phytography

LEAF MAJOR TERMS

1. WELCOME

2. PRESENTATION OF THE LEAF COMPOSED BY PREM KUMAR KHALID IQBAL TEERATH DASS RAJESH KUMAR SALEEM RAZA

3. WHAT IS LEAF? (PHYLLOPODIUM)  The main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher  plants.   Leaves are collectively referred to as foliage, as in "autumn foliage"

4. STRUCTURE OF LEAF There are three main parts of leaf; Leaf Base( Hypopodium ) Petiole ( Mesopodium ) Lamina or Leaf blade ( Epipodium )

5. TYPES OF LEAVES FOLIAGE LEAVES They are ordinary green leaves which perform the function of photosysthesis and respiration COTYLEDONARY LEAVES They are present in seeds serve the purpose of storage of food and act as first photosynthetic leaves of plant

6. TYPES OF LEAVES Ramal LEAVES Those leaves which are use to develop directly on branches e.g Hibiscus

7. TYPES OF LEAVES Cauline LEAVES Those leaves which are use to develop directly on main stem e.g Coccus

8. TYPES OF LEAVES REDICAL LEAVES Those leaves which are use to develop on roots undergroundly e.g Ellium

9. TYPES OF LEAVES sCALe LEAVES These are small underground leaves usually sessile and rarely green

10. TYPES OF LEAVES bracts leaves The leaves of flowering shoots are known as bracts some flowers bear small bracts on their stalks are known as Bracteole

11. TYPES OF LEAVES Floral leaves These are specialized leaves arranged on shoot axis,the thalamus in circle or whorls they are termed as sepal and petals.

12. TYPES OF LEAVES PERSISTENT leaves Leaves of such plants are found in all season and do not (fall) shed combindly . eg . Pinus ,

13. STIPULE The small green lateral appendages present on either side of leaf base

14. Leaves having stipules Stipulate leaves

15. exStipulate leaves Leaves having no stipules

16. CODUCOUS TYPES OF STIPULES Those types of stipules which are used to fall of as soon as the leaf start to unfold or open eg Opuntia

17. Decidous stipule TYPES OF STIPULES Those types of stipules which are used to fall of after the leaf unfold completely eg Mulbery

18. persistent stipule TYPES OF STIPULES Those types of stipules which are use to remains as long as leaf remain,do not fall off before the leaves fall eg Rose

19. Adenate stipule TYPES OF STIPULES Type of stipule which remains attached to petiole eg Rose

20. SpinouS stipule TYPES OF STIPULES Type of stipule which modify into sharp spinous stipule eg Zizipus

21. Tendrilar stipule TYPES OF STIPULES Type of stipule which develops spirally coiled structure eg Zizipus

22. Foliar stipule TYPES OF STIPULES Type of stipule which modifies into leaves like structure eg pea

23. Scaly stipule TYPES OF STIPULES Type of stipule which are small membranous eg Peepal

24. Ochreate stipule TYPES OF STIPULES Type of stipule which form a hallow tube encircling the stem from the node upto a certain height of internodes eg Polygonium

25. Ligule stipule TYPES OF STIPULES These are membranous or hairy structures occuring at the junction of the leaf blade

26. Simple leaf MAIN TYPES OF LEAVES The leaf lamina is either lobbed or unlobed a simple leaf is one in which the lamina is all in one piece

27. simple leaf types MAIN TYPES OF LEAVES simple leaf with lobed leaf lamina in which lobes are arranged in pinnate manner 1.lobed

28. simple leaf types MAIN TYPES OF LEAVES simple leaf with unlobed leaf lamina simple leaf types 2,unlobed

29. simple leaf types MAIN TYPES OF LEAVES simple leaf with lobed leaf lamina in which lobes are arranged in palmate manner 3,palmate lobed

30. compound leaf MAIN TYPES OF LEAVES In this type of leaf the leaf lamina is dissected into small pieces upto midrib

31. PINNATELLY compound leaf MAIN TYPES OF LEAVES In this compound leaves all the leaflets are arranged on compound on a common axis called RACHIS

32. PALMATELY compound leaf MAIN TYPES OF LEAVES In this compound leaves all the leaflets are attached to the tip of petiole is called palmate compound leaf

