Plaster Of Paris | Properties |Types |Uses

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􀃟􀃪􀅜􀅜􀃪􀅎􀋘􀃃􀃟􀅔􀄬􀅎􀅋􀅜􀄉􀄬􀄦􀊧

1. PLASTER OF PARIS

2. INTRODUCTION
Plaster of paris, quick-setting gypsum plaster consisting of a
fine white powder, which hardens when moistened and allowed
to dry. Known since ancient times, plaster of paris is so called
because of its preparation from the abundant gypsum found
near Paris.
Chemically, it is calcium sulphate hemihydrates that are
obtained from heating gypsum. It is an extensively dry and
porous substance. Whenever exposed to water, it will absorb it.
It is made waterproof by mixing other materials to be used in
interiors and exterior. Often to make it waterproof, a coating of
heavy-duty primer is applied and then painted with heavy-duty
extension paint or any other paint. For those who do not wish
to paint, applying a coat of linseed oil is effective. Lightly
sanding the plaster surface before applying linseed oil allows
better absorption.

3. PROPERTIES OF POP
- It is a white colour powder.
- It is highly fire-resistant.
- It is easy to spread and level.
- When water is mixed with it, the gypsum crystals are produced which leads it to set into a
hard mass.
- It has an exothermic setting process and maybe catalyzed by sodium chloride. It can be
retarded by alum or borax.
- At 473K, Plaster of Paris forms anhydrous calcium sulphate known as dead burnt Plaster of
Paris.
> Other Characteristics of Gypsum Plaster - It can be effectively worked with metal
apparatuses or even abrasive sheets and can be shaped as per the requirements. The
strength of plaster of Paris is not as strong as other compounds and it often requires
external support when a large amount is used.

4. TYPES OF POP
> Gypsum Plaster
Gypsum plaster mainly comprises white powder of calcium
sulphate hemihydrate. This is produced by heating gypsum to a
temperature of 300 degrees Fahrenheit. Also, if heated above 392
degrees Fahrenheit, it turns into anhydrite. When you mix water
with the gypsum plaster powder or anhydrite, it turns into
gypsum.
Some of the uses of gypsum plaster are:
~ Used for setting fractured bones in hospitals.
~ Used in dentistry to make casts.
~ Making toys, decorative materials, cheap ornaments, cosmetics,
black-board, chalk and casts for statues.
~ Used for protection as fire-proofing material.

5. > Clay Plaster
Clay plaster was used extensively during ancient times and in
early Nineteenth-Century utopian villages. This is a mixture of
clay, sand and water with the addition of plant fibres for tensile
strength over wood lath. Clay plaster was used in making the
interiors of the houses.
> Lime Plaster
The mixture of sand, calcium hydroxide, and other inert fillers
are Lime Plaster. Limestone is heated to make quick lime and
then slaked lime is produced by adding water to it. It is often
called white powder or wet putty.Some more water can be
added to form a paste that is stored in airtight containers.On
exposure to air, calcium hydroxide turns back into calcium
carbonate as it reacts with atmospheric carbon dioxide. This
form of plaster is used in building materials. It is also used for
frescoes or mural paintings.

6. > Cement Plaster
The mixture of suitable plaster, Portland cement,
sand, and water is called cement plaster. Cement
plaster is mainly applied in masonry to obtain a
smooth surface while constructing a building.
Often an added layer of gypsum plaster is added
over the cement plaster. Cement plaster is known
for its strength, hardness, quick setting time and
durability.
> Heat Resistant Plaster
It is a type of plaster that is used extensively for
coating walls and chimney breasts. It is also used
as a fire barrier in ceilings. Today these plasters
are used as a replacement for conventional
gypsum plasters to withstand very high
temperatures.

7. USES OF POP
~ Building material - Plaster of Paris is used as a
building material by constructors and architects. It
is often used as a protective coating on the walls
and ceiling before painting is done. Alongside this,
it offers a smooth surface and aids in fire-proofing
as well.
~ Moulding and casting agent - It is an excellent
moulding and casting agent for various
purposes.Several statues, showpieces, and other
decoration elements are made by using it.
~ Medical applications and purposes - In hospitals
and medical departments, it is often used in
fracture cases. Orthopedics uses it to put casts
around bone fractures.

8. ~ Decoration element - Plaster of Paris is used to make
decorative pieces and materials. It is used in making
statutes, showpieces, and more. Also, it can be used on
walls creatively to make new designs and patterns as a
decorative element. It can also be used for making false
ceilings, beautification, and painting the walls. Plaster (also
called stucco in this situation) is a far simpler material for
making reliefs than stone or wood and was generally
utilized for the building walls reliefs in Egypt and the Near
East.
~ For fireproofing - Plaster of Paris being fire-resistant is
used in buildings, fireproofing products, and fire protection
systems.
It prevents the spread of fire as the plaster coating
discharges water vapour in case of fire. Alongside this, it
protects by slowing down the heat transfer into steel or
concrete elements preventing the breakdown.

9. ADVANTAGES OF PLASTER OF PARIS
~ It is light in weight and more durable.
~ It has low thermal conductivity.
~ It is very good fire resistant and hence a very good heat insulating material.
~ It does not shrink while setting. Therefore, it does not develop cracks on heating or setting
like conventional cement plaster.
~ It forms a thick surface to resist normal knocks after drying.
~ It mixes up easily with water and is easy to spread and level.
~ It has good adhesion on fibrous materials.
~ It gives a firm surface on which the colours can settle.
~ Plaster of Paris gives a decorative interior finish. Its gypsum content provides it a lot of shine
and smoothness.
~ It can easily be moulded into any shape.

10. DISADVANTAGES OF PLASTER OF PARIS
~ Gypsum plaster is not suitable for exterior finish as it is slightly soluble in water.
~ It is more expensive than cement or cement lime plaster.
~ It cannot be used in moist situations. So, if you are living in a humid climate, we
cannot use pop.
~ Plaster of Paris cannot be mixed with cement.
~ Plaster of Paris is ver expensive as compared to gypsum, cement or cement lime
plaster.
~ They are not so solid, so if anything heavy is hanged with the ceiling, it can
damage the ceiling as well as the object.
~ Skilled labour is required for precise application and thus labour cost for applying
plaster of paris is high.

11. THANK YOU