Physiology MCQS.pdf

physiology MCQS for FMGE NEXT NEETPG

1. Muscle MCQs

2. 1.Theregulatory(relaxing)proteinsare
a.Tropomyosin
b.Troponin
c.Dystrophin–glycoproteincomplex
d.Bothtropomyosin&troponin

3. 1.WhichofthestatementsregardingtheTtubulesiscorrect
a.Theyarebetterdevelopedinthinmusclefibres
b.Theyareinvaginationsofsarcoplasmicreticulum
c.Theyconductdepolarizationtomusclecellinterior
d.TheycontainICF

4. 1.Basedonsliding-filamenttheorywhichofthefollowingchanges
wouldyouexpectinthesarcomereduringcontraction?
a.ThelengthofAandHzonesshouldincrease
b.ThelengthofAzoneshouldincrease
c.ThelengthofHandIshoulddecrease
d.ThelengthofHzoneshouldincrease
e.ThelengthofIzoneshoulddecrease

5. 1.Dihydropyridinereceptoris
a.PresentintheT-tubulemembraneanditisessentiallya
voltagegatedCa
++
channel
b.PresentintheL-tubuleanditisessentiallyavoltage-gated
Ca
++
channel
c.PresentintheL-tubuleanditisessentiallyaligandgatedCa
++
channel
d.PresentintheT-tubulemembraneanditisessentiallyaligand
gatedCa
++
channel

6. Following is the electron micrograph of skeletal muscle
Junction of A and I band is represented at
A
B
C
D

7. 1.Spatialsummationmeans
a.Increasingthefrequencyofneuralstimulation,therapy
increasingthenumberofmotorunitsthatwillcontract
b.Increasingthefrequencyofneuralstimulation,thereby
increasingthetensiondevelopedbyindividualcontracting
motorunits
c.Increasingtheintensityofelectricalstimulation,thereby
increasingthetensiondevelopedbyeachindividual
contractingmotorunit
d.Increasingtheintensityofelectricalstimulation,thereby
increasingthenumberofmotorunitsthatwillcontract

9. 1.AllthefollowingaretrueoftypeIImuscleexcept
a.Theyarealsocalledaswhitemuscles
b.Theyareofshort-twitchdurations
c.Theyaremeantforlong,slowposture-maintaining
contractions
d.Extraocularmuscleareanexample

10. 1.Allareassociatedwithsmoothmuscleexcept
a.Smoothmuscledevelopslessforceperunitcross-section
thanskeletalmuscle
b.Latch-state
c.Densebodies
d.Ca
++
(forcontraction)comesmainlyfromECF
e.Plasticity
f.Oneofthestepsincontractionisactivationofcalmodulin-
dependentmyosinlightchainkinaseandphosphorylationof
myosin

11. 1.Whichofthefollowingmuscleproteinsphysicallycoverstheactive
sitesonactinfilamenttopreventinteractionwithmyosin
a.TroponinC
b.TroponinI
c.Tropomyosin
d.TroponinT

12. 1.Recruitmentofmotorunitsisalsoknownas
a.Spatialsummation
b.Temporalsummation
c.Treppe
d.Clonus

13. Respiratory System MCQs

14. 1.The Respiratory zone consists of all the following
except
a.Alveoli
b.Alveolar ducts
c.Respiratory bronchiole
d.Terminal bronchiole

16. 1.With reference to atmospheric pressure, the
intrapleuralpressure at the base of the lungs at
the start of inspiration is (in mmHg) about
a.–2.5
b.–6.0
c.0
d.+2.5

18. 1.With reference to atmospheric pressure, the
intrapulmonary pressure at the peak of normal
inspiration is (In mmHg).
a.–1.0
b.+1.0
c.–2.5
d.-60

19. 1.The transpulmonarypressure is the pressure
difference between
a.Intrapleuraland atmospheric pressure
b.Intra pulmonary and atmospheric pressure
c.Intrapleuraland intrapulmonary
d.None of the above

20. 1.The main muscle of inspiration is
a.Diaphragm
b.External intercostals
c.Internal intercostals
d.Scalene

21. 1.Surfactant is secreted by
a.Type I alveolar epithelial cells
b.Granular pneumocytes
c.‘Dust’ Cells
d. APUD Cells

22. 1.Surfactant is composed mainly of
a.Lecithin
b.Cephalin
c.Phosphatidylglycerol
d . Protein

23. 1.Work of breathing is mostly due to
a.Surface tension elasticity
b.Tissue elasticity
c.Viscous resistance
d.Airway resistance

24. 1.Whose value is normally the maximum
a.IRV
b.TV
c.ERV
d.RV

25. 1.From base to apex of the lung during standing all
the following decrease except
a.Pulmonary blood flow
b.Ventilation per unit volume
c.VA/Q ratio
d.Intrapleuralpressure

26. 1.Consider the following graph
Shift of the solid curve to dashed curve can be
described as
a.Bohr’s effect
b.Heldane’seffect
c.CO poisoning
d.Chloride shift

