PLATELET-DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR GROUP WORK.pptx

Reeptors

1. PLATELET-DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR GROUP MEMBERS ID NUMBER MERBLE NDAGIRE 670476 SHAMSA AHMED 670889 MAYIBONGWE MOYO 670443 ASIYA ABDIKADIR 669555 MURERA NADINE 670458 LYNNE NZIOKA 670259 PENINAH KUBAI 670927 SAHRA AHMED 670976 EMILY MAKOKHA 670022

2. INTRODUCTION PDGFR is a type of Tyrosine kinase receptor with an extracellular receptor and tyrosine domains intracellular that are capable of autophosphorylation by hydrolysis of ATP The signal for the PDGFR is derived from platelets during tissue damage and bleeding. Its pathway consists of 4 ligands ie A,B,C and D that are inactive monomeric forms but only A and B can functional heterodimers each with different signals and produce responses. TEL/ETV-6 is a proto-oncogene that regulate growth and differentiation of cells. PDGFR-alpha and PDGFR-beta form the different dimeric receptors .

3. PDGF SIGNALING PATHWAY

4. THE SIGNALING PATHWAY AND ITS RESPONSES A stimulus is detected by the platelets during tissue damage eg a wound which releases PDGF. The inactive monomeric PDGF receptors are activated when a ligand binds to the receptor, the receptors then come together to form a dimer. The tyrosine kinase domains auto phosphorylate activating the dimer that lead to a cascade of events inside the cell that give off responses in the cell. This pathways plays a role in specifying mesenchymal stem cells, regulate postinfarction repair, promote collagen deposition in the infarct, recruitment of mural cells by neo vessels and ultimately for tissue repair. The pathway is inhibited when the ligand detaches from the receptor and when the phosphate group is removed from the tyrosine kinase domain and other second messengers during the cascade after the tissue has been fully repaired.

5. HOW PDGFR CAUSES CANCER Cancer as a result of this growth factor is caused by mutations in the proto-oncogene(TEL/ETV-6) which auto phosphorylates to and oncogene which leads to dimerization even without and extracellular ligand binding. The oncogene constitutively activates the RTK domain followed by a continuous cascade of events with in the cell that lead to over growth of cells that leads to cancer Some drugs are being discovered to suppress or inhibit this pathway in cancer

6. SUMMARY PDGFR is a type of tyrosine kinase that a pathway having cascade of events that result is tissue repair. Mutation of the protein TEL/ETV-6 in this receptor results in a protein that self-actives the pathways leading to cancer THANKS

7. REFERENCES Heldin CH, et al 2013 Structural and functional properties of PDGF and stem factor receptors. Cold spring Hard perspect Biol.1.5(8)pii:a009100 https;//www.sinobiological.com/resource/cytokines/pdgf-signaling-pathway https;//fibrogenesis.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1755-1536-6-10 https;//youtiu.be/v31RAbjtg4k?si=NhewXVoC_OVHJ4G2