
•Stroke
•#3 cause of death

17. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND THE HEALTHY
HEART
•Produces a strong heart muscle
•Promotes good collateral circulation

18. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND
ATHEROSCLEROSIS
•Lowers blood lipid levels
•Increases HDL cholesterol
(the “good” cholesterol)
•Reduces fibrin deposits (blood
coagulation)

19. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & OTHER
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
•Reduced risk of high blood pressure (hypertension)
•Reduced the risk of stroke
•Prevention of peripheral vascular disease
•Reduction in CVD deaths

20. ACTIVITY REDUCES THE RISK OF SOME
CANCERS
•Exercise helps to prevent obesity, a major risk factor for several
types of cancer
•Exercise enhances immune function
•Exercise activates antioxidant enzymes that protect cells from free
radical damage

WHO 2003

21. ACTIVITY REDUCES RISK OF BACK PAIN
•Improves flexibility
of joints and ligaments
•Improves musculoskeletal
strength and endurance

22. ACTIVITY PROMOTES WEIGHT CONTROL
•Burns calories
•Increases rate of metabolism
•Promotes fat loss and preserves
muscle

23. DIABETES MELLITUS (DM)
•Type I (juvenile onset)
•Pancreas fails to produce insulin
•Type 2 (adult onset)
•Lack of sensitivity to insulin
•Often caused by obesity
American Diabetes AssociationAmerican Diabetes Association

24. ACTIVITY REDUCES RISKS OF DIABETES
•Type 1
Reduces disease risk
Increases quality of life
•Type 2
Decreased insulin requirement
Reduced fatness

25. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY REDUCES RISK OF
OSTEOPOROSIS
•Increases peak bone mass
•Slows decline in bone
mass

26. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IMPROVES
EMOTIONAL HEALTH
•Reduced depression
•Reduced anxiety
•Improved sleep
(greater ability to relax)
•Increased self-esteem

27. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND
IMMUNE FUNCTION
CONCEPTS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS

28. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & AGING
•Slows aging
Acquired aging
(related to lifestyle)
•Compression of morbidity
•Time-dependent aging cannot be altered

29. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & WELLNESS
•Good physical fitness and regular physical activity are important for
optimal wellness.
•Good physical fitness:
Helps you enjoy leisure
Helps you work more effectively and efficiently
Keeps body functioning effectively
Can help you function safely and meet emergencies

30. OPPORTUNITIES FOR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
•At work
•For transport
•In domestic duties
•In leisure time

31. GETTING STARTED….SETTING GOALS

32. BEFORE YOU START...
•If you are over 40 or have health problems (heart disease, high blood
pressure, diabetes, obesity, muscle or joint problems) see a
physician/physiotherapist before beginning exercise
•Be informed
•Learn as much as you can about exercise by reading and talking to
other people
•Learn safety precautions before you do any exercise

33. SUMMARY
•Physical inactivity is one of the top 10 leading causes of death and
disability in the developed world
•Exercise improves our body and minds
•Even moderate exercise has many health benefits
•It is important to set fitness goals that are realistic and meaningful
for you
•It takes time to make fitness part of a lifestyle, and we will all have
ups and downs in following our exercise programs

Exercise feels good!