27. 1.Lung diffusion capacity is measured with
a.CO
b.CO
2
c.N2O
d.O
2

28. 1.D
L
O
2
at rest is (in mL/min/mmHg)
a.25
b.50
c.12.5
d.100

29. 1.The ratio of the pulmonary ventilation to
pulmonary blood flow for the whole lung at rest
is approximately.
a.5.5
b.1.3
c.0.8
d.4.2

30. 1.The partial pressure of CO2 in the atmospheric
air is (in mm Hg)
a.0.003
b.0.04
c.0.3
d.3

31. 1.The partial pressure of H2O at body temperature
(37
o
C) is (in mm Hg)
a.21
b.40
c.47
d.100

32. 1.The alveolar air composition is (in mm Hg)
a.P
A
O2=100; P
A
CO2=40
b.P
A
O2=100; P
A
CO2=46
c.P
A
O2 = 95; P
A
CO2=46
d.P
A
O2 = 95; P
A
CO2=40

33. Oxygen saturation in venous blood during severe
exercise lies at which point
A
B
C
D

34. 1.When the O2 –Hbdissociation curve (OHDC) shifts
to the right it is associated with
a.Increased P
50
b.Increased affinity Hbfor O
2
c.Impaired ability to unload O
2
in the Tissues
d.Increased O2 –carrying capacity of Hb

35. 1.4 moles of myoglobinwill bind how many moles
of Oxygen
a.4
b.16
c.1
d.8

36. 1.Haldane effect is
a.Binding of O
2
to Hbfavoursrelease of CO
2
b.Binding of CO
2
to Hbfavourrelease of O
2
c.HCO
3
leaving RBC in exchange for C1
d.None of the above

37. 1.CO
2
is carried in the blood as
a.Carbaminocompound
b.Dissolved gas
c.Bicarbonate
d. All of the above

38. 1.The solubility of CO
2
in blood is how many times
that of O
2
a.210
b.20
c.10
d.1.4

39. 1.Inherent rhythmicityof respiration is controlled by
neurons located in
a.Carotid
b.Lungs
c.Reticular formation of medulla
d.Pneumotaxiccenter

40. 1.The ‘brakes’ on inspiration are applied by
a.Pneumotaxiccentre
b.Afferent in vagifrom the receptors in the
lungs and airways
c.Both A and B
d.Apneusticcentre

41. 1.The central chemoreceptorsin the medulla
respond to
a.CO
2
b.H+
c.O
2
d.All of the above

42. 1.The peripheral chemoreceptorsrespond to
a.CO
2
b.H+
c.O
2
d.All of the above

43. 1.Caroticbody chemoreceptorsare stimulated by all
the following types of hypoxia except
a.Histotoxic
b.Stagnant
c.Hypoxic
d.Anemic

44. 1.The ventilatoryresponse to O
2
lack becomes
marked only when the PAO
2
is les than (in mm Hg)
a.100
b.95
c.60
d.30

45. 1.Hering–Breuer reflexes are mediated by
a.Slowly adapting myelinatedvagalfibres
b.Rapidly adapting myelinatedvagalfibres
c.Unmyelinatedpulmonary C fibers
d.Unmyelinatedbronchial C fibers

47. 1.J receptors are situated in
a.Heart
b.Joint
c.Alveolar interstitium
d.Carotid body

48. 1.Value at point ‘A’ is approximately
a.30 mm Hg
b.60 mm Hg
c.95 mm Hg
d.760 mm Hg

49. 1.Transectionof brainstem below the medulla
a.Results in apneusticbreathing
b.Stops respiration
c.Does not affect automatic respiration
d.Causes irregular respiration

50. 1.Calculate the alveolar ventilation if respiratory
rate =20/ min, dead space = 180 ml and tidal
volume = 400 ml
a.5.5L/min
b.6.0L/min
c.4.4L/min
d.2.4L/min

51. 1.In moderate exercise, the respiratory rate is
increased due to response of
a.Joint propriceptorstimulation
b.Increase in PCO
2
in arterial blood
c.Decreased pH
d.Decreased O
2

52. 1.During exercise oxygen consumption of the
body can become
a.6 times
b.20 times
c.50 times
d.100 times

53. GIT MCQs

54. 1.Digestionofproteinoccursat
a.Intestinallumen
b.Brushborder
c.Cytoplasmofmucosalcalls
d. All

55. 1.Ebner'sglandssecrete
a.Ptyalin
b.Linguallipase
c.Mucus
d. Colipase

56. 1.Proteindigestionbeginsin
a.Saliva
b.Stomach
c.Duodenalcap
d.Jejunum

57. 1.Trypsinogencanbeconvertedtotrypsinby
a.Carboxypepdidase
b.Aminopepdidase
c.Enterokinase
d.gastrin

58. 1.Carbohydratedigestionbeginsin
a.Saliva
b.Stomach
c.Duodenum
d.Ileum

59. 1.Bilesaltsaremaximallyabsorbedin
a.Duodenum
b.Jejunum
c.Ileum
d.Colon

60. 1.Contentsareessentiallyisotonicinallexcept
a.Duodenum
b.Jejunum
c.Ileum
d.Colon

61. 1.Auerbachplexusisconcernedmainlywith
a.Motorcontrol
b.Secretingactivity
c.Sensoryfunction
d.Bloodflow

