Poverty

Poverty - Meaning, Dimensions of poverty, Definition, Theories of poverty, Causes of poverty, Impacts of poverty, Control of poverty

1. POVERTY

2. Meaning of Poverty Poverty is a situation that gives rise to a feeling of discrepancy between what one ‘has’ and what one ‘should have’. Each person’s feeling and experience of poverty is individual and unique. But the feeling of ‘powerlessness’ and ‘ resourcelessness ’ is possessed by all poor people. Poverty indirects a condition in which a person fails to maintain a living standard adequate for his physical and mental efficiency.

3. Dimensions of poverty Berstein Henry (1992) has identified the following dimensions of poverty : Lack of livelihood strategies Inability to maintain and develop social relations with others as consequences of lack of resources Feeling of insecurity and frustrations Inaccessibility to resources (money, land, credit)

4. Here are some pictures depicting poverty

5. Definition Adan Smith – “Man is rich or poor according to the degree in which he can afford to enjoy the necessaries, the conveniences and the amusements of human life”. Godard – “Poverty is an insufficient supply of those things which are requisite for an individual to maintain himself and those dependants upon him in health and vigour ”.

6. Theories Of Poverty Malthus Theory According to Malthus, growth of population is the main cause of poverty. Karl Marx Theory According to Marx, the cause of poverty is – Exploitation of workers by capitalists.

7. Causes Of Poverty

8. Main causes of poverty Over population Unemployment Poor income Mental diseases Parents death Political reasons & Government

9. Cont … Poor natural resources Illiteracy Socio-economic reasons Failure of monsoon Old customs and traditions Unequal distribution

10. Impacts / Problems of poverty Malnutrition and health Anti-social activities Beggary Terrorism Child labour Prostitution Growth of slums

11. Cont … Poor status Corruption Family disorganization Suicide Juvenile delinquency Crime Failure of people to adjust

12. Control of poverty Develop standard of living Social welfare services Rehabilitation programmes Development of agriculture Development of industrties Employment Free education

13. Cont … Equal distribution Free training programme Counselling programme Youth social service programme Government plans and programmes