33. truncATE LEAF BASES leaf having square or abruptly base cordate leaf having heart-shaped base

34. CUNEATE LEAF BASES leaf having wedge-shaped base obtuse leaf having rounded base

35. oblique LEAF BASES leaf having asymmetrical or unequal sided auriculate leaf lamina extends on lower side forming two lobes at base

36. sagitate LEAF BASES leaf having extended leaf lamina lobes are triangular in shape hastate leaf having pointed and highly elongated leaf base

37. LINEAR LEAF BLADE or LEAF SHAPE Type of leaves which are long and narrow with more or less parallel margins and sides Eg Grass

38. OVATE LEAF BLADE or LEAF SHAPE Type of leaves which are an egg liked structures having broader end 0f the leaf nearest the petiole e.g China Rose

39. round LEAF BLADE or LEAF SHAPE These are broadly rounded at the apex and base e.g lotus

40. cordate LEAF BLADE or LEAF SHAPE These are heart shaped leaves in this stem remains attached at the wide end of leaf e.g Betal nuts

41. abcordate LEAF BLADE or LEAF SHAPE These are heart shaped leaves in this stem is attached at the narrow end of leaf

42. elliptical LEAF BLADE or LEAF SHAPE These are about twice as long as broad the broadest part is in the middle and the two end narrow equally e.g Guava

43. lanceolate LEAF BLADE or LEAF SHAPE These are longer than wide and widdest below the middle gradually tapering towards the apex e.g Bamboo

44. Oblong LEAF BLADE or LEAF SHAPE These are almost resemble a rectangular except that their corners are rounded these are at least twice as long as they are wide e.g Banana

45. Needle_like LEAF BLADE or LEAF SHAPE These are just needle like leaves

46. Cuneate LEAF BLADE or LEAF SHAPE These are wedge-shaped leaf having the acute angle at the base

47. lyrate LEAF BLADE or LEAF SHAPE Leaves having large upper lamina with some smaller lobes

48. reniform LEAF BLADE or LEAF SHAPE these are circular or roughly circular shaped with a notch these are kidney shaped leaves

49. orbicular LEAF BLADE or LEAF SHAPE These are circular or rounded in shape the overall shape of the leaf is rounded

50. hastATE LEAF BLADE or LEAF SHAPE These are speared head with flaring pointed lobes at the base

51. sagitate LEAF BLADE or LEAF SHAPE These are arrowshaped leaves having narrow pointed leaf base

52. Falcate LEAF BLADE or LEAF SHAPE These are curved like a sickle shaped eg Euclaptus

53. subulate LEAF BLADE or LEAF SHAPE These are somewhat slender and tapering to a point

54. dentate LEAF BLADE or LEAF SHAPE A leaf having a toothed margin

55. ENTIRE LEAF MARGINS A leaf having smooth continuous margins eg dentate A leaf having large teethed like margins

56. serrate LEAF MARGINS A leaf having margins with cuts directed upward incised A leaf having margins with irregular cuts deep and sharp

57. crenate LEAF MARGINS A leaf having broad and round margins with blunt projection serrulate A leaf having a minute serrate margins with very minute saw like teeth as in a leaf let of rose

58. undulate LEAF MARGINS A leaf having wavy curling from the front to the back of the leaf sinnuate Deeply wavy margin towards the middle of the leaf

59. ACUTE LEAF APEX A leaf having a sharp apex ending in a point obtuse leaf having blunt and rounded apex

60. acuminate LEAF APEX A leaf having a long and pointed apex cuspinate leaf apex ending in a sharp spiny point

61. Emarginate LEAF APEX A leaf having notched like apex mucronate leaf apex abruptly terminated by a shape spiny point

62. Retuse LEAF APEX A leaf having rounded or obtuse with a centrally shallow truncate leaf appearing to terminate abruptly as if by cutting off

63. caudate LEAF APEX An attenuate apex with a slendor tail like appendages at the tip cleft Apex divided into rounded or straight marginal lobes cutoff

64. BATCH 2K17 INSTITUTE OF PLANT SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF SINDH THANK YOU……