PN_Junction_Diode_applied Physics for engineers

pn junction diode

1. PN Junction Diode Student-Level Presentation Prepared by: Dr. Waqar Tahir

2. Introduction to Semiconductor - Semiconductors have conductivity between conductors and insulators - Examples: Silicon (Si), Germanium (Ge) - Basis of modern electronics

3. PN Junction Formation - P-type: Excess holes - N-type: Excess electrons - When combined, they form a PN Junction

4. Depletion Region - Area around the junction without free charge carriers - Acts as a barrier for current flow - Creates barrier potential

5. Biasing of PN Junction - Forward Bias: Current flows easily - Reverse Bias: Very little current flows

6. VI Characteristics of PN Junction Diode - Forward region: Current increases exponentially after threshold - Reverse region: Very small current flows until breakdown

7. Applications of PN Junction Diode - Rectifiers (AC to DC) - Clippers & Clampers - Switching circuits

8. Conclusion - PN Junction diode is the basic building block of electronics - Its behavior depends on biasing - Widely used in rectification and signal processing