63. 1.BERisseeninallexcept
a.Esophagus
b.Stomach
c.Ileum
d.Colon

65. 1.RateofBERisminimumin
a.Stomach
b.Duodenum
c.Caecum
d.Sigmoid

66. 1.Allaretrueaboutmigratorymotorcomplexes(MMC)
except
a.Theymigrateatthespeedof5cm/min
b.Theyoccuratanintervalof90min
c.Theyarepresentduringfasting
d.Gastrinmayhavearoleinitsgeneration

67. 1.Allaretrueaboutgastrinexcept
a.Secretedfromparietalcellsinstomach
b.Vagalstimulationwillleadtogastrinrelease
c.Gastrinstimulatesacidsecretion
d.Acidinstomachinhibitsgastrinrelease

68. 1.AlltrueaboutCCK-PZexcept
a.Secretedfromuppersmallintestine
b.Causescontractionofgallbladder
c.Causessecretionofpancreaticjuicerichinenzyme
d.Increasesgastricmotility

69. 1.alltrueaboutsecretinexcept
a.Secretedbyuppersmallintestine
b.Stimulatepancreaticsecretionrichinenzymes
c.Inhibitsgastricacidsecretion
d.AugmentstheactionofCCKongallbladder

70. 1.Alltrueaboutgastricemptyingexcept
a.Gastrinpromotesgastricemptying
b.Gastricdistensionfavoursgastricemptying
c.CCKinhibitsgastricemptying
d.Duodenalhyperosmolarityincreasesgastric
emptying

72. 1.Foodstaysinstomachformaximumtimeifitcontains
a.Protein
b.Fats
c.Carbohydrates
d.Equalforall

73. 1.Primarybileacidsare
a.Cholicacidandchenodeoxycholicacid
b.Cholicacidandlithocholicacid
c.Cholicacidanddeoxycholicacid
d.Deoxycholicacidandchenodeoxycholicacid

74. 1.Secondarybileacidsareproducedin
a.Smallintestine
b.Largeintestine
c.Liver
d.Gallbladder

75. 1.Maximumwaterabsorptionoccursin
a.Stomach
b.Jejunum
c.Ileum
d.Colon

76. 1.Glucoseabsorptionatapicalborderinenterocytes
a.Primaryactivetransport
b.Secondaryactivetransport
c.Passive
d.Fascilitateddiffusion

77. Kidney MCQs

78. 1.All are true of juxtamedullarynephronsexcept [wrtcortical
nephrons]
a.Form 15% of total nephrons
b.Have vas recta
c.Have long loops of Henle
d.Have high blood flow
e.Have large O
2
extraction
f.Have larger glomeruliand narrower efferent arterioles

79. 1.All the following form a part of the filtration barrier
except
a.Filtration slits
b.Basements membrane
c.Capillary endothelium
d.Parietal layer of Bowmanscapsule

81. 1.Calculate the direction of the net filtration force given the
following data:
P
GC
= 40mmHg
P
T
= 6mmHg

GC
= 23mmHg

T
= 3 mmHg
a.14mmHg, from GC to T
b.20 mmHg, fro GC to T
c.54 mmHg, from GC to T
d.20 mmHg, from T to CG
GC= Glomerularcapillary
T=Tubule
P= Hydrostatic pressure
= Oncoticpressure

83. 1.Clearance of which of the following substances is normally
the maximum
a.Glucose
b.Sodium
c.Urea
d. Creatinine

84. 1.Regarding mesangialcells, all are true except
a.Mesangialcells form a part of the juxtaglomerular
apparatus
b.The mesangialcells are contractile and their contraction
decreases the G.F.R
c.The mesangialcells secrete various substances and take
up immune complexes
d.AngiotensionII is an important regulator of mesangial
cell contraction

85. 1.Sodium is maximally absorbed in
a.PCT
b.DCT
c.Loop of Henle
d.Collecting ducts

86. 1.The correct sequence regarding the tonicity of tubular fluid
from PCT Descending limb of Henle’sloop Ascending
limb of Henle’sloop is
a) Isotonic HypotonicHypertonic.
b) Isotonic Hypertonic Isotonic / Hypotonic.
c) Isotonic isotonic Hypertonic.
d) Isotonic Isotonic Hypotonic.

87. 1.The part of the nephron least permeable to water is
a. PCT
b.Descending thin segment
c.Collecting duct
d.Ascending limb of Loop Of Henle

88. 11.In the presence of vasopressin, the greatest fraction of filtered
water is reabsorbed in
a.PCT
b.Loop of Henle
c.DCT
d.CCD
e.OMCD
f.IMCD

90. To increase water reabsorption, / vasopressin acts on
a) Aquaporin1
b) Aquaporin2
c) Aquaporin3
d) Aquaporin4

91. Regarding the counter current mechanism all the following are
true EXCEPT
a.The CC multiplier in the loop of henleis an active process.
b.The CC exchanger in the VasaRecta is a passive process.
c.Urea contributes to the medullaryinterstitial osmotic
gradient.
d.The high medullaryblood flow helps in the counter
current mechanism.
e.The differential permeability characteristics of the
descending and ascending limbs of Henleto Na+ / H
2
O
helps in the counter current mechanism.

