PLANNING TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES Planning tools and techniques are methods and instruments used to assist in the planning process, ensuring that goals and objectives are met efficiently and effectively. These tools and techniques help in organizing, prioritizing, and managing resources, tasks, and timelines. DEFINITION
TECHNIQUES FOR ASSESSING THE ENVIRONMENT
Environmental Scanning Forecasting Benchmarking TECHNIQUES FOR ASSESSING THE ENVIRONMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL SCANNING 1 Careful monitoring of an organization’s internal and external environment for detecting opportunities & threats that influence its current and future plans. Competitor intelligence Global Scanning
FORECASTING 2 Planning tool that involves creating predictions of outcomes based on information gathered by environmental scanning. Quantitative Forecasting Qualitative Forecasting
Benchmarking 3 Measurement of the quality of a firm's policies, products, programs, strategies, etc., and their comparison with standard measurements, or similar measurements of the best-in-class firms.
TECHNIQUES FOR ALLOCATING RESOURCES
TECHNIQUES FOR ALLOCATING RESOURCES BUDGETING BREAK EVEN ANALYSIS SCHEDULING LINEAR PROGRAMING 1 4 2 3
ALLOCATING RESOURCES BUDGETS Numerical plans for allocating resources (e.g., revenues, expenses, and capital expenditures).
ALLOCATING RESOURCES SCHEDULES Plans that allocate resources by detailing; What activities have to be done. The order in which they are to be completed. Who is to do each. When they are to be completed.
ALLOCATING RESOURCES BREAK EVEN The break even is the point at which the cost or expenses is equal to revenues .
ALLOCATING RESOURCES LINEAR PROGRAMMING A mathematical method for determining a way to achieve a best outcome using proportional relationships between two variables.
CONTEMPORARY PLANNING TECHNIQUES PROJECT MANAGEMENT Project management is the discipline of planning , organizing , securing and managing resources to bring about successful completion of project.
CONTEMPORARY PLANNING TECHNIQUES SCENARIO A consistent view of what the future is likely to be. SCENARIO PLANNING An attempt not try to predict the future but to reduce uncertainty by playing out potential situations under different specified conditions. CONTINGENCY PLANNING Developing scenarios that allow managers determine in advance what their actions should be should a considered event actually occur.
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