PINEAPPLE CULTIVATION Propagation -harvest

JENISHKUMAR
IOH PEACHIPARAI
KANYAKUMARI
TAMILNADU
2023 - 2025

1. JENISH KUMAR 2023 -2025 HOR H103 FRUIT CROP PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY (1+2) TNAU INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURE HORTICULTURE RESERCH STATION PEACHIPARAI 1 JENISH KUMAR . 2023-2025

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3. Potanical name : Ananas comosus Family : Bromeliaceae Origin : Brazil PINEAPPLE 3 JENISH KUMAR . 2023-2025

4. The pineapple is a tropical and subtropical fruit. Pineapple ( Ananas comosus ) is one of the commercially important fruit crops of India. Total annual world production is estimated at 14.6 MT of fruits. India is the fifth largest producer of pineapple with an annual output of about 1.2 MT. Other leading producers are Thailand, Philippines, Brazil, China, Nigeria, Mexico, Indonesia, Colombia and USA INTRODUCTION 4 JENISH KUMAR . 2023-2025

5. The major pineapple producing states in India are Assam, West Bengal, Karnataka, Meghalaya, Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Kerala and Bihar. India produces more than 8% of total world production of pineapple. Indian Scenario 5 JENISH KUMAR . 2023-2025

6. Economic Importance The fruit is a good source of vitamin A,B,C and also calcium , magnesium , potassium and iron It is also good source of bromelin ,a digestive enzyme It is consumed fresh or in the form of juice , jam , syrup Among all form canned slice and juice are in much demand in india , constituting about 70% of the production 6 JENISH KUMAR . 2023-2025

7. Soil : Slightly acidic soil with pH range of 5.5 to 6.0 is considered optimum for pineapple cultivation. Climate : The optimum temperature required for successful cultivation is 220-32° C. Varieties: The most popular commercial pineapple variety in India is Giant Kew. Other important verities are Queen, Kew, Mauritius, Charlotte, Jaldhup , Desi, etc. 7 JENISH KUMAR . 2023-2025

8. Planting material Pineapple can be propagated by sucker , slip and crown 8 JENISH KUMAR . 2023-2025

9. Production Technology 9 JENISH KUMAR . 2023-2025

10. Plant density Planting density of 63,400plant/ha for subtropical and mild humid condition In rainfed high fertile and hilly areas in north eastern states , a some what lower density of 31,000plants/ha is recommended Treatment of planting material 2.% Dithane M-45 before planting to protect the plants against bud rot Production technology 10 JENISH KUMAR . 2023-2025

11. 20-40 5-10 20-40 30-50 Planting The best time of planting pineapple is early rains or early winter Suckers should be planted at 10 – 15 cm depth About 500g FYM or cow dung is to be added to the soil of each hole Planting method four different planting system viz , flat bed , furrow , contour and trench are followed 11 JENISH KUMAR . 2023-2025

12. . 20-40 5-10 20-40 30-50 Planting The best time of planting pineapple is early rains or early winter Suckers should be planted at 10 – 15 cm depth About 500g FYM or cow dung is to be added to the soil of each hole Planting method four different planting system viz , flat bed , furrow , contour and trench are followed Double row system 12 JENISH KUMAR . 2023-2025

13. IRRIGATION About 8 to 12 light irrigations during winter and summer months are beneficial. MANURES AND FERTILIZES Pineapple requires abundant supply of Nitrogen and Potash. Manuring should be done in 2-3 equal doses every year, once at the onset of monsoon and again at the end of the rainy season. The fertilizers doses recommended for obtaining higher yield are 10g N, 5gP2O5 and 10g K20 per plant year in addition to 500g FYM. 13 JENISH KUMAR . 2023-2025

14. Weeding should be done at least 3-4 times a year. Chemical weedicides like bromacil @3kg and Diuron @ 2kg/ha are used. Before the new weeds emerge, a second spraying @ 1.5kg/ha after 15 days is necessary. INTERCULTURE 14 JENISH KUMAR . 2023-2025

15. Plant protection No serious pest or disease of pineapple is prevalent in India. However, Mealy bug and Heart rot are important pest and disease respectively. 15 JENISH KUMAR . 2023-2025

16. Plant protection No serious pest or disease of pineapple is prevalent in India. However, Mealy bug and Heart rot are important pest and disease respectively. Heat rot 16 JENISH KUMAR . 2023-2025

17. Plant protection No serious pest or disease of pineapple is prevalent in India. However, Mealy bug and Heart rot are important pest and disease respectively. Mely bug 17 JENISH KUMAR . 2023-2025

18. H arvest 18 JENISH KUMAR . 2023-2025

19. Fruits are mainly harvested during July-August. Spray of parachloro phenoxyacetic acid 10 days before harvest reduces physiological breakdown during transport and storage. Harvesting for local markets should be done at full maturity stage and for distance markets at 75-80% maturity stage. Pineapple fruits should be allowed to grow on the plant as late as possible for development of good flavour and colour on ripening. 19 JENISH KUMAR . 2023-2025

20. P ost harvest management 20 JENISH KUMAR . 2023-2025

21. • Preharvest application of ethephon (500 - 2000 ppm) at the starting is stated to improve the fruit quality. • Cooling temperature is 7-100C for ripe and half-ripe ones. •The relative humidity will be 85-95 per cent. •Storage period of pineapple is 2-4 weeks depending on the cultivar and ripening stage 21 JENISH KUMAR . 2023-2025

22. PROCESSING •Traditionally pineapple is consumed fresh or canned. •Pineapple is now consumed in the form of concentrated juice, dehydrated and/or sugared, canned in slices. • Among the newer developments are dried chips, cocktail-type drinks and wine. 22 JENISH KUMAR . 2023-2025

23. PROCESSING •Traditionally pineapple is consumed fresh or canned. •Pineapple is now consumed in the form of concentrated juice, dehydrated and/or sugared, canned in slices. • Among the newer developments are dried chips, cocktail-type drinks and wine. 23 JENISH KUMAR . 2023-2025

24. DIFFERENT PRODUCTS OF PINEAPPLE PROCESSING ARE Canned pineapple Dried pineapple Nectar Juice Concentrated Frozen Juice Jelly Marmalades Vinegar Sauce, jam, candy and toffee 24 JENISH KUMAR . 2023-2025

25. Thank you 25 JENISH KUMAR . 2023-2025