92. Limiting H
+
concentration of urine is how many times the H
+
concentration of plasma?
a.100
b.4.5
c.1000
d.7.4

93. 18.Transport maxima of glucose in adult human kidney in male
i.375 mg/min
ii.375 mg/100 ml
iii.180 mg/min
iv.180 mg/100 ml

94. 18.Which of the following statements about reninis true?
i.Cells of PCT secrete it.
ii.Its secretion leads to loss of Na
+
and H
2
O from plasma
iii.Its secretion is stimulated by increased mean renal
arterial pressure.
iv.Increase in ECF potassium decreases it.

95. 18.The following test results were obtained on specimens from a
person over a 24-hour period:
Urine flow rate = 2.0 ml/min
Urine inulin= 1.0 mg /ml
Plasma inulin= 0.01 mg /ml
Urine urea = 220 m mol/L
Plasma urea = 5 m mol /L
What is the GFR?
a.200 ml/ min
b.125 ml/min
c.150 ml/min
d.175 ml /min

97. 18.Urea concentration is maximum in
i.End of PCT
ii.Tip of Loop of Henle
iii.MedullaryCollecting duct
iv.Medullaryinterstitium

99. 18.In normal conditions total osmolaritymaximum at
i.End of PCT
ii.End of DCT
iii.End of medullarycollecting ducts
iv.Medullaryinterstitiumnear pyramids

101. 18.Glucose concentration is maximum at
a)proximal PCT
b)distal PCT
c)DCT
d) collecting duct

102. Endocrine System MCQs

103. 1.With respect to inactive follicles, active thyroid follicles
a.Have abundant colloid
b.Are large
c.Have columnar cells
d.Both a and b

104. 1.Reabsorptionlacunae in thyroid are seen in
a.Colloid in active follicle
b.Colloid in inactive follicle
c.Cells in active follicle
d.Cells in active follicle

105. 1.Iodide uptake in thyroid cells is an example of
a.Primary active transport
b.Secondary active transport
c.Facilitated diffusion
d. Passive transport

106. 1.All of the following are thyroid binding proteins in plasma
except
a.Albumin
b.Transthyretin
c.Thyroid binding globulin
d. Thyroglobulin

107. 1.In thyroid 'coupling reaction' forms all of the following
except
a.T
3
b.T
4
c.RT
3
d.DIT

108. 1.Most of the total mass of adrenal gland is made up of
a.Zonaglomerulosa
b.Zonafasciculata
c.Zonareticularis
d.Adrenal medulla

109. 1.In adrenal medulla
a.90 % cells are epinephrine secreting type
b.90 % cells are nor-epinephrine secreting type
c.90 % cells are dopamine secreting type
d.All three are almost equal

110. 1.Cardiovascular effects of nor-epinephrine would include a
significant increase in all of the following except
a.Systolic BP
b.Diastolic BP
c.Mean BP
d.Pulse Pressure

112. 1.The effects of aldosteroneon kidney include
a.Increased Na
+
reabsorption
b.Increased K
+
excretion
c.Increased H
+
excretion
d.All

113. 1.All are true about primary hyper-aldosteronismexcept
a.Decrease in K
+
in Plasma
b.Increase in plasma Na
+
c.Increase in plasma HCO
3
d. Hypertension

114. 1.Aldosteronesecretion is controlled by
a.ACTH
b.AngiotensinII
c.Electrolytes Na
+
and K
+
d.All

116. 1.All of the following can give stimulatory afferent input to
hypothalamus for CRH release except
a.Limbic system
b.Suprachiasmaticnucleus
c.Baroreceptor
d. Nociceptivepathways

118. 1.Cortisol
a.Secretion increases following injury
b.Favors protein synthesis
c.Enhances effects of antigen-antibody reaction
d.Tends to low blood pressure

119. 1.Which of the following regarding action on plasma Ca
++
and PO
4
is true
a.1, 25 DHCC : ↑Ca
++
, ↓PO
4
b.Calcitonin: ↓Ca
++
, ↑PO
4
c.PTH : ↑Ca
++
, ↑PO
4
d.None

120. 1.Main effect of vit-D
a.Increases intestinal absorption of Ca
++
b.Increases bone resorption
c.Increases Ca
++
reabsorptionin kidney
d.Increases bone formation

121. 1.Major storage form of Vit-D is
a.25 hydroxycholecalciferol
b.1, 25 dihydroxycholecalciferol
c.24,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol
d.Cholecalciferol

122. 1.24 -25 dihydroxycholecalciferolis produced in
a.Liver
b.Kidney
c.Skin
d.bones

123. 1.Transaction of pituitary stalk leads to increase in
a.GH
b.TSH
c.ACTH
d.Prolactin

124. 1.Anterior pituitary secretes
a.Somatotropin
b.Somatostatin
c.Somatomedin
d.all

125. 1.Pan hypopituitarismcauses all except
a.Pigmentation
b.Infertility
c.Loss of secondary sexual characteristics
d.Cold intolerance

126. 1.Which of the following hormones is not secreted by
adenohypophysis
a.ADH
b.ACTH
c.TSH
d.FSH

