Polsc2 4 kinds of constitution

1. Constitution

2. CONSTITUTION IS DEFINED AS: “The body of those written or unwritten fundamental laws which regulate the most important rights of the higher magistrates and the most important essential privileges of the subjects."

3. Nature and Purpose of a Constitution

4. 1) It serves as a supreme or fundamental law Charter that created a government Binding all individual citizens and parts of the government together as one The ultimate law ; the law other laws must abide by Test of legality by government officials

5. 2) Establishes the basic framework and underlying principles of the government Prescribes the permanent framework of the system of government, and assigns to the different department or branches, their respective powers and duties Establishes certain basic principles by which the government is founded Designed to preserve and protect the rights of the citizens against the powers of the state

6. KINDS OF CONSTITUTION ACCORDING TO FORM

7. KINDS OF CONSTITUTION WRITTEN CONSTITUTION UNWRITTEN CONSITUTION

8. KINDS OF CONSTITUTION Written constitution One which has been given definitive written form at particular time , usually by a specially constituted authority called a “ constitutional convention ”

9. KINDS OF CONSTITUTION Unwritten Constitution One which is entirely the product of political evolution , consisting largely of a mass of customs , usages and judicial decisions together with a smaller body of statutory enactments of fundamental character, usually bearing different dates .

10. KINDS OF CONSTITUTION

11. KINDS OF CONSTITUTION Pros and cons of a written constitution Pro: It has the advantage of clearness, definiteness, and rigidness that the unwritten doesn’t have. It cannot be easily altered. Con: It is difficult to make changes . To change, it requires to go through “charter changing” which may take a while before any changes can be made.

12. KINDS OF CONSTITUTION ACCORDING TO THEIR ORIGIN

13. KINDS Conventional or Enacted Cumulative or Evolved

14. KINDS OF CONSTITUTION Conventional or Enacted Constitution One is enacted by a constituent assembly or granted by a monarch of his subject

15. KINDS OF CONSTITUTION Japanese Constitution

16. Cumulative or Evolved One which is a product of long growth or a long period of development originating in customs , traditions , judicial decisions , etc., rather than from a deliberate and formal enactment.

17. KINDS OF CONSTITUTION ACCORDING TO MANNER OF AMENDMENT

18. Kinds Rigid or inelastic Flexible or elastic

19. KINDS OF CONSTITUTION Rigid or Inelastic Constitution One regarded as a document of “ special sanctity ” which cannot be modified in the same manner as other laws except by some special machinery, more burdensome than the ordinary legislative process.

20. KINDS OF CONSTITUTION Constitution Of the United States of America

21. Flexible or elastic One which possesses no higher legal authority than ordinary laws and which may be altered or amended in the same way as other laws.

22. Exercise Israel’s constitution is an accumulated body of documents and precedents, some of which date back to biblical times. Is the constitution of Israel enacted or evolved? Why? In Sweden, constitutional amendments must be passed by two successive legislatures, with a general election in between. As to amendment, is their constitution rigid or flexible? Why? The British Constitution consists of some laws passed by the Parliament and court decisions and no single document has been codified as constitution to set forth the basic principles of the organization of power. As to form, is the British Constitution written or unwritten? Why?

23. T ha n k y o u !