Planning, Types of Planning, and Planning Process.ppt

Planning, its types, and Planning process

1. PlanningPlanning
(Types of planning, Planning (Types of planning, Planning
process, Principles of planning, process, Principles of planning,
Planning machinery in Pakistan)Planning machinery in Pakistan)
Lecture # 09Lecture # 09

2. Definition and MeaningDefinition and Meaning
Fritz Morstein Marx says, “Planning is preparation Fritz Morstein Marx says, “Planning is preparation
for action. It is the vital first step in any major for action. It is the vital first step in any major
administrative action. Planning is means to an end. administrative action. Planning is means to an end.
It is the process of formulating objectives to be It is the process of formulating objectives to be
realized by administrative enterprise”.realized by administrative enterprise”.
John D. Millet says, “Planning is process of John D. Millet says, “Planning is process of
determining the objectives of administrative effort determining the objectives of administrative effort
and devising the means calculated to achieve and devising the means calculated to achieve
them”. He also says, “Planning is the simply them”. He also says, “Planning is the simply
endeavor to apply foresight to human activity, endeavor to apply foresight to human activity,
planning anticipate desired results and prepared planning anticipate desired results and prepared
the steps necessary for their realization”.the steps necessary for their realization”.
Those who fail to plan, actually plan to fail.Those who fail to plan, actually plan to fail.

3. Types of PlanningTypes of Planning
Development PlanningDevelopment Planning
Economic PlanningEconomic Planning
Administrative PlanningAdministrative Planning

4. Planning ProcessPlanning Process
There is no one best defined process of planning. There is no one best defined process of planning.
Steps involved vary from person to person and Steps involved vary from person to person and
situation to situation. Steps involved in planning situation to situation. Steps involved in planning
are not rigid. Here, Seckler Hudson steps in are not rigid. Here, Seckler Hudson steps in
planning are given:planning are given:
Problem definitionProblem definition
Exploration of informationExploration of information
Defining possible alternativesDefining possible alternatives
Experimenting one or more tentative solutionsExperimenting one or more tentative solutions
EvaluationEvaluation
Reconsideration, readjustment or re-decisionReconsideration, readjustment or re-decision

5. Principles of PlanningPrinciples of Planning
Unity of planUnity of plan
Continuity of planContinuity of plan
Timing of the planTiming of the plan
Suppleness of planSuppleness of plan
Precision in planningPrecision in planning

6. Planning MachineryPlanning Machinery
Most countries of the world have established a planning Most countries of the world have established a planning
agency of one kind or another for the planning of economy agency of one kind or another for the planning of economy
and administration.and administration.
The structure, composition and the internal organization may The structure, composition and the internal organization may
vary from country to country but the functions they perform vary from country to country but the functions they perform
are almost similar. It is not the responsibility of a single are almost similar. It is not the responsibility of a single
agency and it requires the consent and advice of the whole agency and it requires the consent and advice of the whole
representative institutions.representative institutions.
Planning agency is involved throughout in the planning Planning agency is involved throughout in the planning
process form formulation to implementation and then post process form formulation to implementation and then post
implementation.implementation.
Head of planning agency vary in different government Head of planning agency vary in different government
systems.systems.
Staff of planning is selected from variety of specialists and Staff of planning is selected from variety of specialists and
generalists.generalists.

7. Planning in PakistanPlanning in Pakistan
Planning machineryPlanning machinery
Planning CommissionPlanning Commission
Planning and development department / BoardPlanning and development department / Board
District Government / Zila CouncilsDistrict Government / Zila Councils
Sanctioning MachinerySanctioning Machinery
Federal LevelFederal Level
NECNEC
ECNECECNEC
CDWPCDWP
Provincial LevelProvincial Level
PDWPPDWP
Departmental Sub-committeeDepartmental Sub-committee
District LevelDistrict Level
Zila CouncilZila Council

8. Development PlanningDevelopment Planning
The Colombo PlanThe Colombo Plan
First Five-Year PlanFirst Five-Year Plan
Second Five-Year PlanSecond Five-Year Plan
Third Five-Year PlanThird Five-Year Plan
Fourth Five-Year PlanFourth Five-Year Plan
Fifth Five-Year PlanFifth Five-Year Plan
Sixth Five-Year PlanSixth Five-Year Plan
Seventh Five-Year PlanSeventh Five-Year Plan
Eight Five-Year PlanEight Five-Year Plan