127. 1.Melatonin is secreted by
a.Hypothalamus
b.Intermediate lobe of pituitary
c.Pineal gland
d.Malanocytes

128. CNS MCQs

129. 1.Forarousalresponse,theimportantascendingpathwayis
a.Reticulocortical
b.corticogeniculate
c.Spinoreticular
d. Limbal

130. 1.Thalamusisamajorsensoryrelaystationforallexcept
a.Taste
b.Hearing
c.Vision
d.Smell

131. 1.Theterm‘desynchronisation’indicates
a.Swaves
b.Replacementofrhythmicwavewith‘a’waves
c.ReplacementofrhythmicEEGpatternwithlow
voltage,irregularwaves
d.Alloftheabove

132. 1.Allofthefollowingstatementsaboutalpharhythmofthe
EEGistrueexcept
a.Ithasanamplitudeofabout50microvolts
b.Ithasafrequencyof8-12Hz
c.Itdisappearswhenthesubjectcloseshiseyes
d.Itismostprominentovertheparietooccipitalregionin
theadult

133. 1.Sleepspindlesappearin
a.Stage1ofNREM
b.Stage2ofNREM
c.Stage3ofNREM
d.REMsleep

134. 1.ThepercentageofREMoutofthetotalsleepingtimein
adultsbetween20-65yearsis
a.80
b.50
c.25
d.15

135. 1.Positivesupporting(magnet)reactionisintegratedatthe
levelof
a.Midbrain
b.Spinalcord
c.Medulla
d.Motorcortex

136. 1.Allaretrueoftransectionatthesuperiorborderofthepons
except
a.Itcausesdecerebraterigidity
b.Toniclabyrinthineandtonicneckreflexesarepresent
c.Rightingreflexesarepresent
d.Nostageofspinalshock;rigidityappearsimmediately

137. 1.Mostrightingreflexesareintegratedinthe
a.Motorcortex
b.Spinalcord
c.Midbrain
d.Medulla

138. 1.Theopticalrightingreflexisintegratedin
a.Motorcortex
b.Spinalcard
c.Midbrain
d.Medulla

139. 1.Mostofthecorticospinalandcorticobulbartractsarisefrom
a.Primarymotorcortex
b.Premotorcortex
c.Supplementarymotorarea
d.Parietallobe

140. 1.Principlemotorareais
a.1
b.2
c.3
d.4

141. 1.Oneofthefollowingtractssconcernedwithdistallimb
musclesforskilledvoluntarymovement
a.Tectospinal
b.Reticulospinal
c.Vestibulospinal
d.Rubrospinal
e.Ventralcorticospinal

142. 1.Incerebellumallareinhibitorycellsexcept
a.Purkinjecell
b.Golgicells
c.Basketcells
d.Granulecells

143. 1.Climbingfibersoriginatefrom
a.Spinalcord
b.Cerebralcortex
c.Cerebellarcortex
d.Inferiorolive

144. 1.Floculonodularlobeofcerebellumisconcernedwith
a.Equilibrium
b.Hearing
c.Finemovement
d.Planningandprogramming

145. 1.Thestriatumincludes
a.Caudatenucleusandputamen
b.Putamenandglobuspallidus
c.Caudatenucleusandglobuspallidus
d.Subthalamicnucleusandputamen

146. 1.Afferentstobasalgangliaendmainlyin
a.Striatum
b.Subthalamicnucleus
c.Globuspallidus
d Substantianigra

147. 1.Efferentsfrombasalgangliaarisemainlyfrom
a.Striatum
b.Subthalamicnucleus
c.Globuspallidus
d.Substantianigra

148. 1.Theneurotransmitterinthetractfromthestriatumto
substantianigrais
a.Acetylcholine
b.Dopamine
c.GABA
d.Norepinephrine

150. 1.Allaretrueaboutendolymphexcept
a.Itspotassiumconcentrationisclosertothatof
intracellularfluid
b.Itiselectricallynegativeascomparedwithperilymph
c.Membranouslabyrinthcontainsendolymph
d.Steriocilliaofthehaircellsprojectintoendolymph

151. 1.Haircellsarethereceptorsofhearing.Allaretrueexcept
a.Theyarepresentonreissner’smembrane
b.3layerofexternaland1layerofinternalhaircellis
usuallypresent
c.Internalhaircellsaremainlyresponsibleforcarrying
informationtobrain
d.Theyhavekino-cillium

152. 1.Followingistrueaboutmango-cellularpathway
a.Itcandifferentiatecolors
b.Itisafastconductingpathway
c.Itdoesnotreachup-tothelevelofcortex
d.Meantforacuityofvision

153. 1.Ifopticradiationspresentinmeyer’sloop(temporallobe)
ofrightsidearecut,itwillproduce
a.Upperleftquadrantanopsia
b.Lowerleftquadrantanopsia
c.Upperrightquadrantanopsia
d.Upperrightquadrantanopsia

154. 1.Intheretina,sensorysignalusuallypassesinthe
followingorder
a.Fromphotoreceptortoamacrinecelltohorizontalcell
tobipolarcelltoganglioncell
b.Fromphotoreceptortobipolarcelltoamacrinecell
toganglioncell
c.Fromphotoreceptortobipolarcelltohorizontalcallto
ganglioncell
d.Fromphotoreceptortohorizontalcelltoamacrinecell
toganglioncell

