Potential and Kinetic Energy Presentation2.pptx

Slide presentations on Kinetic and Potential energy

1. What are Kinetic
and
Potential Energy?

2. What is ENERGY?

* Energy is the ability to do work.

* Everything that happens in the world uses energy!

* Most of the time we can't see energy, but it is
everywhere around us!

3. Energy...

* is NEVER created or destroyed!

* can only be STORED or TRANFERRED.

4. This car

uses a
ne. lot of
> energy
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Batteries store energy!
es
We get
= = á our
Even this e. energy
x sleeping y ce from
= Puppy is > FOOD!
using 4 (7
+ 3 stored AR

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5. Remember:

ALL matter is made up
of particles.

The particles NEVER
stop moving.

6. How is all energy divided?

All Energy

Potential Kinetic
Energy Energy

7. Potential Energy is...

* The energy stored in an object.

+ "Potential" simply means the energy has the
ability to do something useful later on.

Potential Energy

+ It is the energy possessed by a body due to
its position or condition.
+ It is the same as stored energy.

Examples:
A stretched or compressed spring.
A person, even if he is seated or standing.

8. Potential Energy

. MN
Elastic PE Gravitational Chemical PE
Se, PE ww

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~~ ELASTIC POTENTIAL ENERGY

» It is the energy stored in elastic
materials as the result of their
stretching or compressing.

¢ The more stretch, the more stored
energy ;

10. Chemical Potential Energy

* Potential energy stored within the
chemical bonds of an object.

11. Gravitational Potential Energy

* It is the energy stored in an object as the
result of its vertical position or height.

» A potential energy of a body due to
elevated position.

12. Examples of Potential Energy:

A stretched rubber band..

13. * The higher an object, the more potential
energy.

* The more mass an object has, the more
potential energy it has.

14. Which obj
object has more potential energy?

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15. ANSWER

This brick has more mass than the feather;
therefore more potential energy!

16. Changing an objects’ height can change its
potential energy.

* If | want to drop an apple from the top of one of these
three things, where will be the most potential energy?

17. ANSWER

* The higher the
object, the more
potential energy!

18. Gravitational Potential Energy

PE=mgh
Where: m=mass
g= gravity (9.8 m/s?)
h= height or distance

19. Problem:

* Calculate the potential energy of a
4 kilograms object raised to a
height of 5 meters.

20. Solution:

Given: m= 4 kg
g =9.8 m/s?
h=5m
PE =?
PE=mgh
PE= (4kg)(9.8m/s?)(5m)
PE = 196 kg. m?/s? or 196 J

21. TL,

22)

Solve the following

Calculate the potential energy of a 50kg
boulder at the ledge of a cliff 250 m high.
Suppose the diver at the top of a 10.0 m
high diving platform has a mass of 50.0 kg.
Find the diver’s Potential energy.

. A 60.0 kg person walks from the ground to

the roof of a 74.8 m tall building. How much
gravitational potential energy does she have
at the top of the building?

22. Potential Energy Converted to
Kinetic Energy...
* When stored energy begins to move, the

object now transfers from potential
energy into kinetic energy.

23. Kinetic Energy Is...

* The energy of a moving object.
+ "Kinetic" means movement!

* When stored energy is being used up, it is
making things move or happen.

24. Exanples of Kinetic Óne gy:

25. * The faster the object
moves, the more
kinetic energy is
produced.

* The greater the mass and speed of an object,
the more kinetic energy there will be.

26. When these objects move at the same
speed, which will have more kinetic
energy?

27. ANSWER

The semi- truck has more mass;
therefore, more kinetic energy!

28. * An object has the MOST kinetic energy when
it’s movement is the GREATEST.

* When an object has the LEAST potential
energy, it has the MOST kinetic energy.

29. SAMPLE PROBLEMS

1. Calculate the kinetic energy of a 1000-kg car
traveling at 60km/h?

2. If a0.2-kg ball is thrown with a velocity of
6m/s, what is its KE?

3. What is the potential energy of a 0.3-kg ball
lifted to a height of 5.0 m above the ground?

4. A 1.5-kg book on top a shelf has a PE of 29.4
J. How high is the shelf?

30. A water bottle is knocked off a desk.
When does the bottle have the MOST
kinetic energy?

A. At the top of the fall.

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B. In the middle of the fall: E]
C. At the bottom of the fall. ES

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31. + C. At the bottom of the fall.

* It has the most kinetic energy when its movement
and speed are greatest, which is at the bottom of the
fall right before it hits the ground.

+ When an object has the LEAST potential energy is
when it has the MOST kinetic energy.

BrainPop

32. Roller Coasters

* When does the train on
this roller coaster have
the MOST potential
energy?

* AT THE VERY TOP!

* The HIGHER the train is lifted
by the motor, the MORE
potential energy is produced.

* At the top of the hill the train
has a huge amount of potential
energy, but it has very little
kinetic energy.

33. * As the train accelerates down the hill the
potential energy is converted into kinetic
energy.

+ There is very little
potential energy at

the bottom of the hill,

but there is a great Y
amount of kinetic
energy.

34. * When does the train
on this roller coaster
have the MOST
kinetic energy?

(When is it moving the fastest?)

(When does it have the LEAST
potential energy???)

* At the bottom of the
tallest hill!

35. Notes
All energy is divided into two types: potential and
kinetic.

Potential Energy: The energy stored in an object.

Kinetic Energy: The energy of a moving object.

Energy is never created or destroyed. It is always
stored or transferred.

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Energy
>It is the ability to do work.

>It is transferred by a force
moving an object through a
distance.

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38. @ Energy and Work

Work and energy are closely
related.

*Work is a method of
transferring energy.

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39. 9 Energy and Work

» Energy can be transferred from one
place to another.

Examples:

1. Sound and light are transferred by
waves.

2. Electrical energy is transferred by
moving electrical charges through
a complete circuit.

3. Heat is transferred either by
randomly moving particles, or by

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Kinetic Energy

+ It is the energy of a moving
object or energy in motion.

* The word kinetic comes
from the Greek word
kinetikos which means
moving.

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*doubling the mass in the formula
would double the KE. However,
Doubling the speed would
quadruple the KE, since KE is
proportional to the square of an
object's speed.

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42. N

Calculating Kinetic Energy

A 0.10 kilogram bird is flying
at a constant speed of 8.0
m/s. what is the bird’s KE?

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«Calculating Kinetic Energy
7 Given: m= 0.10 kg

v= 8.0 m/s
KE=?
Sol’n:
KE = mv?
== (0.10kg)(8.0 m/s)?
=3.2 kg.m?/s? or

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Solve:

A 1000kg car has a velocity of 17m/s.
What is the car’s KE?

A 70.0 kg man is walking at a speed of 2.0
m/s. What is his KE?

A 1400 kg car is moving at a speed of
25m/s. how much KE does the car have?

A 50.0 Kg cheetah has a KE of 18000 J. How
fast is the cheetah running?

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