Pneumatic conveyor presentation

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1. Pneumatic Conveyor

2. Group 7 Team Members 1. SAYED RAFAT HABIB 1502104 2 .SHEIKH ABDULLAH AL SAEED 1502105 3 .MD. TAKIUDDIN 1502106 4 .SIHAB UDDIN MAHTAB 1502107 5 .SHAHRIAR ISLAM 1502108 6 .TAHSINUR RAHMAN 1502109 7 .RAKIBUL HASSAN 15021110 NAME ROLL

3. Pneumatic conveying is the process of conveying granular / powdered materials by floating the materials in a gas, primarily air, and then allowing it to flow to the destination through a closed pipe.   Definition

4. Pneumatic conveying system is used for delivery of non-sticky, dry materials via pipelines to various storage or process points which are economically inaccessible by conventional conveyors. The operating principle common to all types of pneumatic conveying is that motion is imparted to the material by a fast moving stream of air. Thus any pneumatic conveyor consists of an air supply equipment (blower or compressor), pipelines, product storages, air lock feeders and dust filters.   About Pneumatic Conveying

5. Materials can be picked from one or more points and can be delivered to one or more points in a plant or even outside to a different plant .   The conveying of materials takes place through air tight piping and auxiliary system and hence neither pollutes the environment nor the materials get contaminated with foreign materials . It offers plant and operator safety in handling fine powdery materials which may be toxic in nature or fire prone . If offers a flexible system. The conveying pipe lines can be routed and rerouted with little efforts as per demand of the operations . Advantages

6. It makes possible unloading of materials from ships, barges, transport vessels directly to storage bins. It is self-cleaning system, preventing accumulation of materials in the conveying system. Because of this, the same installation may be used for conveying different materials. If offers a low maintenance cost system. It also offers a lower cost materials handling system compared to handling and storage of bulk materials in bags or small containers. A pneumatic system can be operated automatically and can easily be integrated into manufacturing processes as feeders . Advantages(Contd.)

7. The types of materials suitable for pneumatic conveying is limited to materials which are dry, granulated, pulverized, crushed etc. and essentially free flowing. Friable or too abrasive materials are not suitable to be transported by pneumatic conveyors. The movement of transportation is fixed ( uni -directional) Relatively high energy consumption per unit weight of materials transported. The length of pneumatic conveyors is limited. Vacuum systems are limited to 500 m while high pressure systems up to 2 kms or marginally more Disadvantages

8. Cement Coal dust Grain Alumina Apatite concentrate Ashes Cotton Crushed coal Saw dust Catalyzers for cracking plants Types of Material Conveyed

9. Constructions work Rail and water transport Convey materials within shops and stores Convey materials from store to hopper Deliver materials from unloading areas of railway cars or ships to the hoppers or silos of plants For unloading of railway cars and ships The unloading of pressurized containers For the controlled reclaiming of materials from silos and for many similar purposes. Applications

10. Classification

11. Positive Pressure System: A positive low pressure pipeline system is one in which a positive air flow, created by a positive displacement blower, effectively transport slow flowing materials over a distance up to 500 meters. The major characteristics of this system is that it can pick up material from one source and discharge the same to more than one points . Pipeline Conveyor Low Pressure System

12. Positive Pressure System

13. A positive displacement blower (lobe type or roots blower) sucks air from the atmosphere through a suction filter and delivers pressurized air into the conveyor pipe line. Materials to be conveyed are introduced into the pipelines from the feeding bin/hopper through different types of air lock feeder at controlled rate. The materials so introduced are immediately air laden and blown to one or a number of receiving bins / silos through diverting valves, also called change over valves. Pipeline Conveyor Positive Pressure System

14. The air, after the material get discharged at the receiving hoppers, is made to pass through an appropriate dust removal system, before it is allowed to escape back to atmosphere. Pipeline Conveyor Positive Pressure System

15. Positive Pressure System

16. Negative Pressure System: Easy flowing materials like cereals, grains, powdery materials etc. are conveyed in suction conveyors. M aterials from multiple storage points may be collected and transported to a single storage point. Pipeline Conveyor Low Pressure System

17. Negative Pressure System

18. A positive displacement blower creates a vacuum in the conveyor pipe line, which causes the material to be sucked through one or multiple nozzles and conveyed to a receiving hopper. The conveyed material is separated from the air stream and collected in the hopper. The air is generally made to pass through a dust collector to be freed from remaining finer particles of materials and then released to the atmosphere. Pipeline Conveyor Negative Pressure System

19. Negative Pressure System

20. Combined negative-positive pressure ( or combination) system: In this system the principles of both positive pressure system and suction system are employed. This type of pneumatic conveyor is particularly employed when materials from more than one points have to be picked up and simultaneously delivered to multiple delivery points. Pipeline Conveyor Low Pressure System

21. Combination System

22. G enerally one positive delivery blower is used. The suction side of the blower conveys material from the storage points to an intermediate receiving station. The suction air passes through this intermediate receiving station and then through a cyclone separator and a further dust cleaner, if required, and enters the blower. The compressed air is then thrown into the pressure delivery pipe line, into which the material from the intermediate storage is discharged through necessary air lock feeder. From there, material is conveyed to the multiple storage silos as per a positive pressure system already discussed . Pipeline Convey0r Combination System

23. These systems are basically similar to a positive pressure system in its operational principles. The difference is the range of air pressure used. Because of use of increased air pressure, the medium and high pressure systems principally differ from a low pressure system in two aspects : Firstly , the type of air supply equipment will vary according to the pressure selected. Secondly , the feeding devices used will be different to make the system leak-proof. Pipeline Conveyor Medium and high pressure systems

24.   When small piece goods in standardized containers, called carriers, are transported pneumatically over short distance through pipe, it is called Tube conveyor . This type of transportation of piece goods is used in telegraph offices, banks, stores, newspaper offices and also in industries. The pipes of these installations may be round (up to 100 mm diameter) or elliptical. The carriers are moved at speeds range of 6 to 12 mps. Tube Conveyor

25. Dry powdered materials, when aerated acquire fluidity and can move along a plane having a slope of only 4% to 5%. This principle is adopted in an air slide for short distance movement of powdery materials at a fairly controlled rate. Air-activated Gravity Conveyors (Air slide)