155. 1.Vomero-nasalorganonthenasalseptumisparticularly
meantforsensing
a.Odorants
b.Pheromones
c.Taste
d.Pungentsmell

156. Nerve MCQs

157. 1.Thesiteofgenerationofactionpotentialinaspinalmotor
neuronis
a.Theinitialsegment
b.TheinitialnodeofRanvier
c.Dendritiicspines
d.Axontelondendria
e.Axonhillock

158. 1.Myelinisa
a.Protein-lipidcomplex
b.Protein-carbohydrate-lipidcomplex
c.Carbohydrate-proteincomplex
d.Carbohydrate-lipidcomplex

159. 1.Regardingmyelinformation,oneofthefollowingistrue
a.Inperipheralnerves,Schwanncellsformmyelin;
Schwanncellformsmyelinononeaxon
b.Inperipheralnerves,oligodendrogliocyteformsmyelin
andformsmyelinonmanyaxons
c.InCNS,oligodendrogliocytesformmyelinandforms
myelinononeaxon
d.InCNSSchwannCellformsmyelinandSchwanncell
formsmyelinononeaxon

160. 1.Outofthevariousphasesoftheactionpotential(recorded
withoneelectrodeinsidethecell),whichonehasthe
longestduration?
a.Firinglevel
b.Overshoot
c.Afterdepolarization
d. After hyper polarization

161. 1.Rheobaseis
a.Minimumtimerequiredtostimulateanexcitablecell
b.Minimumcurrentstrengthrequiredtostimulatean
excitablecell
c.Minimumcurrentstrengthrequiredtostimulatean
excitablecell,whenappliedforadefinitetimeperiodonly
d.Maximumstrengthofcurrentthatanexcitablecellcan
withstand,withoutpermanentdamage.

162. 1.Proprioceptiveimpulsesarecarriedbywhichtypeofnerve
fibre
a.A
b.A
c.A
d.C

163. 1.Whichwillobeyallornonelaw
a.Twitch
b.Actionpotential
c.EPSP
d.IPSP

164. 1.To stimulate the nerve fibre by an electrical stimulus, all of
the following are good stimuli except
a.A
b.B
c.C
d.D

165. Consider the following figure
Chronaxieis represented by
A
B
C
D

166. 1.Chronaxieisminimumin
a.Skeletalmuscle
b.Cardiacmuscle
c.Smoothmuscle
d.Equalinall

167. CVS MCQs

168. 1.Allaretrueofventriculardepolarizationexcept
a.Leftendocardialsurfaceofinterventricularseptumis
thestructurefirsttodepolarize
b.Rightendocardialsurfaceofinterventricularseptumis
thestructuresecondtodepolarize
c.Thetopoftheinterventricularseptum,posterobasal
portionsofleftventricle,andpulmonaryconusarethe
laststructurestodepolarize
d.Depolarisationalwaysproceedsfromthe
epicardiumtoendocardium

169. 1.Repolarisationintheventriclefirstoccursin
a.Apicalepicardialsurface
b.Basalepicardialsurface
c.Basalendocardialsurface
d.Apicalendocardialsurface

170. 1.Allaretrueofbipolarleadsexcept
a.Theyarealsocalledthestandardlimbleads
b.LeadsIIshowsmaximumdeflectionsincethe
directionofthemeanQRSvectorisperpendicular
toitsleadaxis
c.LeadIIIisbetweenleftarmandleftleg,withtheleft
legbeingpositiveandtheleftarmbeingnegative
d.PotentialsinleadI+LeadIII=LeadII(Einthoven’s
law)

171. 1.ECGispredominantlynegativein
a.aVL
b.aVF
c.aVR
d.VL

172. 1.Rwaveinahealthysubjectdenotesadipolewithan
electricalaxisof(indegrees)
a.0
b.+120
c.–120
d.+60

173. 1.Action potential of the ventricle is given in the following
figure. Point ‘A’ lies during
a.PR interval
b.QRS
c.ST segment
d.TP segment

174. 1.Thecorrectsequenceofthegivenelectromechanicalevents
astheyoccurduringthecardiaccycleis
a.Firstheartsound(HIS),QRScomplexoftheECG(QRS)
cwaveoftheJVP(c)
b.QRS,c,HIS
c.‘c’HSE,QRS
d.QRS,HIS,c

175. 1.Firstheartsoundoccursduring
a.Isovolumiccontraction
b.Isotoniccontraction
c.Isovolumicrelaxation
d.Isotonicrelaxation

176. 1.Action potential of the atrium corresponds to which part of
ECG
a.A
b.B
c.C
d.D

177. 1.Cardiacoutputcanbemeasuredby
a.Fickprinciple
b.Thermodilution/dyedilutionmethod
c.Dopplercombinedwithechocardiography
d.All

178. 1.Leftventricularwork/beatis
a.SVxMAPinaorta
b.COxMAPinaorta
c.EFxMAPinaorta
d.SVxsystolicpressureinaorta

179. 1.Ifflowis5400ml/minuteandpressureis90mmHg,theresistanceinRunits
willbe
a.1/60
b.60
c.1
d.6/100

180. 1.Theprobabilityofturbulenceismoreinallthefollowing
exceptwhen
a.Velocityismore
b.Viscosityismore
c.Diameterofthetubeismore
d. Density of fluid is more

181. 1.Iflengthishalfandtheradiusisdoubled,theflowincrease
by
a.32times
b.16times
c.1/16times
d.8times

182. 1.Withrespecttocardiovascularsystem,autoregulationmeans
maintenanceof
a.Perfusionpressure
b.Meanarterialpressure(MAP)
c.Peripheralresistance
d.Bloodflow

183. 1.Following relationship represents
a.Baro-receptors
b.Chemo-receptors
c.Autoregulationof tissue blood flow
d.Long term BP control mechanism

184. 1.Vasomotorcenter(VMC)islocatedin
a.Spinalcord(C2,3,4)
b.Spinalcord(T1toL2)
c.Medulla
d.Cerebralcortex

185. 1.AllthefollowingexcitetheVMCexcept
a.Increaseinbaroreceptordischarge
b.Increaseinchemoreceptordischarge
c.Increaseincarbondioxide(directeffect)
d.Decreaseinoxygen(directeffect)

186. 1.Increaseinheartratewillbeseenin
a.Cushing’sreflexortheCNSischaemicresponse
b.Besold-Jarischreflex
c.Bainbridgereflex
d.Norepinephrineinfusion

187. 1.MayerandTraube–Heringwavesare
a.BPwaves
b.Respiratorypressurecurves
c.Ventricularpressurecurves
d.Respiratoryvolumescurves

188. 1.ReceptorforBainbridgereflexliesin
a.Rightatrium
b.Leftatrium
c.Rightventricle
d.Leftventricle

189. 1.ReceptorforBezoldZerischreflexliesin
a.Rightatrium
b.Leftatrium
c.Rightventricle
d.Leftventricle

190. 1.AllareBPregulatingmechanismsexcept
a.Chemoreflex
b.CNSischemicresponse
c.Pressurenatriuresis
d. Frank starling law

191. 1.AllarelongtermBPregulatingmechanismsexcept
a.Saltintake
b.Pressurenatriuresis
c.Aldosterone
d.Baroreflex

192. 1.Allwillincreaseheartrateexcept
a.Rightatrialstretch
b.StretchingofSAnode
c.IncreasedtemperatureofSAnode
d. Carotid sinus stretch

193. 1.Whilestandingfromrecliningposition,allwilldecrease
except
a.Venousreturn
b.Centralvenouspressure
c.BP
d.TPR

194. Reproduction MCQs

195. 1.Synthesis of testosterone is controlled by
a.FSH
b.LH
c.TSH
d.LHRH

197. 1.In the testis the cell that secrete testosterone is
a.Sertolicell
b.Leydigcell
c.Germinal epithelium
d.Spermatocytes

199. 1.Capacitationof spermatozoa occurs in
a.Epidedymis
b.Vas deferens
c.Seminiferoustubules
d.Female genital tract

201. 1.Which of the following statements about androgen is false
a.They are formed by seminiferoustubules of the testis
b.They are formed in greater quantity in fetal life than in
childhood
c.They are secreted in small amount in adult females
d.Their concentration decreases after 30 yrs in men

203. 1.Inhibinin male is secreted from
a.Sertolicells
b.Leydigcells
c.Anterior pituitary
d.Hypothalamus

205. 1.Sertolicells secrete all except
a.Androgen binding prorein
b.Inhibin
c.Mullerianinhibiting substance
d.Testosterone

206. 1.Onset of puberty in males is caused by
a.Sudden ripening of testis with secretion of large quantity
of testosterone
b.Spontaneous secretion of FSH and LH at the age of 12 yrs
c.Aging process of pituitary
d.Sudden sharp decrease in hypothalamic sensitivity to
testosterone

207. 1.Erection is mediated by release of which neurotransmitter
a.Acetylcholine
b.Epinephrine
c.Norepinephrine
d.Nitric oxide

209. 1.Uterine contractility is increased by
a.Estrogen
b.Progesterone
c.FSH
d.LH

210. 1.Hormone responsible for increased body temperature after
ovulation
a.LH
b.Estrogen
c.Progesterone
d.Testosterone

212. 1.All true about lutealphase except
a.Increased temperature
b.Breast tenderness
c.Cervical mucous can not be stretched into a thread
d.Fern pattern of cervical mucous

213. 1.Ovulation is caused by
a.Surge of LH just prior to mid cycle
b.Failure of corpus luteumto involute
c.Reduction of estrogen and progesterone
d.Excessive secretion of estrogen and progesterone

214. 1.Lutealphase of menstruation is characterized by
a.A variable length
b.Secretion of estrogen
c.Low body temperature
d.Secretion of progesterone

215. 1.Menopausal hot flushes are due to
a.FSH surge
b.LH surge
c.Decreased estrogen
d.Decreased progesterone

216. 1.Menopause is caused due to
a.Endometriumbecoming insensitive to estrogen and
progesterone
b.Ovary not producing estrogen and progesterone
c.Pituitary
d.Hypothalamus

217. 1.Level of which hormone is increased after menopause
a.Estrogen
b.Progesterone
c.FSH
d.Cortisone

218. 1.Hormones secreted by plecenta
a.Human chorionic gonadotropin
b.Estrogen
c.Progesterone
d.Human chorionic somatomammatropin
e.All

219. 1.Maximum production of HCG occurs during
a.First trimester
b.Second trimester
c.Third trimester
d.Implantation

220. 1.Milk let down is produced by
a.Estrogen
b.Progesterone
c.Prolactin
d.Oxitocin

221. Clotting MCQs

222. 1.thefirstimportanteventinhaemostasisaftertissueinjury
a.Vascularspasm
b.Formationofplateletplug
c.Formationofprothrombinactivator
d.Formationofthromboplastin

225. 1.Invitrocoagulationisinitiatedbyfactor
a.XII
b.XI
c.X
d.VII

226. 1.Conversionoffibrinogenintofibriniscausedby
a.Thrombin
b.Calciumion
c.FactorXII
d.Thromboplastin

227. 1.Factorscommontobothintrinsicandextrinsicclotting
pathwayinclude
a.X
b.V
c.IV
d.XIII
e.All

228. 1.Factorsusedinextrinsicpathwayofbloodclottingareall
except
a.V
b.VIII
c.Tissuefactor
d.X

229. 1.Lifespanofplateletis
a.4days
b.9-12days
c.20-31days
d.90days

230. 1.Thrombostheninis
a.Coagulationfactor
b.Contractileprotein
c.Aproteinregulatingplateletfunction
d.Aproteinmeantforfibrinstabilization

231. 1.Appropriatetreatmentforincreasedtendencyofclotincludes
a.Intravenousheparin
b.VitaminK
c.IVsodiumcitrate
d.Oxalate

232. 1.Anticoagulantthatpreventcoagulationwhenplacedin
bloodsampleoutsidethebodyincludeallexcept
a.Citrate
b.Oxalate
c.Heparin
d.Coumarins

233. 1.Whatfacilitatesconversionofprofibrinolysinto
fibrinolysin
a.tPA
b.Streptokinase
c.Urokinase
d.All

234. 1.Anticoagulantactionofcitrateisduetoitsabilityto
a.BindfactorXII
b.BindvitK
c.Chelatecalcium
d.Inhibitprothrombin

235. 1.Inhaemophilia
a.FactorVIIIisdecreased
b.FactorVIIisdecreased
c.Bleedingtimeisincreased
d.Prothrombintimeisincreased

236. General Physiology MCQs

237. 1.Calculate the interstitial fluid volume in a 60 kg man
a.3 L
b.9 L
c.12 L
d.24 L

238. 1.If plasma volume = 4L, and haematocrit= 60%, what is the
blood volume
a.10 L
b.6.67 L
c.6 L
d.8 L

239. 1.333 gm of CaCl
2
will have how many osmolesand
equivalents
(Atomic weight of Ca=40, Cl=35.5)
a.Osm=9 ; Eq=12
b.Osm= 12 ; Eq= 9
c.Osm= 12 ; Eq= 9
d.Osm= 9 ; Eq= 9

240. 1.1 mol of glucose has how many equivalents/ osmoles
respectively
a.1,0
b.0,1
c.1,1
d.1,2

241. 1.Osmolalityis
a.No.ofosmoles/ litreof solutions
b.No. of Osmoles/ kg of solvent
c.No. of moles/ litreof solution
d.No. of moles / kg of solvent

242. 1.A cell is place into a solution, swells and bursts.Normal
cellular osmolarityis approximately 280 m OSM. Into
which solution could the cell have been placed?
a.A 140 mm NaClsolution
b.A 280 mm NaClsolution
c.A 280 mm glucose solution
d.A 580-mm glucose solution
e.None of the above

243. 1.A cell is placed into a solution of NaCl(154 m Mol, which
is isotonic) and 0.5 mMolof glycerol. What would
happen?
a.The cell would shrink
b.There will be no change whatsoever
c.The cell would swell and burst
d.First, it will transiently shrink, there return to
original size

244. 1.Calculate the Osmotic pressure of a 0.01 M of CaCl
2
with
an osmotic coefficient of 0.8 (1osm 22.4 atmosphere
a.0.1792 atm.
b.0.5376 atm
c.0.3584 atm
d.0.7368 atm

245. 1.Uncorrected total osmolarityof plasma is
a.154 mosm/l
b.285 mosm/l
c.308 mosm/l
d.348 mosm/l

246. 1.The resting membrane potential of a cell is because of
a.K
+
efflux
b.Cl
-
influx
c.Na
+
efflux
d.Ca
+
= influx

247. 1.The equilibrium potential for Na
+
is about
a.–70 mv
b.+ 60 mv
c.–60 mv
d. –100 mv

248. 1.Duration of action potential in a nerve fiber
a.3-4 ms
b.30-40 ms
c.300-400 ms
d.3000-4000 ms

249. 1.Action potential duration is maximum in
a.Nerve fiber
b.Skeletal muscle
c.Atrialmuscle
d.Ventricular muscle